E.i. Dupont De Nemours and Company

Ronald Jack Riegert

Mehrdad Mehdizadeh

Roger Harquail French

Jose Manuel Rodriguez-Parada

Nicole L Blankenbeckler

Mark E Lewittes

Dariusz Wlodzimierz Kawka

William Robert Corcoran

Joseph Anthony Perrotto

Cheng-Hang Chi

Moshe Oren

James Francis Ryley, Jr

Rebekah Ann Derryberry

Harry Bernard Francisco

An optical element has a plano-plano body formed of a first material having a greater refraction index nand a second material having a lesser refraction index n. Both indices are greater than one. The absolute value of the index contrast, log(n/n), is in the range from about 0.001 to about 0.17, preferably from about 0.01 to about 0.05. The materials have an induced absorbance rate &#x394;Abs/Dose less than or equal to about 0.4, preferably less than or equal to about 0.2. The materials are arranged such that an interface with at least one cusp is defined therebetween. The cusp has an apex pointed toward the material having the greater index of refraction. The cusp is operative to produce a region of increased light intensity on one surface of the optical element in response to light incident on the other surface of the optical element.

Optical element producing a modulated region of increased light intensity and optically enhanced photovoltaic cell and LED lighting device including the same

A field director assembly includes electrically conductive vanes configured to prevent arcing in an unloaded microwave oven.

Field director assembly having arc-resistant conductive vanes

A photovoltaic assembly includes an optical element comprising a body having opposed planar major surfaces with a plurality of open-mouthed inclusions (grooves) formed on the light output surface. Each groove has a closed apex with an included apex angle. The body is formed from a material having an index of refraction of at least 1.3 and an induced absorbance rate &#x394;Abs/Dose less than or equal to about 0.4. The optical element is attached to a photovoltaic cell using an adhesive having an index of refraction in the range from about 1.34 to 1.50. The apex angle is selected such that light incident upon the body is conveyed the light output surface by the mechanism of total internal reflection from the boundary walls of the grooves and/or without retro-reflection toward the incident surface. The thickness of the adhesive layer and the dimension of the mouth of the grooves are selected such that light incident on the surface of the photovoltaic cell is not obscured by conductor lines on the cell's surface.

Photovoltaic assemblies incorporating an optical element having internal inclusions configured for maximum conversion efficiency

A susceptor assembly includes electrically conductive vanes configured to prevent arcing in an unloaded microwave oven.

Arc-resistant microwave susceptor assembly

An optical element comprises a body having opposed planar major surfaces with a plurality of open-mouthed inclusions (grooves) formed on its light output surface. Each groove has a closed apex with an included apex angle. The body is formed from a material having an index of refraction of at least 1.3 and an induced absorbance rate &#x394;Abs/Dose less than or equal to about 0.4. The apex angle is selected such that light incident upon the body is conveyed the light output surface by the mechanism of total internal reflection from the boundary walls of the grooves and/or without retro-reflection toward the incident surface.

Optical element having internal inclusions configured for maximum conversion efficiency

A susceptor assembly includes a generally planar susceptor having an electric field director structure mechanically connected thereto. The field director structure includes at least one, but more preferably, a plurality of two or more vanes mechanically connected to the susceptor. Each vane has a surface at least a portion of which is electrically conductive. The vane(s) are most preferably disposed substantially orthogonal to the planar susceptor. The connection may be either a fixed or a flexible articulating connection. In use, such as in the presence of a standing electromagnetic wave generated within a microwave oven, only an attenuated electric field component of the electromagnetic wave exists in a plane tangent to the surface of the vane in the vicinity of the conductive portion of the vane.

Susceptor assembly for use in a microwave oven

Hydrogen cyanide is produced by reacting ammonia and a hydrocarbon gas in the presence of a platinum-group-metal catalyst while the catalyst is heated by induction heating at a frequency of 0.5 to 30 MHz.

Preparation of hydrogen cyanide

A bonding apparatus for bonding a thermoplastic pad having a predetermined peripheral shape to a first surface of a carpet using radio frequency energy includes a die electrode and a backing electrode. Both the die electrode and the backing electrode have a peripheral shape that corresponds to the peripheral shape of the pad. In addition, both the die electrode and the backing electrode may have a relief feature thereon that are correspondingly sized and located. Concentrations of electric field intensity in the vicinity of the peripheral edge of the die electrode and along the edges of the relief feature on the die electrode are minimized so that bonding of a pad to a carpet may be effected without thermal runaway. The pad is bonded to the carpet without the occurrence of localized burning of the carpet pile or perforation of the pad.

Apparatus for radio-frequency bonding of thermoplastic members

A waveguide sensing element has a substrate having an input opening adapted to house an input optical fiber and an output opening adapted to house an output optical fiber. The input optical fiber transmits electromagnetic radiation, and the output optical fiber emits the electromagnetic radiation. The waveguide sensing element also has a guiding layer disposed adjacent the substrate. The guiding layer has a beveled end face. The angle of the bevel is chosen so that the guiding layer selects only those modes within a given range--i.e., high order modes. This increases the spectral absorption measurement sensitivity as compared to a waveguide sensing element which uses the complete mode spectrum. Such a highly sensitive waveguide sensing element has been found to be particularly useful as an internal reflection spectroscopic sensing element. Moreover, the waveguide sensing element of the present invention is particularly useful in a process environment, where the corrosive effects of chemicals make on-line spectral absorption measurements difficult. Thus, the waveguide sensing element of the present invention may be rear-fired, which is particularly attractive from a process seal integrity standpoint.

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Newark, DE, United States of America

Ronald Jack Riegert