The British Petroleum Company, P.l.c.

Sami A Barri

Rabaab Tahir

Graham John Bratton

Dennis Young

Timothy K McNiff

Timothy D Naylor

William J Ball

Clive D Telford

Timothy De Villiers Naylor

David A Kidd

Philip Howard

David W Walker

Novel membranes comprise crystals of a zeo-type material carried by a porous support. The crystal growth of the zeo-type material is essentially continuous over the pores of the support and the zeo-type material is crystallized directly from and bonds directly to the support. Membranes may be prepared by immersing the support in a synthesis gel, crystallizing the gel, removing the support, and repeating these steps at least once.

Membranes

Supported zeo-type membrane

This invention relates to a process for restructuring an olefinic feedstock rich in linear olefins into a product olefin of narrower composition which is richer in branched olefins than the starting feedstock. Such restructuring is achieved by contacting the feedstock with an unmodified or partially modified tectometallosilicate of the Theta-1 type at relatively low temperatures. The product olefins are valuable as petrochemical feedstock for producing polyolefins, alcohols, ethers and other oxygenates, surfactants, alkyl aromatics and oligomers useful as gasoline blending components.

Restructuring of olefins

Process for the production of a membrane

Novel crystalline alumino silicates having the following composition in terms of the mole ratio of the oxides:

Process for making theta-1 zeolite

A process for the production of olefins which comprises passing an oxygenate-containing feedstock over a zeo type catalyst at a temperature greater than 200.degree. C. characterized in that the oxygenate-containing feedstock comprises C.sub.3 and/or C.sub.4 olefins and as oxygenate methanol formaldehyde and/or dimethylether, the molar ratio of olefin to oxygenate being greater than 1:20 and the zeo type catalyst being of TON-type structure.

Process for the preparation of branched olefins

A catalyst which comprises zinc, together with an effective amount of a platinum group metal on a support which is a material having the silicalite structure, the framework of said material consisting essentially of silicon and oxygen atoms or of silicon, zinc and oxygen atoms. There is also provided a process for the dehydrogenation of a C.sub.2 to C.sub.10 paraffin to yield an alkene product which process comprises contacting the paraffin under dehydrogenation conditions with a catalyst according to the invention.

Chemical process and catalyst

Process for dehydrogenation of C.sub.2 -C.sub.10 paraffin to yield

A catalyst which is substantially free of alkali and alkaline earth metals and comprises an effective amount of a platinum group metal on a silicalite support; characterised in that the catalyst also comprises tin. There is also provided a process for the dehydrogenation of a C.sub.2 to C.sub.10 paraffin to yield an alkene product, which comprises contacting the paraffin under dehydrogenation conditions with a catalyst according to the invention.

A crystalline material having, in the dehydrated form, the empirical formula:

Hydrocarbon/oxygenate conversion using crystalline (metallo) silicates

A catalyst which is substantially free of alkali and alkaline earth metals and comprises an effective amount of a platinum group metal on a silicalite support; characterized in that the catalyst also comprises tin. There is also provided a process for the dehydrogenation of a C.sub.2 to C.sub.10 paraffin to yield an alkene product, which comprises contacting the paraffin under dehydrogenation conditions with a catalyst according to the invention.

Alkanes are dehydrogenated to alkenes, for example n-butane to n-butenes by contact with a catalyst comprising a silicalite and a platinum group metal the catalyst being substantially free of alkali and alkaline earth metals. The selectivity of the product to butenes is improved by either presulphiding the catalyst or by passing a minor amount of a sulphur-containing compound with the alkane feed. The catalyst can be prepared by either forming the silicalite in the presence of the platinum group metal or alternatively contacting preformed silicalite with a solution of a platinum group metal.

Sulphided platinum group metal-silicalite dehydrogenation catalysts

This invention relates to a process for selective dealumination, particularly surface dealumination of zeolites by sequential ion-exchange and calcination. The process is selective in the sense that the aluminium atoms within the pore structure of the zeolite remain virtually intact. The surface dealuminated zeolites can be used, after loading with a gallium compound, as catalysts in hydrocarbon conversion reactions.

Selective dealumination of zeolites

This invention relates to a process for selective dealumination, particularly surface dealumination of zeolites by sequential ion-exchange and calcination. The process is selective in the sense that the aluminum atoms within the pore structure of the zeolite remain virtually intact. The surface dealuminated zeolites can be used, after loading with a gallium compound, as catalysts in hydrocarbon conversion reactions.

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Berkshire, United Kingdom

Sami A Barri