Air Products and Chemicals, Inc.

Pinschmidt, Robert K., Jr.

Pierantozzi, Ronald

Listemann, Mark L.

Armor, John N.

Ronald Pierantozzi

John F Kirner

Paul N Dyer

Charles G Coe

Mark L Listemann

Thomas R White

Timothy Christopher Golden

Andrew Francis Nordquist

Alejandro L Cabrera

Robert K Pinschmidt, Jr

John N Armor

Howard P Withers, Jr

Gene Everad Parris

Wilbur C Kratz

Frederick Carl Wilhelm

Andrzej Rokicki

Robert A Miller

Xiang-Dong Peng

Thomas R Gaffney

Mildred A Miller

Robert K Pinschmidt

Charles Gardner Coe

John Francis Kirner

Thomas Robert White

The Present Invention is directed to a composition, its synthesis and a process for adsorptive separation of carbon monoxide from gas mixtures using adsorbents, which comprise cuprous compounds on amorphous oxide macroporous supports. The compositions are prepared by impregnating cupric compounds on supports followed by reduction of the cupric compound to the corresponding cuprous compound. The reduction can be performed by the use of a reducing gas, preferably synthesis gas at relatively low temperatures up to 150.degree. C., preferably preceded by the use of elevated temperature above 250.degree. C. All the adsorbents described in this invention consist of CuCl particles of finite size supported on macroporous support materials including alumina and silica gel. Among the ingredients used to form supported CuCl fine particles are support materials of low dispersing power, high copper loading, absence of dispersants, and proper post heat-treatment. The bulk nature of the active component (i.e., CuCl particles) and the resulting hysteresis in desorption provide adsorbents which have both high working capacity and high selectivity for a pressure swing adsorptive separation process.

CO adsorbents with hysteresis

The present invention is directed to an at least binary exchanged X-zeolite having lithium and zinc cations in a ratio of preferably 5% to 40% zinc and 50% to 95% lithium, wherein the sum of the lithium and zinc ion exchange is at least 65% of the exchangeable ion content. Theses adsorbents are useful in a process for separating nitrogen from gas mixtures containing nitrogen and less strongly adsorbed components such as oxygen, hydrogen, argon or helium.

Zinc cation exchanged lithium X-zeolite for nitrogen adsorption

The present invention is directed to an at least binary exchanged X-zeolite having lithium and a divalent cation selected from the group consisting of cobalt, copper, chromium, iron, manganese, nickel and mixtures thereof in a ratio of preferably 5% to 50% of the divalent cation and 50% to 95% lithium. Theses adsorbents are useful in a process for separating nitrogen from gas mixtures containing nitrogen and less strongly adsorbed components such as oxygen, hydrogen, argon or helium.

Divalent cation exchanged lithium X-zeolite for nitrogen adsorption

The present invention is directed to a process for separating nitrogen from gas mixtures containing nitrogen and less strongly adsorbed components such as oxygen, hydrogen, argon or helium by use of an at least binary exchanged X-zeolite having lithium and a divalent cation selected from the group consisting of barium, cobalt, copper, chromium, iron, magnesium, manganese, nickel, zinc and mixtures thereof in a ratio of preferably 5% to 50% of the divalent cation and 50% to 95% lithium.

Nitrogen adsorption with a divalent cation exchanged lithium X-zeolite

The present invention is directed to a process for adsorptive separation of carbon monoxide or olefins from gas mixtures using adsorbents, which comprise cuprous compounds dispersed on amorphous oxide or carbon macroporous supports. The compositions are prepared by impregnating cupric compounds on, preferably pretreated, supports with the aid of an aqueous solution of an ammonium salt of a di- or polycarboxylic acid dispersant, such as ammonium citrate, followed by reduction of the cupric compound to the corresponding cuprous compound. The reduction can be performed either by the use of elevated temperature or by the use of a reducing gas preferably carbon monoxide at relatively low temperatures up to 150.degree. C. Methods of synthesis are also disclosed.

Separations using highly dispersed cuprous compositions

Highly dispersed cuprous compositions

The present invention is directed to a process for separating nitrogen from gas mixtures containing nitrogen and less strongly adsorbed components such as oxygen, hydrogen, argon or helium by use of an at least binary exchanged X-zeolite having lithium and calcium and/or strontium ions in ratio of preferably 5% to 50% calcium and/or strontium and 50% to 95% lithium.

Nitrogen adsorption with a Ca and/or Sr exchanged lithium X-zeolite

Carboxamides having the structural formula:

Process for the synthesis of carboxamides

Secondary formamides having the structural formula:

Process for the synthesis of secondary formamides

Amides having different molecular kinetic diameters or heats of adsorption, such as formamide and N-(1-alkoxyethyl)formamide, are separated under mild conditions with a molecular sieve which selectively adsorbs one of the amides, such as formamide. N-vinylformamide can be purified by removing formamide remaining in synthesis process streams using this technique. The adsorbed amide can be desorbed by heating the molecular sieve in either inert or reactive atmospheres. Preferred molecular sieves include the zeolites of types A, X, Y, molecular sieves of the MFI topology, chabazite, and mordenite. Calcium chabazite is particularly versatile and effective.

Separation of amides with molecular sieves

Ethylidene bisformamide is produced in high selectivity by the reaction of formamide with vinyl acetate in a molar ratio of at least 1:1 at a temperature from about 60.degree. to 150.degree. C. in the presence of a catalyst comprising an acid salt of mercury of which the parent acid has a pKa less than about 3.8.

Synthesis of ethylidene bisformamide from vinyl acetate

The present invention is a process for selectively aminating alcohols wherein a mixture of an amine and a primary or secondary alcohol or diol is contacted with a catalytically effective amount of a phosphorus-containing catalyst which has been impregnated or titrated with a metal cation salt composition represented by the formula:

Process for the animation of alcohols using activated

The present invention relates to a process for the catalytic amination of 1.degree. and 2.degree. alcohols and diols wherein an amine is reacted with an alcohol or diol in the presence of a non-acidic cationic hydroxyapatite catalyst. A typical reaction includes the amination of ethanol with piperidine to form N-ethylpiperidine. The hydroxyapatite catalyst provides high conversion and selectivity toward the N-alkylated product. Product selectivity can be controlled by adjusting the ratio of cation to phosphorus in the hydroxyapatite catalyst.

Process for the catalytic animation of alcohols and diols using

Silicon carbide protective films are produced on the surface of metallic or metal-impregnated substrates. A silicide or silicon diffusion coating is initially formed on the surface of the substrate, and subsequently said surface is treated with a gas stream which is reducing to the coating and substrate and contains a gaseous carbon source at a temperature greater than 500.degree. C.

Process for preparing sic protective films on metallic or metal

This present invention is a process for alkylating aromatic amines to form ortho-alkylated products in high selectivity relative to N-alkylated products. Aromatic amines are contacted with an olefin or an alcohol in the presence of an ion exchanged zeolite in which at least a portion of the exchangeable ion sites have been exchanged with Al cations.

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Orefield, PA, United States of America

Ronald Pierantozzi