Union Carbide Corporation

Russell L Kreeger

Donald R Kelsey

George L Brode

Errol D Goddard

David B Braun

Frederick Maynard Merritt, Ii

Water-soluble, cationic polysaccharides, including quaternary nitrogen-containing cellulose ethers, containing hydrophobic substitution, are substantially water-soluble; provide aqueous solutions having enhanced viscosity, foaming and preferably improved surface properties; and possess utility in personal care, emulsions and cleansers.

Hydrophobe substituted, water-soluble cationic polysaccharides

The catalyst activity in the Friedel-Crafts alkylation of aromatic compounds or the transalkylation of monoalkyl or polyalkyl aromatic compounds is increased by the addition of gaseous hydrogen halide directly to the catalyzed alkylation or transalkylation reaction mixture.

Method for increasing the activity of Friedel-Crafts catalyst

Described herein is a process for flocculating an aqueous suspension of finely divided particles which comprises treating the suspension with an effective amount of a water-soluble graft copolymer to achieve the desired degree of flocculation of said particles, said water soluble graft copolymer being comprised of polymeric units characterized by the general formula: ##STR1## wherein n, y and z represent the relative molar equivalent fractions of each of the respective polymeric units in the graft copolymer, the sum of n, y and z being 1.0, the value of n varying from 0.00 to 0.99, the value of y varying from 0.00 to 0.99 and the value of z varying from 0.01 to 0.99; q is an integer greater than 1; A is the unit derived from at least one difunctional amine selected from the group consisting of primary amines and di(secondary)amines; t is an integer varying from 1 to 2; E is the unit obtained from a compound selected from the group consisting of epihalohydrins and diepoxides after its reaction with said difunctional amine; R is an organic radical derived from a quaternizing agent having the general formula RX, where X is the residual counter ion formed after quaternization; B is the unit derived from an organic dihalide having the general formula BY.sub.2, where Y is Cl.sup.-, Br.sup.- or l.sup.- with the proviso that such halogens are not attached to the same carbon atom; and C is the unit derived from an organic di(tertiary)amine after its reaction with said organic dihalide.

Process for flocculating an aqueous suspension of particles with

This invention relates to quaternary ammonium graft copolymers comprised of polymeric units characterized by the general formula: ##STR1## wherein n, y and z represent the relative molar equivalent fractions of each of the respective polymeric units in the graft copolymer, the sum of n, y and z being 1.0, the value of n varying from 0.00 to 0.99, the value of y varying from 0.00 to 0.99 and the value of z varying from 0.01 to 0.99; q is an integer greater than 1; A is the unit derived from at least one difunctional amine selected from the group consisting of primary amines and di(secondary)amines; t is an integer varying from 1 to 2; E is the unit obtained from a compound selected from the group consisting of epihalohydrins and diepoxides after its reaction with said difunctional amine; R is an organic radical derived from a quaternizing agent having the general formula RX, where X is the residual counter ion formed after quaternization; B is the unit derived from an organic dihalide having the general formula BY.sub.2, where Y is Cl.sup.-,Br.sup.- or I.sup.- with the proviso that such halogens are not attached to the same carbon atom; and C is the unit derived from an organic di(tertiary)amine after its reaction with said organic dihalide. There is also described herein processes for the manufacture and use of such graft copolymers.

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Hillsborough, NJ, United States of America

Russell L Kreeger