Citizen Watch Company, Ltd.

Citizen Holdings Company, Ltd.

Seiichi Osawa

Makoto Yasunaga

Masao Kunita

Takashi Moriya

Takeo Komiyama

Toshio Kurihara

Masayuki Iwasaki

Michio Koizumi

Katsuya Masuda

Shinya Sato

Osamu Washimine

Akio Segawa

Tadashi Mitsuhasi

Takeshi Toyoda

Ken Kozasa

A first electrode of a liquid crystal cell () is composed of a plurality of concentric electrodes (to) of a concentrically circular shape, the plurality of concentric electrodes are divided into a first group of concentric electrodes () near the center and a second group of concentric electrodes () near the periphery, and a concentric electrode between the two groups is an independent single electrode (). A first correction unit that corrects spherical aberration of a high density DVD is composed of the two groups and a second correction unit that corrects aberration of a conventional DVD is composed of the first group of concentric electrodes (). In the case of correcting the aberration of the conventional DVD, the independent concentric electrode () is supplied with a voltage between the voltages respectively supplied to adjacent concentric electrodes (), (). In the case of correcting the aberration of the high density DVD, the independent concentric electrode () is supplied with a voltage equal to the voltage supplied to the concentric electrode immediately lateral thereto ().

Liquid crystal optical element having grouped concentric electrodes

Method of driving ink-jet head by selective voltage application

An ink-jet head comprises: an insulating base (10); a plurality of juxtaposed multilayer piezoelectric elements (20) each formed by alternately stacking conductive members and piezoelectric plates polarized in the direction of the thickness and having a lowermost layer (25) and an uppermost layer (26) which are nondriven layers which are not distorted even when voltage is applied thereto; an elastically bendable oscillation plate (30); and a flow passage plate (40) provided with a plurality of ink outlets(43) at the front end thereof, and a plurality of juxtaposed ink chambers (41) connected to the ink outlets (43). The lowermost layers (25) of the multilayer piezoelectric elements (20) are bonded to the upper surface of the base (10), and the oscillation plate (30) is bonded to the uppermost layers (26) of the multilayer piezoelectric elements (20). The flow passage plate (40) is bonded to the upper surface of the oscillation plate (30) with the ink chambers (41) arranged in the direction of distortion of the multilayer piezoelectric elements (20). A front member (50) is bonded to the front end surfaces of the multilayer piezoelectric elements (20) and a front end portion of the oscillation plate (30).

Ink-jet head

Pairs of laminated piezoelectric actuator (111) are arranged in plural rows on a base plate (110) to form a laminated piezoelectric actuator unit. A diaphragm (115) is bonded to the upper end surface of the laminated piezoelectric actuator unit, and a flow path plate (118) is bonded to the upper surface of the diaphragm (115). Here, a plurality of pressurizing chambers (116) and an ink flow path (117) are formed in the flow path plate (118) such that each pressurizing chamber (116) is disposed corresponding to each laminated piezoelectric actuator (111). Moreover, a nozzle plate (120) having nozzle holes (119) is connected to the upper surface of the flow path plate (118). Each laminated piezoelectric actuator (111) is deformed in the direction of thickness by applying voltage thereto for ejecting ink inside each pressurizing chamber (116) via each nozzle hole (119) in a direction perpendicular to the base plate (110).

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Oyama, Japan

Seiichi Osawa