International Business Machines Corporation

Satoru S Kano

Yutaka Takahashi

Tadashi Fukuzawa

Kiyoshi Kumata

Soichi Owa

Victor Y Lee

Franklin M Schellenberg

A nonlinear optical device comprising a substrate and a film structure coated on to the substrate. The film has, in a direction normal to the substrate, an intercalation structure including a semiconductor layer and an organic layer that lave different energy gaps. The intercalation structure includes a plurality of semiconductor layers and a plurality of organic layers which comprise a quantum well system. The film structure includes an assembly of microcrystals having domain size smaller than that of the wavelength of light with which the device operates. The microcrystals have an axis aligned in a direction normal to the substrate and have randomly oriented axes in a direction parallel to the substrate. A method for producing the device comprises providing a solution of an organic material in a solvent and placing a quantity of the solution on a substrate to form the organic material film structure thereon. The film is formed by spin coating of the solution on the substrate. Preferably the film is comprised of a two-dimensional perovskite such as (C.sub.10 H.sub.21 NH.sub.3).sub.2 PbI.sub.4. The solvent is acetone or dimethoxyl ethane.

Nonlinear optical device and method of manufacturing same

A multi-quantum well structure with a large second order optical nonlinearity and transparent at short wavelengths of up to 350 nm. is described. Alternating insulator and semiconductor layers are grown on a substrate to form a multi-quantum well structure, such that the potential function for electrons in the semiconductor layers is asymmetric in a direction normal to the substrate. Sub-bands of electrons in the conduction band lead to a large optical nonlinearity with efficient second harmonics generation, and is obtained by an appropriate selection of the width and shape of the well. The structure, preferably packaged on the same substrate of a laser diode, is used as an on-chip source of blue light.

Nonlinear optical device

An apparatus for changing the direction of an optical beam comprises a thin film grating deflector; an optical energy source for providing optical energy to strike the deflector at a first angle with respect to gratings of the deflector and to exit the deflector at a second angle with respect to the gratings; and elements for applying a voltage to the deflector to vary the second angle. The optical energy source preferably comprises a laser diode; and a collimator for coupling energy from the laser diode to the grating deflector. The grating deflector is a planar waveguide including a plurality of stacked quantum wells formed of GaAs separated by barriers of AlGaAs. Optical energy provided to the grating deflector in a first direction is deflected in a second direction. These directions define a plane in which the waveguide is disposed. The quantum wells are stacked in a direction perpendicular to a plane of the waveguide. The optical energy source, the thin film grating deflector, the voltage applying elements and the collimator may be integrated into a single chip.

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Yokohama, Japan

Satoru S Kano