Horiba, Ltd.

Kyoto University

Satoshi Nomura

Katsuhiko Tomita

Yasukazu Iwamoto

Takashi Kakiuchi

Manabu Shibata

Mikito Yamanuki

Hirofumi Akano

Tsuyoshi Nakanishi

Hiroki Tanabe

Tomoaki Fukushige

Syuji Takamatsu

Hiroshi Iwasaki

This invention provides a reference electrode that can be downsized and stable in voltage. The reference electrode in accordance with this invention is a reference electrode that does not require an internal aqueous solution such as a KCl aqueous solution and comprises a metal body, a slightly soluble salt film that comprises a slightly soluble salt of the metal body and that coats the metal body and a hydrophobic ionic liquid that is arranged to make contact with both the slightly soluble salt film and a sample to be measured.

Reference electrode coated with ionic liquid and electrochemical measurement system using the reference electrode

The present claimed invention is to provide a reference electrode wherein variations of a potential difference at a liquid junction can be removed almost completely, contamination of a sample solution can be minimized, a frequency to supply and replace an internal solution is lessened, the liquid junction is prevented from being clogged, high durability for a long term can be maintained and a measurement with high accuracy can be conducted, and comprises an internal electrode, an internal solutionthat makes a contact with the internal electrodeand a liquid junctionthat continues into the internal solution, wherein the liquid junctionis made by the use of a gelled hydrophobic ionic liquid.

Reference electrode, salt bridge and ionic concentration measuring device by the use of reference electrode and salt bridge

A method of measuring microbial activity of microbes in real time includes preparing a medium to enable microbial activity and placing the medium in operative contact with an appropriate sensor. The sensor is scanned to provide measurement electrical signals representative of position and amount of microbial activity, the sensor being responsive to a by-product of the microbial activity, such as a change in pH. The measurement signals can then be processed to provide a visual image display, and the display can visually distinguish between levels of pH activity and coordinate positions of the microbial activity.

Process for visually measuring a microbial activity state during real

A pH sensor having an ISFET is provided on a crystalline substrate of silicon with a thin film of aluminum oxide formed to have epitaxial growth with an overlaying thin film of silicon epitaxial grown on the aluminum oxide layer. A source element and a drain element are provided on the silicon film, and a pH responsive film layer is connected to the source and drain. The pH sensor can be accompanied with appropriate circuitry also integrally formed on the same epitaxial SOI substrate.

Semiconductor PH sensor and circuit and method of making same

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Kyoto, Japan

Satoshi Nomura