Kyocera Document Solutions Inc.

Yanmar Co., Ltd.

Fuji Electric Co., Ltd.

Yanmar Power Technology Co., Inc.

Ryota Kobayashi

Tetsuya Yokoyama

Masami Tsujihiro

Tsuyoshi Inoue

Naruo Yabe

Takeshi Arakawa

Yoshinori Fukui

Takeo Mizobe

Masanori Sugahara

Shunji Hamaoka

Yusuke Washino

Kenya Onishi

Jun Hioki

Yasuyuki Takahata

Hideharu Hori

Kozo Akao

Arata Hayata

Seita Akimoto

Keiichi Tsujimoto

Kazuki Ono

Yusuke Oda

Michiyasu Okada

Ryouichi Higashi

Kazuki Hirai

A toner includes toner particles. The toner particles each include a toner mother particle containing a binder resin and an external additive attached to a surface of the toner mother particle. The external additive includes fluorine-containing particles. The fluorine-containing particles include a fluorine atom at least in surface layers thereof. The amount of the fluorine-containing particles is at least 0.10 parts by mass and no greater than 0.50 parts by mass relative to 100 parts by mass of the toner mother particles. When ultrasonication is performed, a residual amount ratio of remaining fluorine-containing particles is at least 0% by mass and no greater than 20% by mass relative to the amount of the fluorine-containing particles attached to the toner mother particles before the ultrasonication.

Toner, image forming apparatus, and image formation method

A toner includes toner particles. The toner particles each include a toner mother particle and an external additive attached to the surface of the toner mother particle. The external additive includes specific external additive particles. The specific external additive particles have a number average primary particle diameter of at least 30 nm and no greater than 305 nm. The specific external additive particles include antimony-doped tin oxide particles or indium tin oxide particles. A ratio (M/(M+M)) of a mass (M) of an antimony atom to a total of the mass (M) of the antimony atom and a mass (M) of a tin atom in the antimony-doped tin oxide particles is at least 0.04 and no greater than 0.46.

Toner

A pale-color toner includes toner particles. The toner particles each include a toner mother particle and an external additive attached to a surface of the toner mother particle. The external additive includes specific external additive particles. The specific external additive particles have a number average primary particle diameter of at least 30 nm and no greater than 305 nm. The specific external additive particles include antimony-doped tin oxide particles. A ratio (M/(M+M)) of a mass (M) of an antimony atom to a total of the mass (M) of the antimony atom and a mass (M) of a tin atom in the antimony-doped tin oxide particles is at least 0.04 and no greater than 0.31.

Pale-color toner

A two-component developer includes a toner including toner particles and a carrier including carrier particles. The toner particles each include a toner mother particle and an external additive attached to a surface of the toner mother particle. The external additive includes external additive particles. The external additive particles each include a base containing strontium titanate, a conductive layer covering the base, and a surface treatment layer either directly or indirectly covering the conductive layer. The surface treated layer contains a component derived from a hydrophobizing agent.

Two-component developer

A toner contains toner particles. The toner particles each include a toner mother particle containing a binder resin and an external additive attached to a surface of the toner mother particle. The external additive contains titanate compound particles doped with lanthanum and a group 5 element in the periodic table as external additive particles. The amount of the lanthanum is at least 1.50% by mass relative to the total mass of the titanate compound particles. The amount of the group 5 element in the periodic table is at least 0.01% by mass and no greater than 0.60% by mass relative to the total mass of the titanate compound particles.

An exhaust gas purifier including a casing, SCR catalysts (comprising a first SCR catalyst and a second SCR catalyst), a first backflow prevention plate, and a second backflow prevention plate. In the casing, at least a part of the catalyst passage and at least a part of the bypass passage are formed. The SCR catalysts are disposed in the catalyst passage and selectively reduce NOx included in an exhaust gas flowing in the catalyst passage. The first backflow prevention plate prevents or reduces a backflow of an exhaust gas from a second exhaust passage to the catalyst passage.

Exhaust gas purifier

An exhaust gas purification device for a ship including: a main path communicated with outside and a bypass path branching off from a midway portion of the main path, each of the paths serving as an exhaust gas path of an engine to be mounted in the ship. A partition plate, by which the main and bypass paths are partitioned from the upstream side to the downstream side in an exhaust gas traveling direction, extends along the exhaust gas traveling direction. The partition plate has a downstream end extended through between an exhaust gas outflow port of the purification casing and an exhaust gas outlet of the main path, and the downstream end is formed with an opening to serve as a reverse-flow prevention plate.

Exhaust gas purification device for ship

A gas concentration measuring device including a light emitter and a light receiver which are disposed so as to be opposed to each other with a hollow tube-like measurement pipe interposed therebetween. The device is configured to measure concentration of target gas passing through the measurement pipe using light applied from the light emitter, transmitted through the inside of the measurement pipe, and received by the light receiver. Purge gas guide pipes through which purge gas is introduced into optical systems of the light emitter and the light receiver are connected to a side wall of the measurement pipe. The measurement pipe includes a gas entrance portion having a tapered shape widening from a gas supply port toward a downstream side thereof.

Gas concentration measuring device

A catalytic reactor including: catalytic cassettes each including a catalyst part configured to reduce NOx in exhaust gas and an outer peripheral part made of a frame covering side surfaces of the catalyst part; and a lattice frame on which the catalytic cassettes are placed. The lattice frame includes a plurality of inflow holes through which exhaust gas flows into the catalyst parts and a plurality of frame parts which defines the respective plurality of inflow holes. The outer peripheral part of each of the catalytic cassettes is positioned so that the outer peripheral part is accommodated in a respective one of the frame parts.

Catalytic reactor and ship provided with same

An exhaust gas purification device including: a spray nozzle provided in an exhaust pipe of an engine; a mixer provided downstream of the spray nozzle in a flow direction of exhaust gas; and a catalyst reactor provided downstream of the mixer. The exhaust gas purification device is configured to spray a reducing agent from the urea water spray nozzle to the exhaust gas from the engine, to mix the reducing agent with the exhaust gas in the mixer, and to reduce nitrogen oxides in the exhaust gas using the catalyst reactor. The mixer includes a cylindrical body and a plurality of fins arranged in the cylindrical body radially outward with respect to the axis of the cylindrical body. The upstream portion of each fin is shaped to provide a cutoff portion.

Exhaust gas purification device

A positively chargeable toner includes toner particles. The toner particles each include a toner mother particle and an external additive attached to a surface of the toner mother particle. The external additive includes external additive particles each including a silica base and a coat layer covering the silica base. The coat layer contains lanthanum atoms. The coat layer has a surface having hydrophobicity.

Positively chargeable toner

A two-component developer includes a toner and a carrier. The toner is a positively chargeable toner that is positively charged by friction with the carrier. The toner includes a plurality of toner particles each including a toner mother particle and a plurality of first resin particles. An anionic surfactant having higher negative chargeability than the first resin particles is present on surfaces of the first resin particles. The carrier includes a plurality of carrier particles each including a carrier mother particle and a plurality of second resin particles. A cationic surfactant having higher positive chargeability than the second resin particles is present on surfaces of the second resin particles. The first resin particles have a zeta potential lower than 0 mV at a pH of 5. The second resin particles have a zeta potential higher than 0 mV at a pH of 5.

A toner includes toner particles. The toner particles each include a toner core, silica particles located on a surface of the toner core, and a shell layer disposed over the surface of the toner core on which the silica particles are located. For at least 80% by number of the toner particles, along at least 80% of a circumferential length of a cross-section of the toner particle when the cross-section is analyzed by EELS, the shell layer has a thickness of at least 5 nm and satisfies a condition that a ratio of an intensity INc relative to an intensity INs is at least 0.0 and no greater than 0.2. The intensity INs indicates intensity of an N&#x2014;K shell absorption-edge originating from nitrogen atoms in the shell layer. The intensity INc indicates intensity of an N&#x2014;K shell absorption-edge originating from nitrogen atoms in the toner core.

An electrostatic latent image developing toner includes toner particles that each include a toner core and a shell layer disposed over a surface of the toner core. The shell layer contains a hydrophobic thermoplastic resin and a hydrophilic thermosetting resin. The hydrophobic thermoplastic resin is contained in an amount of no less than 0.2% by mass and no greater than 4.7% by mass relative to mass of the toner particles. The hydrophilic thermosetting resin is contained in an amount of no less than 0.01% by mass and no greater than 0.71% by mass relative to mass of the toner particles. The hydrophobic thermoplastic resin is exposed at a surface of each of the toner particles.

Electrostatic latent image developing toner

An electrostatic latent image developing toner includes toner particles that each include a toner core and a shell layer disposed over a surface of the toner core. The shell layer contains a first shell resin and a second shell resin. The first shell resin is a hydrophilic thermoplastic resin, a hydrophobic thermoplastic resin, or a hydrophobic thermosetting resin. The second shell resin is a hydrophilic thermosetting resin. The first shell resin includes a repeating unit having an alcoholic hydroxyl group.

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Osaka, Japan

Ryota Kobayashi