University of Notre Dame Du Lac

Rusen Yan

Debdeep Jena

Huili (Grace) Xing

Michelle M Kelly

Berardi Sensale-Rodriguez

Tian Fang

Lei Liu

A wave amplitude modulator for modulating a transmitted electromagnetic wave includes one or multiple self-gated capacitively coupled pair(s) of electron layers such as semiconductor or semimetal layers. Two electrical contacts are placed to each layer of electrons of the self-gated pair(s), and a power source is electrically connected to them. The power source, by varying the voltage applied between layers of electrons, tunes the electron density thereof, thereby adjusting the optical conductivity thereof, and the change in the optical conductivity of the layers of electrons causes an amplitude modulation of the transmitted electromagnetic wave passing through the capacitively coupled layers of electrons.

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Mishawaka, IN, United States of America

Rusen Yan