Beacon Light Products, Inc.

Hewlett-packard Company

Other

Hewlett-packard Development Company, L.P.

Agilent Technologies, Inc.

Samuel A Johnson

Dan E Rothenbuhler

Thomas Camis

David J Luman

Timothy V Harper

Mukesh P Patel

Glenn A Noble

Patrick Roblin

Gerald G Miller

Jon P Seubert

Veng-Chong Lau

Chih-Ju Hung

Electronic display devices and methods are described. In one embodiment, a display device comprises a housing and a display area provided within the housing to display content for a user. Memory is provided within the housing to hold data that is to be rendered into user-viewable content. An electrophotographic assembly is provided within the housing and is configured to electrophotographically render user-viewable content from the data that is held in the memory. A loop of material is disposed proximate the electrophotographic assembly and is configured to receive electrophotographically rendered content and present the content for user viewing within the display area. A control area is provided on the housing and includes one or more user-engagable structures to permit a user to interact with the device. The control area is positioned on the housing to accommodate one-handed use of the device. In one embodiment, the control area is provided on a sidewall that extends between front and back faces of the housing. The user-engagable structures can comprise any suitable user engagable structure, with an exemplary structure comprising a rocker-type switch which accommodates one-handed use of the display reader.

Electronic display devices and methods

A ball grid technology circuit assembly for mounting and connecting a ball grid array circuit package having a grid array of ball pads to a printed circuit board and providing enhanced connections for testing of the ball grid array circuits. The printed circuit board includes a via array of vias wherein each via extends from the upper face of the printed circuit board to a lower face of the printed circuit board and is co-located with a ball pad of the ball grid array to provide a path between the ball pad and the lower end of the via to provide electrical access to the corresponding ball pad. A probe array includes a pin array of probe pins wherein each probe pin is co-located with a via of the via array to provide electrical contact with a ball pad of the ball grid array. The probe array is mounted in a probe block and the probe block and printed circuit board include alignment holes and alignment pins for aligning the probe array with the vias and a probe attachment to secure the probe block to the ball grid array technology circuit assembly.

Method and apparatus for testing of ball grid array circuitry

Toner processing systems and electronic display devices and methods are described. In one embodiment, a toner processing system comprises an enclosure and an electrostatic toner recovery assembly supported within the enclosure for electrostatically recovering unfused toner from a print media surface. A toner development assembly is supported within the enclosure proximate the electrostatic toner recovery assembly and is configured to receive recovered toner from the electrostatic toner recovery assembly for reuse on the print media surface.

Toner processing systems and electronic display devices and methods

Electronic display devices and methods are described. In one embodiment, an electronic display device comprises a housing and a display area within the housing to display content for a user. Memory is provided within the housing to hold data that is to be rendered into user-viewable content. An electrophotographic assembly is provided within the housing and is configured to electrophotographically render user-viewable content from the data that is held in the memory. A loop of material is disposed proximate the electrophotographic assembly and is configured to receive electrophotographically rendered content and present the content for user viewing within the display area. The electrophotographic assembly can use black toner and the loop of material is selected to provide a black/white contrast when used in connection with the black toner. In one embodiment, the electrophotographic assembly can render content at at least 300 dots per inch (dpi) and better. The display device is desirably sized so that it is portable and includes a power source, e.g. one or more batteries, to facilitate its portability and use abroad. Printing is effectuated by advancing or moving the loop of material through the electrophotographic assembly and electrophotographically forming an image on the loop of material. Such can be accomplished by electrostatically attracting toner onto the loop of material sufficient to provide a viewable image. Advantageously, the toner can be held in place on the loop of material using only electrostatic forces thereby obviating the need to permanently fuse the toner to the material. After the image is displayed for the user, the toner can be reclaimed off of the loop of material for reuse in providing additional images.

A switching module having a switching circuit which achieves a relatively smooth turn-on conduction transition characteristic and a relatively low power consumption. A controlled transition circuit conducts current to between two of its three terminals when in a fully conductive state. The transition circuit transitions from a non-conductive state to the fully conductive state over a predetermined amount of time to limit the di/dt and the interference signals generated by the di/dt. A low forward voltage conduction circuit also conducts current to the load in a conductive state and diverts current to the transition circuit when in a non-conductive state. The conduction circuit creates a second predetermined voltage across the terminals when in the conductive state which is substantially less than the first predetermined voltage to reduce the power consumption.

Smooth switching module

A power control circuit achieves a relatively smooth turn-on conduction transition characteristic and a relatively low power consumption. A controlled transition circuit conducts current to a load when in a fully conductive state. The transition circuit transitions from a non-conductive state to the fully conductive state over a predetermined amount of time to limit the di/dt and the interference signals generated by the di/dt. A low forward voltage conduction circuit also conducts current to the load in a conductive state and diverts current to the transition circuit when in a non-conductive state. The conduction circuit creates a second predetermined voltage across the terminals when in the conductive state which is substantially less than the first predetermined voltage to reduce the power consumption.

Smooth switching power control circuit and method

A tool for cutting holes in metal provides a shank defining at one end an arbor releasably carrying a circularly annular cutter that defines teeth at each cutter end which may be sequentially used to extend cutter life without sharpening. The annular cutter defines a plurality of spirally arrayed, inwardly extending flutes and alternating outwardly extending lands on both inner and outer sides to provide cutting edges on both cutter sides at each end. The lands are formed with buttress type sides angulated ten to sixty degrees to a radius passing therethrough steeper spiral arrays of lands and grooves are arrayed in shallower spirals with an angle of up to seventy degrees to the axis of the cutter to allow thinner wall construction in my cutter than in prior cutters. The thinner cutter wall allows definition of more cutting teeth than would thicker walls and the cutter configuration allows definition of stronger, more efficient teeth without gullets. A species of the tool provides a medial support disk that is axially movable within the channel defined by the cutter to stiffen the cutter to allow still thinner wall construction.

Annular tool for cutting holes in metal

The illumination intensity of a fluorescent lamp is controlled in response to control signals generated at a remote location on the power supply conductors of a lamp circuit and decoding those control signals at the fluorescent lamp to control the illumination intensity. A dimming controller is connected in the lamp circuit remote from the lamp and generates first and second control signals indicative of a request to increase or decrease, respectively, the lamp illumination intensity. The control module is connected in the lamp circuit to fluorescent lamp and the control module receives the control signals. The control module continually increases and decreases the illumination intensity of the lamp in response to the first and second control signals, respectively. The illumination intensity is controlled by adjusting a time point within each half-cycle of applied power where the lamp is extinguished. A third control signal generated by the dimming controller and decoded by the control module ceases the adjustment in the extinguishing point.

Dimming control system and method for a fluorescent lamp

The cathodes of a fluorescent lamp are preheating and the medium between the cathodes is ignited into a plasma by heating the cathodes for a predetermined warm-up time period by conducting current from a supply power source through the cathodes for a conductive time interval, and applying a relatively high voltage starting pulse to the cathodes at the end of the conductive time interval or alternatively suppressing the high voltage starting pulse during the predetermined warm-up time period. Suppressing the high voltage starting pulse during the warm-up time period, thereby preventing erosion the thermionic coating of the cathodes due to positive ion bombardment. A controllable semiconductor switch is connected to the cathodes to control the current flow through them. The high voltage starting pulse is derived from commutating the semiconductor switch into a nonconductive state when the applied current level drops to the characteristic holding current value of the switch. The high voltage starting pulse is suppressed by triggering the semiconductor switch at the time when it would otherwise be commutating to the nonconductive state.

Preheating and starting circuit and method for a fluorescent lamp

A voltage-boosting and current-regulating circuit delivers energy from a high voltage resonant circuit source to a fluorescent lamp. A controllable switch is connected in series with the lamp cathodes and is triggered into conduction during a predetermined conductive time interval within each half-cycle of current conducted through the plasma from the resonant circuit. A charging current which flows during the conductive time interval stores energy in the resonant circuit which is subsequently released as a boosted voltage and as increased current flow through the plasma. The boosted voltage allows higher efficiency illumination lamps to the used, and regulation of the conductive time interval achieves the optimal current conduction through the lamp.

Resonant voltage-multiplication, current-regulating and ignition circuit

A control module and method controls the operation of a fluorescent lamp in a circuit in which the lamp is connected to a ballast and energized by alternating half-cycles of power supplied from an AC power source. The fluorescent lamp has cathodes and a medium which emits light energy when energized into a plasma. A controllable switch conducts half-cycles of AC current through the cathodes and commutates into a non-conductive condition. A sensor supplies sensing signals related to an electrical condition at the cathodes. A state transition controller controls the switch. The state transition controller establishes a power-up, warm-up, ignition and fire operational states and transitions between the states in response to the electrical condition sensed and the time duration of those conditions. The lamp lights more reliably, premature failure of the ballast and cathodes is prevented due to overheating, and the lamp is controlled effectively by input signals in the form of short power interruptions.

Automatic state tranition controller for a fluorescent lamp

A method of regulating an operating current conducted from a source through a fluorescent lamp involves conducting a charging current from the source through an energy storage element of a resonator circuit to store a predetermined different degree of energy in the element than is stored by conduction of the operating current, and then releasing the stored energy to regulate the operating current delivered to the plasma within the lamp. The conductive time interval during which charging current flows is adjusted to regulate the lamp current to an optimal level for the best illumination efficiency from the lamp and the longest useful lifetime of the lamp. The conductive time interval is adjusted based on the voltage across the plasma. The known negative impedance characteristics of the plasma correlate the sensed voltage to the lamp current conducted by the plasma, thereby allowing regulation of the lamp current to the desired optimal level.

Method of regulating lamp current through a fluorescent lamp by pulse

A starter for a fluorescent lamp selectively conducts current from an AC power source through a ballast and cathodes of the lamp during one half cycle of conducted current from the AC power source. Thereafter and during the same on half cycle of current the starter ceases conducting current substantially instantaneously when the current is of a predetermined level. The resulting di/dt generates a starting voltage pulse from the ballast sufficient to ignite the plasma. The starting pulse occurs when the AC voltage across the cathodes exceeds an ignition voltage of the plasma. Preferably the starter employs a thyristor which has a predetermined holding current at least equal to the predetermined level to allow the inherent commutation of the thyristor to create the di/dt. The current conducted by the thyristor heats the cathodes prior to igniting the plasma. A voltage sensing capability associated with the starter triggers the thyristor into conduction only when the voltage across the cathodes exceeds the ignition voltage of the plasma, which occurs when the fluorescent lamp is not lighted, and therefore automatically starts the lamp. Lamp dimming and programmable turn on and turn off conditions are easily effected by timing an ignition and extinguishing sequence.

Voltage-comparator, solid-state, current-switch starter for fluorescent

An incandescent lamp bulb which is driven by an electronic control module (ECM) and method of manufacture characterized in that an inductor comprising a magnetic element and a winding thereon is disposed within a screw shell base of the lamp bulb and surrounds the lamp exhaust tube therein. One end of the winding on the magnetic element is connected to a filament wire within the screw shell base and the other end of the inductive winding is connected to an output terminal of the ECM control module. In this manner, the inductor significantly reduces the di/dt rise time of voltage and current when a triac within the ECM module is driven to conduction on each one half cycle of the applied AC line voltage. This operation in turn produces a substantial reduction in radio frequency interference, both of radiation transmitted into space from the lamp bulb and by direct DC coupling back into the AC line voltage source. In a preferred embodiment, the di/dt rise time is calculated mathematically based on a Fourier series transformation of the current conducted through the filament by the triac.

Lamp bulb having integrated RFI suppression and method of restricting

An incandescent lamp bulb which is driven by an electronic control module (ECM) and method of manufacture characterized in that an inductor comprising a magnetic spool and a winding thereon is disposed within a screw shell base of the lamp bulb and surrounds the lamp exhaust tube therein. One end of the winding on the magnetic spool is connected to a filament wire within the screw shell base and the other end of the inductive winding is connected to an output terminal of the ECM control module. In this manner, the inductor significantly reduces the di/dt rise time of voltage and current when a TRIAC within the ECM module is driven to conduction on each one half cycle of the applied AC line voltage. This operation in turn produces a substantial reduction in radio frequency interference, both of radiation transmitted into space from the lamp bulb and by direct DC coupling back into the AC line voltage source. In a preferred embodiment, the TRIAC in the ECM is microprocessor-controlled in accordance with the above identified patented inventions.

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Eagle, ID, United States of America

Samuel A Johnson