Siemens Aktiengesellschaft

Seimens Aktiengesellschaft

Rudolf Kral

Joachim Franke

Eberhard Wittchow

Frank Thomas

Martin Effert

Jan Brückner

Wolfgang Kohler

Andre Schrief

Josef Pulec

Axel Butterlin

G&uuml;nter Kallina

Dieter Schiesser

Jan BRÜCKNER

A method for starting a continuous steam generator is provided. The steam generator includes a combustion chamber provided with a plurality of burners, a water-steam separation device that is mounted downstream of evaporator tubes of the water-steam separation device on a flow-medium side. The amount of water flowing into the water-steam separation device during a starting process is kept to a minimum. The firing power of at least one of the burners is adjusted in accordance with a filling level characteristic value of the water-steam separation device.

Method for starting a continuous steam generator

The invention relates to a steam generator wherein a continuous heating panel of a generator, which is formed from a number of evaporator tubes, and an overheating panel, which is formed from a number of over-heating tubes which are arranged downstream from the evaporator tubes and on the flow side, are arranged in a heating gas channel. According to the invention, a water separating element is integrated into a number of over-flow tubes which are connected on the flow side of one of several evaporator tubes to one or several overheating tubes.

Steam generator

The invention relates to a continuous steam generator comprising a surrounding wall which forms a gas draught and whose lower section is configured from gas-tight evaporator tubes that are welded together and whose upper section is configured from gas-tight superheater tubes that are welded together. According to the invention, superheater tubes are connected downstream of the evaporator tubes on the flow medium side by means of a water separator system. The aim of the invention is to provide a system with particularly high degree of operational flexibility even in the start-up and off-peak periods, while keeping the production and installation expenditure relatively low. To achieve this, the water separator system comprises a large number of water separator elements, each of which is connected downstream or upstream of less than ten evaporator tubes, preferably one tube and/or less than ten superheater tubes, preferably one tube on the flow medium side.

Continuous steam generator

The invention relates to a fossil-energy heated continuous steam generator, whereby the at least one combustion chamber, viewed in the flow direction of the hot gases, is divided into at least two throughflow segments, formed by evaporator heating surfaces, whereby the evaporator heating surfaces each comprise steam generation tubes welded to each other in a gastight manner and pressurized in parallel with a flow medium. According to the invention, said generator is suitable for operation with high fresh steam parameters, such as for example, steam temperatures of approximately 700&#xb0; C., with a simple construction and particularly simple assembly, whereby a throughflow segment, arranged after the first through flow segment, viewed in the direction of flow of the hot gases, forms the first evaporator stage for the flow medium, such that the injection of particularly cold flow medium can occur in the region of maximum heating.

Fossil-fuel heated continuous steam generator

The invention relates to a steam generator whose continuously heating evaporator surface is arranged in a hot gas channel for a hot gas passage in a substantially horizontal direction and which comprises a plurality of steam generating pipes passed through by flowing medium, wherein a plurality of output collectors which are mounted downstream of certain steam generating pipes, on the side of flowing medium, are oriented in the longitudinal direction thereof substantially parallel to the hot gas direction. The invention improves the steam generator such that it is possible to attain a high operational flexibility, a particularly reduced start- and load-alternation time, including starting operation or light load phases and to maintain a low-cost production. Each output collector comprises an integrated water separating element by means of which said collector is connected, on the side of flowing medium, to a plurality of downstream arranged overheating pipes of an overheating surface.

Steam generator in horizontal constructional form

The invention relates to a process for operating a continuous steam generator. The aim of the invention is to provide, with little technical complexity and for any operating state, a synchronous variation of the feed-water mass flow passing through the evaporator heating surface and of the heat input into the evaporator heating surface. To this end, a regulating device for the discharge of feed-water is allocated to a device for adjusting the feed-water mass flow. The control variable of said regulating device is the feed-water mass flow, while its set-point value in relation to the feed-water mass flow depends on the set-point value associated to the power of the steam generator. The actual value of the feed-water density at the entry of the pre-heater is fed to the regulating device for the discharge of feed-water as one of the input values.

Process for operating a continuous steam generator

The invention relates to a continuous steam generator provided with an evaporator through flow heating surface which is disposed in a heating gas channel which can be cross flown in an approximately vertical manner in a heating gas device, said evaporator through flow heating surface comprising a plurality of parallel connected steam generating pipes enabling a flow medium to flow through, and an overheating heating surface which is arranged downstream from the evaporator through flow heating surface comprising a plurality of parallel connected overheating pipes enabling the evaporated flow medium to flow through, also enabling production and operational costs to be reduced and enabling the temperature of the steam on the outlet of the overheating heating surface to be controlled in a comparatively simple and flexible manner. The steam end-point of the flow medium is displaced to the overheating pipe, if required. The continuous heating surfaces and the overheating heating surfaces are combined to form one functional unit such that the overheating heating surface can be used as a steam heating surface in a continuous steam generator which is particularly suitable for carrying out said method.

Method for starting a continuous steam generator and continuous steam generator for carrying out said method

A steam generator comprising a combustion chamber having funnel-shaped side walls in the bottom area thereof and an encircling wall formed from a plurality of steam generator pipes through which a flow medium can flow, wherein there area as little temperature differences as possible in the flow medium at the output of the steam generator pies. The steam generator pipes are, more particularly, arranged in the lower section forming the funnel-shaped side walls such that they are exposed to heat in as homongenous a manner as possible. According to the invention, the diameter of a number of steam generator pipes in the region of the funnel shaped side walls is different from that in the region of the encircling wall.

Disclosed is a steam generator in which a continuous evaporating heating area is disposed within a heating gas duct that is penetrated in a nearly horizontal direction by a heating gas. Said continuous evaporating heating area comprises a number of steam-generating pipes that are connected in parallel and are penetrated by a flowing medium and is configured such that a steam-generating pipe which is heated more than another steam-generating pipe of the same continuous evaporating heating area has a higher throughput of the flowing medium than said other steam-generating pipe. The aim of the invention is to create a steam generator which provides a particularly high degree of stability of flow during operation of the continuous evaporating heating area while keeping the structural complexity and design comparatively simple. Said aim is achieved by means of a discharge collector which is mounted downstream of the steam-generating pipes of the continuous evaporating heating area on the side of the flowing medium, and the longitudinal axis of which is located essentially parallel to the direction of the heating gas.

Horizontally assembled steam generator

The invention relates to a continuous steam generator provided, in a duct for hot gas circulating in a substantially horizontal direction, with a continuous heating surface of an evaporator comprising a plurality of steam generator tubes which are mounted in parallel for circulating a fluid flow. The inventive device requires exceptionally low construction expenditures and ensures a high degree of safety and a high efficiency. For this purpose, the continuous heating surface of the evaporator is characterized in that it comprises a segment of the heating surface through which a moving fluid flows in an opposite direction with respect to the heated gas direction is positioned in such a way that a saturated steam temperature which is adjusted during operation at the exit from the continuous heating surface deviates from the predetermined maximum value of the temperature of the gas prevailing during operation at the outlet of the segment of the heating surface. In addition, one or several entry collectors are disposed at a close distance from the outlet of the heating surface on the gas side in such a way that the moving fluid has a flow speed in the downpipe which is higher than the minimum speed required for pulling nascent steam bubbles.

Horizontally constructed continuous steam generator and method for the operation thereof

The invention relates to a continuous steam generator wherein an evaporator throughflow heating surface is disposed in a gas duct which can be cross flown in an approximately vertical manner in a heating gas device, said evaporator throughflow heating surface comprising a plurality of parallel connected steam generating pipes enabling a flow medium to flow through, also enabling particularly high operating stability and security during the supply of the flow medium having a comparatively high mass flow density. The inventive evaporator throughflow heating surface comprises a heating surface segment which can be cross-flown by the flow medium in an opposite direction to the gas duct, the flow medium side exit is positioned in such a manner that it can be seen in the heating direction of the gas such that the saturated steam generator which is adjusted during operation according to pressure in the evaporator throughflow heating surface deviates by less than a maximum predetermined amount from the heating gas temperature prevailing during operation at the position of the exit of the heating surface segment.

Continuous steam generator and method for operating said continuous steam generator

The invention relates to a steam generator comprising a heating gas channel, which can be traversed in an approximately horizontal heating gas direction and in which at least one continuous heating surface is located, configured from a number of approximately vertical evaporator tubes, connected in parallel to allow the passage of a flow medium. The aim of the invention is to provide a method for starting a generator, which guarantees a high degree of operational safety, even for a steam generator with a particularly simple construction. According to the invention, to achieve this, at least several evaporator tubes are partially filled to a predeterminable desired level with unevaporated flow medium, prior to the impingement of the heating gas channel by a heating gas.

Method for starting a steam generator comprising a heating gas channel that can be traversed in an approximately horizontal heating gas direction and a steam generator

A stream generator wherein a continuous evaporating heating surface is disposed in a heating gas duct through which a heating gas flows in an approximately horizontal manner. The continuous evaporating heating surface comprises a plurality of steam-generating pipes which are connected in a parallel manner enabling flowthrough of a flow medium, and is configured in such a manner that a steam-generating pipe which is heated more than another stream-generating pipe of the same continuous evaporating heating surface has a higher throughput of a flow medium compared to the other steam-generating pipe. An object is to produce a particularly low-cost steam generator exhibiting particularly high mechanical stability with different thermal loads. The steam-generating pipe respectively comprises a riser pipe piece which can be cross-flown in an upward direction and which is arranged in an approximately vertical manner in relation to the flow medium; a down pipe piece which can be cross-flown in a downward direction downstream from said flow medium side and another riser pipe piece which can be cross-flown in an upward direction by a flow medium and which is arranged in an approximately vertical manner downstream from the latter flow medium side. Preferably, the other riser pipe piece of the respective steam-generating pipe is arranged in the heating gas duct, when seen in the direction of the heating gas, between the riser pipe piece associated therewith and the down pipe piece associated therewith.

The invention relates to a steam generator in which the continuous heating panel of an evaporator is arranged in a heating gas channel which can be cross-flown in a more or less horizontal direction of a heating gas. Said continuous heating panel of the evaporator comprises a plurality of pipes of a steam generator which are connected in parallel to each other. Said pipes are constructed in such a way that they cross a flow medium and are provided with the part of a more or less vertical down pipe which can be cross-flown by the flow medium in a downward direction and with the part of a rising pipe connected downstream with respect to the down pipe on the side of the flow medium and which is more or less vertical and can be cross-flown by the flow medium in an upward direction. The continuous heating panel of the evaporator is arranged in such a way that one pipe of the steam generator which is hotter than the other pipe of the steam generator of the same continuous heating panel of the evaporator has a flow medium rate which is higher than that of the other pipe of the steam generator. The aim of said invention is to operate said steam generator in a relatively simple manner in association with a highly stable flow in the continuous heating panel of the evaporator. For this purpose, the flow medium of the continuous heating panel of the evaporator is supplied in such a way that the flow velocity thereof is higher than a minimum flow velocity predefined in the down pipe. The inventive steam generator is extremely well adapted for carrying out said method and comprises another continuous heating panel of the evaporator which is connected downstream with respect to the continuous heating panel of the evaporator on the side of the flow medium.

Operating method for a horizontal steam generator and a steam generator for carrying out said method

A steam generator has a continuous heating surface located in a fuel gas channel that can be traversed in an approximately horizontal fuel gas directions. The continuous heating surface has a plurality of steam generator pipes that are connected in parallel for the passage of a flow medium and is designed in such a way that a steam generator pipe, which is heated to a greater extent than another steam generator pipe of the same continuous heating surface, has a higher throughput of the flow medium than the other steam generator pipe. The aim is to produce a low-cost steam generator with a particularly high level of mechanical stability, even when subjected to different thermal stresses. To achieve this, the or each steam generator pipe has a respective downpipe section, which is approximately vertical and through which the flow medium can flow downwards and a respective riser pipe section connected downstream of the downpipe on the flow medium side, which is approximately vertical and through which the flow medium can flow upwards.

Growing community of inventors

Stulln, Germany

Rudolf Kral