Wacker-chemie Gmbh

Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft

Degussa Aktiengesellschaft

Rudolf Strasser

Ludwig Schmidhammer

Gerhard Dummer

Klaus Haselwarter

Hermann Klaus

Peter Hirschmann

Helmut Spork

Johann Waas

Klaus Deller

Gunter Roscher

Helmfried Krause

Rudolf Riedle

Dominik Dempf

Karl-Heinz Schmidt

Eduard Pichl

Klaus Blum

Wolfgang Jacques

Franz Haunberger

Ernst Selbertinger

Herbert Patsch

The use of hitherto known supported catalysts in chlorination processes and oxychlorination processes leads to high pressure drops and to the formation of hot spot temperatures in the reactor. When honeycomb monolithic catalyst supports provided with a multiplicity of channels open at both ends and parallel to the longitudinal axis are used, both the heat dissipation is improved and the pressure drops across the reactor are lowered drastically. This leads ultimately to an increase in the selectivity of the reaction and to a minimization of the combustion rate.

Chlorination reactions and oxychlorination reactions in the presence of

In a process for the purification of hydrogen chloride from the pyrolysis of 1,2-dichloroethane, optionally after a preceding step of acetylene removal by selective hydrogenation under specific conditions followed by rectification of the resulting mixture to obtain hydrogen chloride containing at most 5 ppm of unsaturated hydrocarbons and at most 5 ppm of chlorinated hydrocarbons.

Process for purification of HCl from pyrolysis of EDC

In a method of treating the reaction product of pyrolysis of 1,2-dichloroethane to form vinyl chloride and hydrogen chloride with multiple stage cooling and distillation separation of the reaction product and recycle of unreacted 1,2-dichloroethane to the pyrolysis step, the improvement comprising direct cooling of the reaction product immediately after leaving the pyrolysis step, within 1 sec from a temperature range of 480.degree. to 540.degree. C. down to 150.degree. to 250.degree. C., charging the cooled product into a quench column, recovering the vapors from the head of the quench column and indirectly cooling the same by heat exchange to at least its condensation point, the heat exchange media being at least one member of the group consisting of (a) 1,2-dichloroethane to be fed in heated condition to the pyrolysis unit, (b) air used as combustion air to fire the pyrolysis zone, (c) the sump of the hydrogen chloride column as defined above, (d) liquid hydrogene chloride to be evaporated and, (e) water, to dissipate heat not used within the measures according to the present invention.

Heat recovery in production of vinyl chloride by pyrolysis of

An improved method of producing vinyl chloride by pyrolysis of purified 1,2-dichloroethane at temperatures from 480.degree. C. to 540.degree. C. at a pressure of 10 to 36 bar absolute with partial utilization of the heat content of the flue gases from the pyrolysis furnace firing to preheat liquid 1,2-dichloroethane almost to its boiling temperature utilizing the flue gas waste heat to generate steam, cool the pyrolysis gas mixture in several stages and separate the hydrogen chloride from the pyrolysis gas mix in a hydrogen chloride column as well as separate vinyl chloride from the pyrolysis gas mix in a vinyl chloride monomer column.

Vinyl chloride production

In a process for preparation of 1,2-dichloroethane by chlorination of ethylene-containing reaction vent gases from the oxychlorination of ethylene in the presence of a catalyst carrier impregnated with metal compounds wherein the waste from the oxychlorination stage are chlorinated, the improvement comprising preheating the ethylene-containing waste gases to at least 50.degree. C. and then chlorinating the ethylene at 100.degree. to 300.degree. C. at a pressure of 1 to 7 bar with a space velocity of 100 to 5000 h.sup.-1 related to standard conditions in the presence of at least one metal compound selected from the group consisting of chlorides and oxides of manganese, nickel and cobalt supported on a catalyst carrier with reduced formation of oxychlorinated by-products.

Process for oxychlorination of ethylene

An improved process for the preparation of vinyl chloride from 1,2-dichloroethane (EDC) wherein 0.10 to 0.15 % by weight of carbon tetrachloride based on EDC, is used as a cracking promoter and the CHCl.sub.3 content is limited to less than 200 ppm. Before being fed to the cracking zone, the EDC is brought almost to the boiling point at 15 to 31 bar and then expanded to 10 to 16 bar with flashing EDC vapors and the fraction which has remained liquid is vaporized externally, and the combined EDC gas streams are heated, after being fed into the cracking furnaces, so that the energy required for cracking is already supplied in the first 75 to 85% of the reaction zone, whereby a conversion of 60 to 70% is obtained at residence time from 10 to 25 seconds and the exit temperature from the reaction zone is 485.degree. to 510.degree. C.

Process for thermal cracking of 1,2-dichloroethane to form vinyl chloride

A process of upgrading hydrogen chloride which contains chlorine, iron-III-chloride, acetylene and/or ethylene, for use in an oxichlorination process, wherein water in a gaseous state is added to the hydrogen chloride at temperatures between 120.degree. and 180.degree. C. within a time period of maximally 0.9 seconds after the acetylene and/or ethylene is present in the hydrogen chloride, together with chlorine and iron-III-chloride.

Process for upgrading hydrogen chloride containing chlorine,

A process for the work-up of chlorination residues by dissolving the same at temperatures between 100.degree. and 180.degree. C. in chlorine- and oxygen-containing hydrocarbons having a ratio by weight of hydrogen to chlorine of 0.028-0.06:1, a ratio by weight of oxygen:carbon of 0.0038-0.0089:1, and an atomic ratio of carbon:hydrogen of 1:1.1-1.9 and/or in hydrocarbons, boiling between 160.degree. and 380.degree. C. at one bar abs. and having an atomic ratio carbon:hydrogen of 1:1.85-2.0 so as to obtain a liquid preparation having a ratio by weight of hydrogen:chlorine of 0.028-0.05:1.

Process for the work-up of residues of chlorination

A method for preparing hydrogen chloride resulting from chlorination reactions for use in the ethyleneoxichlorination process by reacting the chlorine contained in the hydrogen chloride with ethylene in the gaseous phase in the presence of carrier catalysts based on an iron-free transition metal chloride having an activity profile which increases in the flow direction, while maintaining the space-flow rates relatively high and the residence time of the gas in the reactor short. After discharge of the reaction product from the reactor the product is subjected to partial condensation advantageously performed in several steps.

Method for preparing hydrogen chloride for the ethyleneoxichlorination

An improved process for the removal of acetylene from a hydrogen chloride stream in which the acetylene is converted to vinyl chloride by contact with a hydrochlorination catalyst, the improvement comprising, prior to contacting the stream with the hydrochlorination catalyst, contacting said stream with a catalyst comprising a noble metal, preferably of the platinum group, or salt or oxide thereof, supported or unsupported, at a temperature of between about 50.degree. and about 200.degree. C. and a pressure between about 8 and about 20 bar absolute.

Removal of acetylene from products of 1,2-dichloroethane pyrolysis

The invention relates to supported catalysts based on a palladium(II) salt and activated carbon, there being used, as the support material, activated carbon having an analytical SiO.sub.2 content of from 0.5 to 8% by weight. The catalysts according to the invention are used for reacting carboxylic acids with alkenyl esters of lower carboxylic acids.

Process for the manufacture of palladium(II) catalyst and for the

The invention relates to a process for the manufacture of unsaturated carboxylic acid esters by the reaction of olefins or cyclo-olefins with oxygen and carboxylic acids in the gaseous phase, in the presence of a catalyst which contains elements of the subsidiary group VIII of the periodic system and/or compounds thereof, and an alkali metal acetate, at temperatures of from 100.degree. to 250.degree. C. and pressures of from 0.5 to 21 bar absolute, wherein from 1 to 8000 parts per million (by weight), calculated on the carboxylic acid used, of organic chlorine compounds are added to the reaction mixture.

Process for the manufacture of unsaturated carboxylic acid esters

A water-miscible organic solvent is recovered from a mixture containing the solvent and water by adding an inert compound which is immiscible with the water and has a vapor pressure of no more than 5 mm Hg (abs.) at 100.degree. C. to the mixture and thereafter distilling off the organic solvent.

Process for recovering water-miscible solvents

An improved process for preparing organosiloxanes and alkyl halides by passing organohalosilanes and alkanols having 1 and/or 2 carbon atoms through at least one layer of packing material which is maintained at a temperature of from 60.degree. to 150.degree. C, the improvement which comprises (1) recycling from 1 to 6 liters of an aqueous phase separated from the organosiloxanes emerging from the layer or layers of packing material for each mol of organohalosilane introduced into the layer or layers of packing material and (2) reacting the organosiloxane separated from the aqueous phase with from 2 to 10 percent by weight based on the weight of the organosiloxane with the same organohalosilane which is passed through the layer or layers of packing material.

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Burghausen, Germany

Rudolf Strasser