Nippon Paint Compnay, Ltd.

Henkel Corporation

Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha Corporation

Asahi Denka Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha

Asahi Denka Kogyo K.k.

Yashima Chemical Industrial Co., Ltd.

Satoshi Miyamoto

Syunichi Endou

Tamotsu Sobata

Kaoru Komiya

Mitsuo Shinomiya

Masamichi Nagatani

Masashi Takahashi

Yasuo Kikuchi

Tatsuya Ishida

Tatsufumi Ikeda

Kazuya Toda

Seiichiro Shirahata

Junji Suzuki

Chiharu Morikawa

Masayuki Kamimura

Masahiro Jo

Yoshiaki Itoh

Yokichi Tsukidate

Isao Kawasaki

Naomi Koishikawa

Yasuo Matsuura

Tasuaki Hariya

A heater apparatus divides a heater capacity (heater wire), connects the divided heater wire portions to each other outside the a heat insulating layer, changes a connection mode irrespective of which of a 100 V system or a 200 V system is used as a supply voltage, and thereby suppresses a heater temperature to within a safe range even in a continuous current conduction mode, and uses a common heater and suppress management cost. Furthermore, since the heater wire portions are connected to each other outside the heat insulating layer for the heater embedded in the heat insulating layer of a refrigerator, the heater apparatus is capable of reducing production loss due to misconnections and using a common heater.

Heater apparatus

Processes and solutions for phosphating metal surfaces. The solutions are acidic aqueous phosphate solutions containing a) from 0.1 to 1.5 g/l of zinc ion; b) from 5 to 50 g/l of phosphate ion; c) from 0.2 to 4 g/l of manganese ion; d) at least 0.05 g/l of fluoride ion; e) less than 0.5 g/l of chloride ion; and f) a phosphating accelerator. The metal surface phosphated with the solution including galvanized steel, is free of white spots and is suitable for electrocoating.

Phosphate coatings for metal surfaces

A surface treatment aqueous solution is provided which is superior in corrosion resistance and coating adhesiveness as well as in ability of inhibiting the production of precipitate. A tinned DI can, which has been degreased, is conversion coating processed in a treatment bath filled with a surface treatment aqueous solution containing at least phosphate ions, organophosphonate compound and tin ions with a pH value of 5 or less. After the conversion coating, the DI can is washed with water and dried. A preferable organophosphonate compound is one in which a phosphorus atom constituting a phosphonate group is bonded to a carbon atom.

Surface treatment aqueous solution for metal

Disclosed is a method for zinc phosphating a molded metal article wherein a treating bath composition comprises from 1.5 to 5.0 g/l of zinc ion, from 0.1 to 3.0 g/l of manganese ion, from 5 to 40 g/l of phosphate ion, from 0.05 to 3.0 g/l of a fluorine compound as HF and hydoxylamine as a chemical conversion accelerator. A concentration of hydroxylamine is maintained to satisfy the following relationship: 0.5.ltoreq.�hydroxylamine!(g/l)-2.0.times.�Fe.sup.2+ !(g/l).ltoreq.3.0 The treating bath is agitated by a vibratory agitating means provided in the treating vessel so that a mean acceleration a of a treating solution present within a bath region in which the molded metal article is immersed to be treated under fluid agitation is at least 8 cm/sec.sup.2. The mean acceleration is calculated from the following equation: ##EQU1## wherein values of X, Y and Z, each in unit of cm/sec.sup.2, indicate average acceleration values of treating solution in three respective X, Y and Z axial directions which are perpendicular to each other. The velocity changes of the treating solution in a flow state in respective X, Y and Z directions are synchronously measured at measuring locations for 60 seconds to be averaged to obtain the respective average acceleration values in X, Y and Z directions.

Method for zinc phosphating molded metal articles

A solution which is stored in a treatment bath is stirred by vibration stirring means provided in the treatment bath in a range of receiving a metal molded article or around a substantially horizontal surface of the metal molded article so that mean acceleration a expressed in the following equation is at least 8 cm/sec.sup.2 : ##EQU1## where X, Y and Z, which are in units of cm/sec.sup.2, represent average acceleration values of flow rate changes within 60 seconds, measured simultaneously in three axial directions of X, Y and Z which are perpendicular to each other at a measuring position.

Pretreatment method for coating on molded metal article

Quaternary ammonium salt having at least one alkyl group of 10 to 20 in carbon number is added to a chemical conversion solution to be at least 20 ppm in concentration, and a chemical conversion coating is formed on a surface of a metal can with this chemical conversion solution. After the chemical conversion coating is formed on the surface of the metal can with the chemical conversion solution, a surface treatment solution containing quaternary ammonium salt having at least one alkyl group of 10 to 20 in carbon number is applied to the surface of the metal can provided with the chemical conversion coating.

Chemical conversion method and surface treatment and method for metal can

The invention provides a surface-treating agent for a metal can, which diminishes friction on an outside surface of the can without giving a bad influence on attachability of paint, lacquer and the like and shows high safety to the human body. Furthermore, the invention provides a method for treating a metal can surface with said surface-treating agent. The surface-treating agent for a metal can is characterized by containing an ester compound between a polyglycerol and fatty acid(s) as an essential component. To diminish a friction coefficient of the metal can surface, the surface-treating agent is brought into contact with the metal can surface.

Surface-treating agent for metal can and method for treating metal

The present invention provides a surface-treating agent for a metal can, which has an effect of elevating smoothness of the metal can, shows a low foaming property and high thermal stability, but not uneasiness at safety, and thereby contributes to elevate a transferring speed of a metal can body in producing the metal can. A surface-treating agent for a metal can, comprising an emulsion containing a sorbitan fatty acid ester in a concentration of 100 to 2000 mg/l in a water medium, is sprayed to a metal can body in the final stage of a rinsing process which is carried out after a converting process.

Method for treating a metal can surface

The degreasing composition comprises a surfactant composition comprising a compound (a) represented by the general formula (1):

Surfactant composition, degreasing composition and degreasing bath

2-Substituted phenyl-2-oxazoline derivatives or 2-substituted phenyl-2-thiazoline derivatives represented by the general formula (I) ##STR1## in which R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 may be same or different and each represents a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a lower alkyl group, a lower alkoxy group, a nitro group, a lower haloalkyl group or a lower haloalkoxy group, with a proviso that R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 do not simultaneously represent hydrogen atoms;

2-Substituted phenyl-2-oxazoline or thiazoline derivatives, process for

Processes and solutions for phosphating metal surfaces. The solutions are acidic aqueous phosphate solutions containing (a) from 0.1 to 1.5 g/l of zinc ion; (b) from 5 to 50 g/l of phosphate ion; (c) from 0.2 to 4 g/l of manganese ion; (d) at least 0.05 g/l of fluoride ion; (e) less than 0.5 g/l of chloride ion; and (f) a phosphating accelerator. The metal surface phosphated with the solution including galvanized steel, is free of white spots and is suitable for electrocoating.

Growing community of inventors

Osaka, Japan

Satoshi Miyamoto