Other

Sulphco, Inc.

Clean Fuels Technology, Inc.

Talisman Capital Talon Fund, Ltd.

Gunnerman, Rudolf W.

Gunnerman, Peter W.

Rudolf W Gunnerman

Peter W Gunnerman

Jack Lawrence Waldron

Patrick Grimes

Vaughn M Moncrieff

Charles I Richman

Jason Michael May

William A Farone

A method for manufacturing an emulsifier package is disclosed. The method comprises blending a flow of fuel soluble product, a flow of stabilizer, and a flow of water in a mixing vessel to form a mixture. Mixing the mixture in the mixing vessel and recirculating the mixture through the mixing vessel. Lastly, shearing the mixture with a shearing device at a rate of about 27,500 shears per second to about 87,500 shears per second. A method for manufacturing an aqueous fuel emulsion is also disclosed.

Method for manufacturing an emulsified fuel

Crude oil is reacted with a methane-containing gas in a process wherein the gas is fed to a reaction vessel to contact both the crude oil and a metallic catalyst grid that is formed from windings of a transition metal supported on an iron frame immersed in a liquid petroleum fraction, at a moderate temperature to produce a gaseous reaction product which is condensed to form an upgraded mixture of hydrocarbons with a variety of uses, including serving as an additive to crude oil for transport purposes.

Non-fractionation process for production of low-boiling fuel from crude oil

Biogases such as natural gas and other gases capable of being biologically derived by digestion of organic matter are converted to a clean-burning hydrocarbon liquid fuel in a continuous process wherein a biogas is fed to a reaction vessel where the biogas contacts a liquid petroleum fraction and a transition metal catalyst immersed in the liquid, vaporized product gas is drawn from a vapor space above the liquid level, condensed, and fed to a product vessel where condensate is separated from uncondensed gas and drawn off as the liquid product fuel as uncondensed gas is recycled to the reaction vessel.

Continuous process and plant design for conversion of biogas to liquid fuel

Biogas is converted to a liquid fuel by passing the biogas through a liquid reaction medium that contains a petroleum fraction in the presence of a transition metal catalyst, and doing so at an elevated but non-boiling temperature.

Conversion of biogas to liquid fuels

A methane-containing gas such as natural gas is converted to a clean-burning hydrocarbon liquid fuel in a process wherein the gas is fed to a reaction vessel to contact a metallic catalyst grid that is formed from windings of a transition metal supported on an iron frame immersed in a liquid petroleum fraction, in such a manner that a voltage is generated in the grid between the windings and the frame. Product gas in the vapor phase is drawn from the head space above the liquid level and condensed to form the product fuel.

Liquid hydrocarbon fuel from methane assisted by spontaneously generated voltage

Liquids are treated by ultrasound in a flow-through reaction vessel with an elongate ultrasonic horn mounted to the vessel with one end of the horn extending into the vessel interior. The liquid flow path inside the vessel is such that the entering liquid strikes the end of the horn at a direction normal to the end, then flows across the surface of the end before leaving the vessel. The end surface of the horn is positioned in close proximity to the entry port to provide a relatively high surface-to-volume ratio in the immediate vicinity of the horn end. In a further improvement, the horn is joined to an ultrasonic transducer through a booster block that provides an acoustic gain to the ultrasonic vibrations, and the booster block is plated with a reflective metal to lessen any loss of ultrasonic energy being transmitted to the horn.

High-throughput continuous-flow ultrasound reactor

The present invention is directed to a high-powered (e.g., &#x3e;500 W) ultrasonic generator for use especially for delivering high-power ultrasonic energy to a varying load including compressible fluids. The generator includes a variable frequency triangular waveform generator coupled with pulse width modulators. The output from the pulse width modulator is coupled with the gates of an Isolated Gate Bipolar Transistor (IGBT), which amplifies the signal and delivers it to a coil that is used to drive a magnetostrictive transducer. In one embodiment, high voltage of 0-600 VDC is delivered across the collector and emitter of the IGBT after the signal is delivered. The output of the IGBT is a square waveform with a voltage of +/&#x2212;600V. This voltage is sent to a coil wound around the ultrasonic transducer. The voltage creates a magnetic field on the transducer and the magnetorestrictive properties of the transducer cause the transducer to vibrate as a result of the magnetic field. The use of the IGBT as the amplifying device obviates the need for a Silicon Controlled Rectifier (SCR) circuit, which is typically used in low powered ultrasonic transducers, and which would get overheated and fail in such a high-powered and load-varying application.

Power driving circuit for controlling a variable load ultrasonic transducer

Petroleum residua are combined with water or an aqueous solution to form an emulsion which is then treated with ultrasound at a sufficient intensity and for a sufficient period of time to cause a conversion of the heavy hydrocarbon components of the residua to lighter components, thereby shifting the entire boiling point curve to lower boiling points. This allows one to draw a greater proportion of usable oil from the residua.

Conversion of petroleum resid to usable oils with ultrasound

Ultrasound for use in chemical reactions is generated by an electromagnet formed from an ultrasound transducer whose central feature is a loop of magnetostrictive material wound with coils oriented to produce an oscillating magnetostrictive force when an oscillating voltage is applied. The oscillations in the transducer loop are transmitted to an ultrasonic horn that is immersed in a reaction medium where the ultrasonic vibrations are transmitted directly to the reaction mixture.

Loop-shaped ultrasound generator and use in reaction systems

Ultrasound for use in promoting a chemical reaction is generated by an electromagnet formed from a pair of magnetostrictive prongs wound with coils that are oriented to produce an oscillating magnetostrictive force when an oscillating voltage is applied, in conjunction with a sensing electromagnet of magnetostrictive material that is arranged to receive the vibrations generated by the driving electromagnet and produce internal magnetic field changes due to the reverse magnetostrictive effect. These field changes generate voltages that are representative of the amplitude of the oscillating magnetostrictive force. The generated voltage is compared to a target value in a control circuit that adjusts the applied oscillating voltage accordingly. The oscillations in the prongs of the electromagnet are transmitted to an ultrasonic horn that is immersed in the reaction medium to provide direct contact with the reaction mixture.

High-power ultrasound generator and use in chemical reactions

Fossil fuels are combined with an aqueous liquid and a dialkyl ether to form an aqueous-organic reaction medium which is passed through an ultrasound chamber on a continuous flow-through basis. The emerging mixture separates spontaneously into aqueous and organic phases, from which the organic phase is readily isolated as the desulfurized fossil fuel.

Ultrasound-assisted desulfurization of fossil fuels in the presence of dialkyl ethers

Ultrasonic horns of titanium are made corrosion resistant in aqueous media by the providing the horns with a silver end surface, either as a portion of the end surface or as the entire end surface.

Growing community of inventors

Reno, NV, United States of America

Rudolf W Gunnerman