Intel Corporation

University of Rochester

Selena Chan

Mineo Yamakawa

Xing Su

Tae-Woong T Koo

Andrew A Berlin

Narayan Sundararajan

Lei B Sun

Sunghoon Kwon

Narayanan Sundararajan

Jingwu Zhang

John Heck

Eric Cabot Hannah

Horst Haussecker

Valluri Ramana Rao

Yuegang Zhang

Benjamin L Miller

Gabi Neubauer

Philippe M Fauchet

Steven J Kirch

Mark B Roth

Val M Dubin

Tac-Woong Koo

Scott R Horner

Zhang Jingwu

Embodiments of the present invention provide devices methods for sequencing DNA using arrays of reaction cavities containing sensors to monitor changes in solutions contained in the reaction cavities. Additional embodiments provide devices and methods for sequencing DNA using arrays of reaction cavities that allow for optical monitoring of solutions in the reaction cavities. Test and fill reaction schemes are disclosed that allow DNA to be sequenced. By sequencing DNA using parallel reactions contained in large arrays, DNA can be rapidly sequenced.

Sensor arrays and nucleic acid sequencing applications

In certain embodiments of the invention, a plurality of images of one or more subjects may be captured using different imaging techniques, such as different modalities of scanning probe microscopy. Parameters may be estimated from the plurality of images, using one or more models of known molecular structures to provide a model-based analysis. The estimated parameters may be fused, with further input from physical models of known molecular structures. The fused parameters may be used to characterize the subjects. Such characterization may include the detection and/or identification of specific molecular structures, such as proteins, peptides and/or nucleic acids of known sequence and/or structure. In some embodiments of the invention the structural characterizations may be used to identify previously unknown properties of a subject molecule.

Model-based fusion of scanning probe microscopic images for detection and identification of molecular structures

The methods, systemsand apparatus disclosed herein concern metalimpregnated porous substrates. Certain embodiments of the invention concern methods for producing metal-coated porous silicon substratesthat exhibit greatly improved uniformity and depth of penetration of metaldeposition. The increased uniformity and depth allow improved and more reproducible Raman detection of analytes. In exemplary embodiments of the invention, the methods may comprise oxidation of porous silicon, immersion in a metal salt solution, drying and thermal decomposition of the metal saltto form a metal deposit. In other exemplary embodiments of the invention, the methods may comprise microfluidic impregnation of porous silicon substrateswith one or more metal salt solutions. Other embodiments of the invention concern apparatus and/or systemsfor Raman detection of analytes, comprising metal-coated porous silicon substratesprepared by the disclosed methods.

Microfluidic system incorporating a metal impregnated nanoporous material in a microfluidic pathway thereof

Microfluidic apparatus including integrated porous substrate/sensors that may be used for detecting targeted biological and chemical molecules and compounds. In one aspect, upper and lower microfluidic channels are defined in respective halves of a substrate, which are sandwiched around a porous membrane upon assembly. In other aspect, the upper and lower channels are formed such that a portion of the lower channel passes beneath a portion of the upper channel to form a cross-channel area, wherein the membrane is disposed between the two channels. In various embodiments, one or more porous membranes are disposed proximate to corresponding cross-channel areas defined by one or more upper and lower channels. The porous membrane may also have sensing characteristics, such that it produces a change in an optical and/or electronic characteristic. Accordingly, the apparatus may further include instrumentation or detection equipment to measure the changes, such as optic-based detectors and electronic instrumentation.

Microfluidic apparatus with integrated porous-substrate/sensor for real-time (BIO) chemical molecule detection

Methods for uniform metal impregnation into a nanoporous material

Microfluidic apparatus with integrated porous-substrate/sensor for real-time (bio)chemical molecule detection

The invention provides methods used to analyze the contents of a biological sample, such as blood serum, with cascade Raman sensing. A fluorescence producing nanoporous biosensor having probes that bind specifically to known analytes is contacted with a biological sample and one or more bound complexes coupled to the porous semiconductor structure are formed. The bound complexes are contacted with a Raman-active probe that binds specifically to the bound complexes and the biosensor is illuminated to generate fluorescent emissions from the biosensor. These fluorescent emissions generate Raman signals from the bound complexes. The Raman signals produced by the bound complexes are detected and the Raman signal associated with a bound protein-containing analyte is indicative of the presence of the protein-containing compound in the sample. The invention methods are useful to provide a protein profile of a patient sample. The invention also provides detection systems useful to practice the invention methods.

Detection of biomolecules using porous biosensors and Raman spectroscopy

Methods and apparatus are provided for assaying cell samples, which may be living cells, using probes labeled with composite organic-inorganic nanoparticles (COINs) and microspheres with COINs embedded within a polymer matrix to which the probe moiety is attached. COINs intrinsically produce SERS signals upon laser irradiation, making COIN-labeled probes particularly suitable in a variety of methods for assaying cells, including biological molecules that may be contained on or within cells, most of which are not inherently Raman-active. The invention provides variations of the sandwich immunoassay employing both specific and degenerate binding, methods for reverse phase assay of tissue samples and cell microstructures, in solution displacement and competition assays, and the like. Systems and chips useful for practicing the invention assays are also provided.

Cellular analysis using Raman surface scanning

The methods, apparatus and compositions disclosed herein concern the detection, identification and/or sequencing of biomolecules, such as nucleic acids or proteins. In certain embodiments of the invention, coded probes comprising a probe molecule attached to one or more nano-barcodes may be allowed to bind to one or more target molecules. After binding and separation from unbound coded probes, the bound coded probes may be aligned on a surface and analyzed by scanning probe microscopy. Where the probes are oligonucleotides, adjacent coded probes hybridized to a target nucleic acid may be ligated together before alignment and SPM analysis. Compositions comprising coded probes are also disclosed herein. Systems for biomolecule analysis may comprise an SPM instrument and at least one coded probe attached to a surface.

Controlled alignment of nano-barcodes encoding specific information for scanning probe microscopy (SPM)

The methods, apparatus and compositions disclosed herein concern the detection, identification and/or sequencing of biomolecules, such as nucleic acids or proteins. In certain embodiments of the invention, coded probes comprising a probe molecule attached to one or more nanobarcodes may be allowed to bind to one or more target molecules. After binding and separation from unbound coded probes, the bound coded probes may be aligned on a surface and analyzed by scanning probe microscopy. The nanobarcodes may be any molecule or complex that is distinguishable by SPM, such as carbon nanotubes, fullerenes, submicrometer metallic barcodes, nanoparticles or quantum dots. Where the probes are oligonucleotides, adjacent coded probes hybridized to a target nucleic acid may be ligated together before alignment and scanning probe microscopy (SPM) analysis. Compositions comprising coded probes are also disclosed herein. Systems for biomolecule analysis may comprise an SPM instrument and at least one coded probe attached to a surface.

Controlled alignment of nanobarcodes encoding specific information for scanning probe microscopy (SPM) reading

The methods, apparatus and compositions disclosed herein concern the detection, identification and/or sequencing of biomolecules, such as nucleic acids or proteins. In certain embodiments of the invention, coded probes comprising a probe molecule attached to one or more nano-barcodes may be allowed to bind to one or more target molecules. After binding and separation from unbound coded probes, the bound coded probes may be aligned on a surface and analyzed by scanning probe microscopy. The nano-barcodes may be any molecule or complex that is distinguishable by scanning probe microscopy (SPM), such as carbon nanotubes, fullerenes, submicrometer metallic barcodes, nanoparticles or quantum dots. Where the probes are oligonucleotides, adjacent coded probes hybridized to a target nucleic acid may be ligated together before alignment and scanning probe microscopy (SPM) analysis. Compositions comprising coded probes are also disclosed herein. Systems for biomolecule analysis may comprise a scanning probe microscopy (SPM) instrument and at least one coded probe attached to a surface.

Controlled alignment of nano-barcodes encoding specific information for scanning probe microscopy (SPM) reading

The methods and apparatus disclosed herein concern nucleic acid sequencing by enhanced Raman spectroscopy. In certain embodiments of the invention, exonuclease treatment of the nucleic acidsresults in the release of nucleotidesThe nucleotides may pass from a reaction chamberthrough a microfluidic channeland enter a nanochannel or microchannelThe nanochannel or microchannelmay be packed with nanoparticleaggregates containing hot spots for Raman detection. As the nucleotidespass through the nanoparticlehot spots, they may be detected by surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS), surface enhanced resonance Raman spectroscopy (SERRS) and/or coherent anti-Stokes Raman spectroscopy (CARS). Identification of the sequence of nucleotidesreleased from the nucleic acidprovides the nucleic acid sequence. Other embodiments of the invention concern apparatusfor nucleic acid sequencing.

Growing community of inventors

San Jose, CA, United States of America

Selena Chan