Kyowa Hakko Kogyo Co., Ltd.

Seigo Takasawa

Tadashi Hirata

Yukio Hashimoto

Ikuo Matsukuma

Shigeo Yoshiie

Kunikatsu Shirahata

Keiichi Takahashi

Takehiro Ogasa

Akira Sato

Kiyoshi Sato

Shigeru Kobayashi

Seiji Sato

Yoshiharu Yokoo

Tadayasu Furukawa

Kenichiro Takayama

Takahiro Hara

Izumi Masunaga

Yasushi Morikawa

Disclosed is a whitening cosmetic composition comprising .gamma.-L-glutamyl-L-cystine, .gamma.-L-glutamyl-L-cysteine disulfide, oxidized glutathione or a derivative thereof, the amino group of which is acylated with an alkanoyl group or an aroyl group. The whitening cosmetic composition of the present invention have extremely good in water solubility and heat stability and stability during storage and show a melanin formation inhibitory activity against melanoma cells without any cytotoxicity.

Whitening cosmetic composition

Optically active cephalosporin analogs are produced by optically selective deacylation of an optically inactive acylated analog. The compounds are useful as intermediates in the preparation of optically active acylated antimicrobial agents.

Optically active 3-halo carbacephems

Optically active cephalosporin analogs of the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sub.2 represents a hydrogen or a group represented by the formula ##STR2## wherein R.sub.3 is a straight or branched lower alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, a straight or branched lower alkoxy group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms or a phenyl group and R.sub.4 is a hydrogen or a straight or branched lower alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms; and A.sub.2 represents a straight or branched lower alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms or a straight or branched lower alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms which is substituted with one or two carboxyl groups, are useful as antibacterial agents.

Optically active cephalosporin analogs

New antibiotic compounds, Fortimicin factors KG.sub.1, KG.sub.2 and KG.sub.3 are produced by fermentation of microorganisms belonging to the genus Micromonospora. The antibiotic compounds are accumulated in the culture liquor and are isolated therefrom.

Fortimicin factor KG.sub.3

Ethanol is produced by culturing the microorganism Kluyveromyces cellobiovorus or Kloeckera apiculata in a medium containing, as a carbon source, an assimilable source of xylose, cellobiose or both. The carbon source may be provided in the form of hydrolysates of cellulose containing substances such as cotton, wood, straw or paper which are obtained by acid hydrolysis or enzymatic action. At the completion of culturing, ethanol is removed from the culture in a conventional manner.

Process for manufacturing alcohol by fermentation

Disclosed are optically active acylated cephalosporin analogs which are useful as antibacterial agents and methods for preparing such compounds.

Process for producing optically active cephalosporin analogs

Disclosed are optically active cephalosporin analogs which are produced by optically selective deacylation of an optically inactive acylated analog. The compounds are useful as intermediates in the preparation of optically active acylated antimicrobial agents.

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Hadano, Japan

Seigo Takasawa