King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals

Saudi Arabian Oil Company

Samir Barman

Wei Xu

Motaz Khawaji

Nestor Garcia Villalta

Fahad A Almalki

Ea Jaseer

E A Jaseer

Zainab Al-Mansaf

Nabil Al-Yassir

A method of acrylate salt production includes reacting ethylene gas in the presence of a metal precursor solution including a base, an additive, a metal precursor, a solvent and a ligand, in an autoclave, to form a metal complex intermediate solution. Further, COreacts with the metal complex intermediate solution to form an ester intermediate solution, which is reacted to form an acrylate salt product mixture. The acrylate salt is extracted thereafter. The COis reacted at a temperature in a range from 100° C. to 200° C., where the metal precursor is tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium(0) and the concentration of tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium(0) in the metal precursor solution is in a range from 0.0005M to 0.003M. The additive is sodium formate and the solvent is selected from the group consisting of N-cyclohexyl-2-pyrrolidone, tetrahydrofuran, and combinations thereof. The turnover number is greater than or equal to 100.

Catalytic method for acrylate production

Catalyst systems for tetramerizing ethylene to form 1-octene may include a catalyst which may include a chromium compound coordinated with a ligand and a co-catalyst which may include an organoaluminum compound. The ligand may have a chemical structure according to Chemical Structure (I), wherein Ris a (C-C) alkyl group, a (C-C) cyclohydrocarbyl group, a (C-C) cycloheterohydrocarbyl group, or a (C-C) aryl group, and R, R, R, R, R, R, R, R, R, R, R, R, R, R, R, and Rare independently chosen from a hydrogen atom, a (C-C) hydrocarbyl group, or a (C-C) heterohydrocarbyl group.

Catalyst systems that include meta-alkoxy substituted n-aryl bis-diphosphinoamine ligands

Catalyst systems for tetramerizing ethylene to form 1-octene may include a catalyst which may include a chromium compound coordinated with a ligand and a co-catalyst which may include an organoaluminum compound. The ligand may have a chemical structure according to Chemical Structure (I), wherein R, R, and Rare each independently chosen from a (C-C) hydrocarbyl group or a (C-C) heterohydrocarbyl group, and wherein the (C-C) hydrocarbyl or (C-C) heterohydrocarbyl groups of R, R, and Rhave greater than 10 carbon atoms combined and R, R, R, and Rand R, R, R, and R, are independently chosen from a hydrogen atom or a (C-C) hydrocarbyl group.

Catalyst systems that include silyl ether moieties

Catalyst systems suitable for tetramerizing ethylene to form 1-octene may include a catalyst including a chromium compound coordinated with a ligand and a co-catalyst including an organoaluminum compound. The ligand may have a chemical structure: (R)(R)A-X&#x2014;C(R)(R). A and C may be phosphorus. X may be B(R), Si(R), N(R), wherein Ris an aryl group substituted with a halogen, halogenated alkyl or a silyl group, and wherein B, or N, or Si is bound to A and C. R, R, R, and Rmay be independently chosen hydrocarbyl groups or heterohydrocarbyl groups.

Catalyst systems

Catalyst systems suitable for tetramerizing ethylene to form 1-octene may include a catalyst comprising a chromium compound coordinated with a ligand and a co-catalyst comprising an organoaluminum compound. The ligand may include have a chemical structure according to formula (I), wherein at least one of R, R, R, R, R, R, R, R, R, R, R, and Rhave the structure according to formula (II) wherein R, R, R, and Rand the remainder of R, R, R, R, R, R, R, R, R, R, R, and Rare independently chosen from a hydrogen or a (C-C) hydrocarbyl group.

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Dhahran, Saudi Arabia

Samir Barman