The Procter Gamble Company

International Business Machines Corporation

Saswati Datta

Michael A Gaynes

John M Lauffer

Bernd Karl Appelt

James Robert Wilcox

Paul Amaat France

Magda El-Nokaly

Mannie Lee Clapp

Sandra Lou Murawski

Steven Hardy Page

William Randal Belcher

Sohini Paldey

Arseniy Valerevich Radomyselskiy

Ronald Ray Warner

Jean Wevers

Raphael Warren

Richard Tweddell, Iii

Vesselin N Shanov

John Andrew McDaniel

Jianjun Justin Li

Randall Glenn Marsh

Arseni Valerevich Radomyselski

Louis Fay Wong

Paul Amaat Raymond Gerard France

Brian Naveen Ranade

Maria Montserrat Sanchez Peña

Chitra Laxmanan

Kerstin Ann-Margret Nolkrantz

Seved Farhad Miralai

Seyed Farhad Miralai

Pankaj Yadav Patil

Substrate comprising a discrete first layer comprising a first surface, an opposing second surface and a polymeric first material, wherein the first layer has a thickness of from about 1 micron to about 1000 microns and a hardness of from about 10 to about 80 on the Shore A scale; a discrete second layer comprising a first surface, an opposing second surface, and a second material, wherein the second layer has a hardness of from about 1 to about 70 on the Shore OOO scale and a thickness of from about 0.001 cm to about 2.0 cm; a discrete third layer comprising a first surface and a third material, wherein the third layer has a hardness of from about 0 to about 90 on the Shore D scale; and wherein the second surface of the first layer is in substantially fixed and continuous contact with the first surface of the second layer; the second surface of the second layer is in substantially fixed and continuous contact with the first surface of the third layer; and wherein the ratio of the average thickness of the second layer to the average thickness of the third layer is from about 4:96 to about 25:75.

Substrate having properties of mammalian skin

Method of product evaluation comprising the steps of applying at least one substance to a surface of an artificial substrate to form a substance-coated surface, wherein the substrate surface demonstrates at least one physical property selected from the group consisting of a total surface energy of from about 15 mJ/mto about 50 mJ/m, a polar component of the total surface energy of from about 0 mJ/mto about 15 mJ/m, a zeta-potential at a pH of about 5.0 of from about &#x2212;30 mV to about 30 mV, and combinations thereof, and performing at least one analysis of the substance-coated surface.

Methods of use of substrate having properties of keratinous tissue

Article of manufacture comprising a substrate and a coating layer. The coating layer comprises at least one coating material, and is stably affixed to the substrate to form a stable, coated surface. The coated surface has a texture that mimics the topography of mammalian keratinous tissue and demonstrates at least one physical property representative of mammalian keratinous tissue, selected from the group consisting of a total surface energy of from about 15 mJ/mto about 50 mJ/m, a dispersive component of the surface energy of from about 15 mJ/mto about 50 mJ/m, a polar component of the total surface energy of from about 1 mJ/mto about 14 mJ/m, a zeta-potential at a pH of about 5.0 of from about &#x2212;40 mV to about 30 mV, and combinations thereof.

Coated substrate with properties of keratinous tissue

An apparatus and method that generates plasma using a microwave radiation supply. The plasma is used to treat a surface of a workpiece at approximately atmospheric pressure. Plasma excites a working gas to create an excited gaseous species without degradation from undue heat caused by the plasma. The gaseous species exit an outlet of the apparatus to treat the surface of a workpiece when the outlet is juxtaposed with the workpiece.

Apparatus and method for treating a workpiece using plasma generated from microwave radiation

A plasma generating apparatus and method for treating a surface of a workpiece. This apparatus comprises a power supply , at least one powerable electrode connected to the power supply , at least one groundable electrode connected to ground, a dielectric separating the at least one powerable electrode and the at least one groundable electrode, a chamber at least partially housing both the powerable electrode and the groundable electrode and a first inlet for admitting a first gas into the chamber such that the first gas can flow between the at least one powerable electrode and the at least one groundable electrode. The at least one powerable electrode and the at least one groundable electrode are disposed in an array. These electrodes are arranged to be on a common side of a workpiece, to provide a portable apparatus.

Portable apparatus and method for treating a workpiece

A method is provided for connecting two conductive surfaces in an electronic circuit package comprising the steps of forming dendrites on selected regions of a first conductive surface, applying a dielectric insulation material over the first conductive surface such that the dendrites are exposed through the insulation material to leave a substantially planar surface of exposed dendrites, and placing a second conductive surface on top of the exposed dendrites. The second conductive surface may be a surface metal, a chip bump array, or a ball grid array. Also claimed is an electronic circuit package incorporating the dendrites used for electrical interconnection and planarization manufactured in accordance with the present invention.

Method for producing dendrite interconnect for planarization

A detergent composition having a plasma-induced, water-soluble coating for controlling solubility, chemical stability and physical properties is disclosed. A process for making such a detergent composition is also disclosed which involves subjecting a detergent material to a plasma glow zone in which an organic hydrophilic monomer is introduced such that it ultimately deposits on the detergent material to form a water-soluble coating. The detergent compositions are particulate or non-particulate and can be used for laundry, dishwashing or other similar application.

Detergent composition having a plasma-induced, water-soluble coating and process for making same

The present invention relates to a process, preferably a continuous process, of coating a substrate, which allows water vapor and preferably air permeation, with a hydrophobic coating. The process preferably uses a thin film vacuum condensation step to create a monomer coating which is cured in situ after the coating. The process has the benefit of allowing continuous operation and providing an alternative to existing processes for hydrophobic coating. The substrates are coated such that the water vapour permeation sites are not blocked by the coating to maintain the desired breathability. The static water contact angle on the surface of such substrates is more than 95&deg;. Such substrates are preferably employed in absorbent articles such as diapers, incontinence products, underarm sweat pads, sanitary napkins, catamenials, pantiliners, breast pads, shoe inserts of bandages or alternatively in protective garments such as gloves or rain coats for which water vapor transmission in particular from the inside to the outside is highly desirable.

Process for hydrophobic treatment of water vapor permeable substrates

A detergent composition having a plasma-induced, water-soluble coating for controlling solubility, chemical stability, and physical properties is disclosed. A process for making such a detergent composition is also disclosed which involves subjecting a detergent material to a plasma glow zone in which an organic hydrophilic monomer is introduced such that it ultimately deposits on the detergent material to form a water-soluble coating. The detergent compositions are particulate or non-particulate and can be used for laundry, dishwashing, or other similar applications.

Detergent composition having a plasma-induced, water soluble coating and process for making same

A process for plasma treatment of particulate matter, and more particularly, an apparatus for plasma induced graft polymerization of particulate matter in a continuous or semi-continuous manner, and a process for plasma induced graft polymerization of particulate matter in a continuous or semi-continuous manner is provided.

Apparatus and process for plasma treatment of particulate matter

A method is provided for connecting two conductive layers in an electronic circuit package comprising the steps of forming dendrites on selected regions of a first conductive layer, forming dendrites on selected regions of a second conductive layer, applying an epoxy adhesive material over the first conductive layer, and compressively attaching the second conductive layer to the first conductive layer such that the dendrites on the first conductive layer contact the dendrites on the second conductive layer. Also claimed is an electronic circuit package incorporating the dendrites used for electrical interconnection manufactured in accordance with the present invention. An alternative embodiment of the invention utilizes an intermediate surface metal with dendrites in place of a &ldquo;through via.&rdquo;

Method for producing conductor interconnect with dendrites

Conductor interconnect with dendrites through film

Conductor interconnect with dendrites through film and method for producing same

A method of repairing wiring shorts on a surface of an organic layer. The organic layer, which is preferably a SLC/ASM layer, may be a surface layer of a Printed Circuit (PC) board. The absorption spectrum of the organic layer is examined. Based on that absorption spectrum, a laser is selected with a wavelength such that the surface layer slightly absorbs, 1-10%, laser energy striking it. Thus, the laser removes metal on the surface, while slightly etching the surface layer and without effect on any metal buried in or beneath the surface layer. Preferably, the laser is an Nd:YAG laser having a wavelength in a range where the ASM layer absorption is between 2-5%, and the copper ablation rate is high.

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Cincinnati, OH, United States of America

Saswati Datta