Virginia Tech Intellectual Properties, Inc.

Other

Covidien LP

Tyco Healthcare Group LP

University of Colorado

Roop L Mahajan

Hrishikesh Vijaykumar Panchawagh

Ronald J Podhajsky

Ming Yi

Rafael V Davalos

John L Robertson

Christopher B Arena

Michael B Sano

Eduardo L Latouche

Mohammad Bonakdar

Seul-Yi Lee

Methods of making graphene oxide and reduced graphene oxide are provided. The methods can include a simple one-pot synthesis of graphene oxide from a purified coal powder using a mild oxidizing acid. The methods provide for an improved, more cost-effective, and simpler process than conventional methods such as Hummers methods. In some aspects, placing the purified coal powder in the mild oxidation atmosphere includes contacting the purified coal powder with a mild oxidizing acid such as nitric acid, nitrous acid, sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, benzoic acid, or a combination thereof. In some aspects, the mild oxidizing acid consists essentially of nitric acid. Graphene oxides and reduced graphene oxides prepared by the methods are also provided.

One-pot process for synthesis of graphene and graphene-derivatives from coal

Provided herein are devices, systems, and methods for monitoring lesion or treated area in a tissue during focal ablation or cell membrane disruption therapy.

Devices, systems, and methods for real-time monitoring of electrophysical effects during tissue treatment

Provided herein are devices, systems, and methods for monitoring lesion or treated area in a tissue during focal ablation or cell membrane disruption therapy. Provided herein are embodiments of an electrical conductivity sensor having an impedance sensor, where the impedance sensor can be configured to measure a low-frequency and a high-frequency impedance and a substrate, where the impedance sensor is coupled to the substrate. The substrate can be flexible. In embodiments, the impedance sensor can contain two or more electrical conductors. The electrical conductors can be in a bipolar configuration. The electrical conductors can be in a tetrapolar configuration. In embodiments, the electrical conductivity sensor can have two impedance sensors that can be coupled to the substrate such that they are orthogonal to each other.

According to the present disclosure, a system for sensing attributes of tissue in at least one direction is provided. The system includes a thermal conductivity probe having a sensor configured to measure thermal conductivity in the target tissue in at least one direction, and an electrical conductivity probe having a sensor configured to measure electrical conductivity in the target tissue in at least one direction, a power supply operatively coupled to the thermal conductivity probe and being configured to supply power to the thermal conductivity probe, an impedance analyzer operatively coupled to the electrical conductivity probe, and a computer operatively coupled to at least one of the power supply, the multimeter and the impedance analyzer.

Electrical conductivity probes for measuring attributes of tissue

Thermal and electrical conductivity probes and methods of making the same

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Blacksburg, VA, United States of America

Roop L Mahajan