Merck Patent Gesellschaft MIT Beschrankter Haftung

Merck Patent Gesellschaft MIT Beschraenkter Haftung

The Secretary of State for Defence in Her Britannic Majesty's Government

Ciba Specialty Chemicals Corporation

Other

Ciba-geigy Corporation

Merck Patent Gmbh

Merck Patent Gesellschaft MIT

The Secretary of State for Defense in Her Britannic Majesty's Government

The Secretary of State for Defence in Her Majesty's Government of the

Nematel Dr. Rudolph Eidenschink

Nematel Dr, R. Eidenshink

Nematel Dr. Rudolf Eidenschink

Bescrankter Haftung

Rudolf Eidenschink

Joachim Krause

Georg Weber

Bernhard Scheuble

Ludwig Pohl

Eike Poetsch

Andreas Wachtler

Reinhard Hittich

Michael Romer

Volker Reiffenrath

Dieter Dorsch

Thomas Geelhaar

Reinhard Hopf

George W Gray

Manfred Kohler

Jorg Ohngemach

Gerhard Greber

Kenneth J Toyne

Hans-Adolf Kurmeier

Klaus Bofinger

Holger Kretzschmann

Hans A Kurmeier

Dietrich Erdmann

Klaus Praefcke

Jurgen Gehlhaus

Gunther Haas

Konrad Dorfner

Hans Ludwig Hirsch

Herbert Plach

Bernhard Rieger

Ekkehard Bartmann

David Lacey

Claus P Herz

Neil Carr

Bernd Kohne

Fernando Del Pino

Wolfgang Sucrow

Jurgen Eichler

Beatrice M Andrews

Heino Finkelmann

Wadi Poules

Herbert Wolter

Detlef Pauluth

Sabine Schoen

Michael Junge

Franz-Heinrich Kreuzer

Volker Meyer

Axel Pausch

Peter Fuss

Rainer Klink

Kiyohiko Kawamoto

Lawrence Kam Ming Chan

Gerd Marowsky

Friedrich Hessel

Markus Kreuzer

Britta Nagel

Dietmar Schmidt

Michael P Burrow

The invention relates to tricyclic aromatics of the general formula I in which A, A, A, A, Q-Q, R, R, X, X, X, Z, Z, Z, Z, q, r, s, t and u have the meaning indicated, and to the use thereof as components of liquid-crystalline media and to an electro-optical display element containing same.

Tricyclic aromatics and liquid-crystalline medium

The invention relates to fused naphthalenes of the general formula I, in which A, A, A, A, Q-Q, G-G, R, R, X, X, X, X, X, Z, Z, Z, Z, q, r, s and t have the meaning indicated, and to the use thereof as components of liquid-crystalline media and to an electro-optical display element containing them. 

Fused naphthalenes

The invention relates to bisphenyl thiocompounds of formula (I), wherein X to X independently represent H, Cl, F, OH, SH, R, &mdash;OR and &mdash;SR, wherein R is an organic radical with 1 to 18 C atoms, which can be an alkyl or alkenyl radical that can also contain &mdash;O&mdash;, &mdash;S&mdash; instead of a one to four non-adjacent CH groups and that can be substituted once or multiple times by &mdash;OH, &mdash;SH or halogen, an unsubstituted phenyl, cyclohexyl or cyclohexylmethyl radical or substituted by one or up to three alkyl groups with a total of 1 to 9 C atoms in which a CH group may be replaced by &mdash;O&mdash;, provided that at least 3 of the radicals X to X are; Y to Y independently have the meaning cited for X to X and Z represents an &agr;, &ohgr;-alkylene group with 2 to 18 C atoms in which one to three CH groups may be substituted by &mdash;O&mdash; or &mdash;S&mdash; and 1,4-cyclohexandimethyl group or a simple bond. The invention also relates to the use of said compounds as lubricants.

Bisphenyl thiocompounds

A lubricant including a compound of the formula: ##STR1## wherein 4, 5 or 6 of the substituents X.sub.1 to X.sub.6 can be --SR, --SO.sub.2 R or --SOR and the other substituents can be --H, --Cl, --F, --OH, --SH, --R, --OR, --COOR or --OOCR wherein R is independently, at each occurrence, unsubstituted or substituted alkyl, of 1 to 18 carbon atoms, said substitution consisting of fluorine substitution of hydrogen, --O-- substitution of --CH.sub.2 --, --S-- substitution of --CH.sub.2 -- and mixtures thereof, said --O-- and --S-- substitutions being selected so that --O-- atoms are not directly bonded to each other. The invention further includes a method of lubricating with the lubricant.

Sulfur containing aromatic lubricant and method of using same

Coreactive photoinitiators

Closely packed small particles dispersed in a liquid crystalline phase, whereby the particles can be moved toward one another by external influence, constitute a liquid crystalline medium permitting the generation of bistable images without the requirement of matching the indices of refraction of the components.

Liquid crystalline medium including closely packed particles and method

Partially fluorinated benzene derivatives

Coreactive photoinitators

Selectively alterable optical data memory

Vinyl compounds, and a liquid-crystalline medium

Optically active nitrogen-containing heterocycles of the formula I according to claim 1 are suitable as components for ferroelectric liquid crystalline materials.

Nitrogen-containing heterocycles

The invention relates to an electro-optical liquid crystal display element containing a dielectric with at least two liquid-crystalline components, wherein the dielectric, for shortening the switching times, contains at least one fluorine-containing compound of the formula I

Electro-optical liquid crystal display element

The invention relates to the use of trifluorotoluene derivatives of the formula I ##STR1## in which R.sup.1 is alkyl having 1 to 12 carbon atoms in which, in addition, one or more non-neighboring CH.sub.2 groups may be replaced by --O--, --CO--, --O--CO--, --CO--O--, --O--CO--O--, --CH-halogen, --CH--CN-- and/or --CH.dbd.CH--,

Nematic liquid-crystalline phases

Electrooptical display element

Growing community of inventors

Munster, Germany

Rudolf Eidenschink