General Electric Company

Intevep, S.a.

Ge Energy and Environmental Research Corporation

Gas Research Institute

Energy and Environmental Research

Roy Payne

Larry Swanson

Vitali Victor Lissianski

William Randall Seeker

Vladimir Zamansky

Wei Zhou

David Kelly Moyeda

Peter Martin Maly

Cebers O Gomez

Loc Ho

Larry William Swanson

Neil Colin Widmer

Domingo P Rodriguez

Antonio Marquez

Philippe Jean Gauthier

Richard Kenneth Lyon

Robert A Ashworth

Jose Carrazza

Michael Christopher Booth

Boris Nikolaevich Eiteneer

Blair A Folsom

Dean Draxton

Vladimir M Zamansky

Donald Keith Morrison

Todd M Sommer

David K Moyeda

Quang H Nguyen

Quang Nguyen

Domingo Rodriquez

John Kramlich

Michael Booth

Combustion systems having reduced nitrogen oxide emissions and methods of using the same are disclosed herein. In one embodiment, a combustion system is provided. The combustion system includes a combustion zone, which includes a burner for converting a fuel, under fuel rich conditions, to a flue gas. An intermediate staged air inlet is downstream from the combustion zone, for supplying intermediate staged air to the flue gas and producing fuel lean conditions. A reburn zone is downstream from the intermediate staged air inlet for receiving the flue gas. A process for using the combustion system and a method of reducing NOflowing into the reburn zone of a combustion system are also described herein.

Combustion systems and processes for burning fossil fuel with reduced nitrogen oxide emissions

A combustion system for combusting air and fuel includes a primary combustion zone configured to produce combustion gases from the air and the fuel and an intermediate air zone downstream from the primary combustion zone. The intermediate air zone is configured to inject an intermediate air stream into the combustion gases. The combustion system further includes a burnout zone downstream from the intermediate air zone, wherein the burnout zone is configured to inject an overfire air stream into the combustion gases, and at least one hybrid-boosted air injector within at least one of the intermediate air zone and the burnout zone. The at least one hybrid-boosted air injector is configured to substantially simultaneously inject a boosted air stream and a windbox air stream into the combustion gases.

Systems for staged combustion of air and fuel

A method of decreasing a concentration of nitrogen oxides in a combustion gas flowing through a vessel including: generating a flue gas in a combustion zone of the vessel, the flue gas containing nitrogen oxides and carbon monoxide; providing overfire air into a burnout zone of the vessel from a first injector of overfire air to oxidize at least some of the carbon monoxide in the flue gas; injecting a selective reducing agent concurrent with overfire air at a level in the burnout zone downstream of the first injector of overfire air and downstream of the oxidization of the carbon monoxide, and reacting the selective reducing agent with the flue gas to reduce the nitrogen oxides.

Multi-compartment overfire air and N-agent injection method for nitrogen oxide reduction in flue gas

A fuel flexible furnace, including a main combustion zone, a reburn zone downstream from the main combustion zone, and a delivery system operably coupled to supplies of biomass and coal and configured to deliver the biomass and the coal as ingredients of first and reburn fuels to the main combustion zone and the reburn zone, with each fuel including flexible quantities of the biomass and/or the coal. The flexible quantities are variable with the furnace in an operating condition.

Method and apparatus for operating a fuel flexible furnace to reduce pollutants in emissions

Multi-compartment overfire air and N-agent injection method and system for nitrogen oxide reduction in flue gas

A system for reducing fouling and improving efficiency in a coal-fired power plant that may include: 1) an analyzer grid, the analyzer grid including a plurality of sensors that measure gas characteristics through an approximate cross section of a flow through a boiler of the coal-fired power plant; 2) a plurality of air injectors with enhanced controllability; 3) means for analyzing the measurements of the gas characteristics; and 4) means for controlling the air injectors with enhanced controllability. The analysis of the measurements of the gas characteristics may include analyzing the measurements to determine zones of non-homogeneous flow.

Methods and systems to increase efficiency and reduce fouling in coal-fired power plants

A method of optimizing operation of a fossil fuel fired boiler includes, in an exemplary embodiment, providing a plurality of sensors positioned in different spatial positions within the fossil fuel fired boiler. The method also includes recording sensor outputs, identifying spatial combustion anomalies indicated by sensor outputs, identifying burners responsible for the spatial combustion anomalies, and adjusting air flow of responsible burners to alleviate the spatial combustion anomalies.

Combustion optimization for fossil fuel fired boilers

A combustion apparatus for combusting including: a boiler defining an enclosed flue gas path having a combustion zone and a burnout zone, wherein flue gas is formed in the combustion zone and the combustion flue gas comprising nitrogen oxides; a fuel injector aligned with and introducing fuel into the combustion zone and a combustion air injector aligned with and introducing air into the combustion zone; an overfire air system adjacent the burnout zone comprising an overfire air port adjacent the burnout zone and through which overfire air flows into the burnout zone, and a nitrogen reagent injector having an outlet aligned with the overfire air system and injecting nitrogen reagent gas or small droplets into said overfire air, wherein said small droplets have an average diameter of no greater than 50 microns.

Combustion apparatus to reduce flue gas NOx by injection of n-agent droplets and gas in overfire air

A method for operating a fuel-fired furnace including at least one burner is provided. The method includes channeling a first fluid flow to the at least one burner at a first predetermined velocity, and channeling a second fluid flow to the at least one burner at a second predetermined velocity during a first mode of operation of the at least one burner. The second predetermined velocity is different than the first predetermined velocity.

Method and apparatus for staged combustion of air and fuel

A method to reduce mercury in gas emissions from the combustion of coal is disclosed. Mercury emissions can be reduced by staging combustion process and/or reducing boiler excess oxygen. Fly ash formed under combustion staging conditions is more reactive towards mercury than fly ash formed under typical combustion conditions. Reducing boiler excess oxygen can also improve ability of fly ash to adsorb mercury.

Mercury reduction system and method in combustion flue gas using staging

A method of decreasing the concentration of nitrogen oxides in a combustion gas flowing through a vessel including the steps of: generating a flue gas in a combustion zone of the vessel, the flue gas containing nitrogen oxides and carbon monoxide; providing overfire air into a burnout zone of the vessel from a first injector of the overfire air to oxidize at least some of the carbon monoxide in the flue gas; injecting a selective reducing agent concurrent with the overfire air at a level in the burnout zone downstream of the first injector of overfire air and downstream of the oxidization of the carbon monoxide; and reacting the selective reducing agent with the flue gas to reduce the nitrogen oxides.

Method for nitrogen oxide reduction in flue gas

A method of decreasing the concentration of nitrogen oxides in a combustion flue gas in which a nitrogen reducing agent is introduced together with the overfire air to mixes with the products of primary combustion along with the overfire air. The nitrogen agent reduced NOx as it passes through the temperature regime that is optimum for the NOx reduction as overfire air and flue gas mix. The transition from low to high temperature effectively eliminates ammonia slip. Additionally, the nitrogen agent may be mixed with the overfire air stream in such a manner that it is optimally shielded from early mixing with the products of primary combustion, where a portion of the overfire air reacts initially with any residual carbon monoxide (CO) that would otherwise interfere with the NOx reduction chemistry.

Method to reduce flue gas NOx

An overfire air injector for use in a fossil fuel-fired combustion device includes a cylindrical nozzle having an outlet end formed with a step diffuser comprising one or more radial steps that enlarge the outlet end of the nozzle. An atomizer lance may be mounted within the nozzle, having a discharge orifice at the outlet end of the nozzle, for supplying a reducing agent to the overfire air to reduce NOx emissions.

Step-diffuser for overfire air and overfire air/N-agent injector systems

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Mission Viejo, CA, United States of America

Roy Payne