Leland Stanford Junior University

Samuel J Yang

Karl A Deisseroth

Isaac V Kauvar

Noy Cohen

Marc Stewart Levoy

Logan Grosenick

Christina K Kim

Michael J Broxton

Aaron S Andalman

Mark A Horowitz

William E Allen

Karl A Disseroth

Provided herein is a method of optically recording neural activity in one or more regions of a target tissue. Also provided is a method of optically modulating the activity of a neural tissue. Further provided is a system that finds use in performing the present methods.

Method and systems for measuring neural activity

A method for measuring the activity of one or more excitable cells, such as neurons, in a target tissue is provided. The present method may include measuring the activity of individual, selected excitable cells by projecting one or more three dimensional (3D) multi-focal laser light patterns into a target tissue containing excitable cells adapted to emit cellular electrical activity&#x2014;sensitive fluorescence, to generate a multiplexed 2D diffraction pattern of fluorescence emitted by the neurons, and resolving the multiplexed 2D diffraction pattern. Also provided herein is a system configured to perform the present method, the system including a microscope configured to project one or more 3D multi-focal laser light patterns into a target tissue using a spatial light modulator and a mirror galvanometer, and a microlens array and an image detector to record individual and multiplexed 2D diffraction patterns of light emitted from the target tissue.

Methods and devices for imaging and/or optogenetic control of light-responsive neurons

Various aspects of the present disclosure are directed toward optics and imaging. As may be implemented with one or more embodiments, an apparatus includes one or more phase masks that operate with an objective lens and a microlens array to alter a phase characteristic of light travelling in a path from a specimen, through the objective lens and microlens array and to a photosensor array. Using this approach, the specimen can be imaged with spatial resolution characteristics provided via the altered phase characteristic, which can facilitate construction of an image with enhanced resolution.

Light-field microscopy with phase masking

Images are detected in a manner that addresses various challenges as discussed herein. As may be consistent with one or more embodiments, aspects are directed to an apparatus having sets of photosensors that detect light rays received at different angles from a specimen via a microlens array, with the light rays detected by each set of photosensors representing an aliased view of the specimen. An output indicative of aliased views of the specimen is provided. Certain embodiments further include a logic circuit that processes the output and generates a deconvolved volume image by combining aliased views of the specimen as detected by the photosensors.

Optics apparatus with detection of light rays received at different angles for output indicative of aliased views

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Stanford, CA, United States of America

Samuel J Yang