Alusuisse Technology & Management Ltd.

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Organis Gmbh

Alanod Aluminium-veredelung Gmbh & Co.

Roman Fuchs

Volkmar Gillich

Marcus Textor

Renato Kirin

Erich Simon

Walter Hotz

Gerhard Schottner

Harald Fuchs

J&ouml;rg Maier

Jugo Fuhrmann

Christian Bartenbach

Kurt Sekinger

Jean-Francois Paulet

Tomas Krämer

Jean-Francedillaois Paulet

Mario Fuchs

Johannes Martin Sandrock

Paul Hanggi

The invention relates to a lung simulator apparatus, as well as to a method to ventilate a lung simulator with a ventilator. The lung simulator apparatus comprises an air chamber with a variable volume for an exchangeable gas, which air chamber is connected in parallel with two air conduits, and a gas exchange element for injecting a tracer gas into the air chamber, wherein the volumes of the air conduits are substantially different. The method of simulating lung function comprises filling a first gas into the air chamber, which has a variable volume and which is connected in parallel with the two air conduits, and injecting a second gas into the air chamber, pressing the first and second gas out of the air chamber, and optionally repeating these steps.

Physical lung model to simulate organ function in health and disease

A method for producing weather- and corrosion-resistant shaped sheets consisting of aluminum or an aluminum alloy with a decorative finish in a coil coating process that comprises the following sequential steps: an aluminum strip or aluminum alloy strip is provided; optional continuous degreasing of the strip; optional electrochemical, chemical or mechanical burnishing of the optionally degreased strip; the optionally degreased and/or burnished strip is continuously pre-treated to create a pre-treated layer that is suitable for use as an adhesive base for a paint layer; the optionally degreased strip is continuously pre-treated to create a strip surface that is suitable for use as an adhesive base for a paint layer; the pre-treated strip is continuously painted with a sol-gel paint consisting of a polysiloxane to create a first protect protective layer; the first protective layer is continuously dried and cured in a continuous furnace; the sheets are produced by shaping the strip that comprises the first protective layer and cutting the sheets that are optionally to be further shaped, or by cutting the sheets out of the strip that comprises the first protective layer and shaping the cut sheets; the shaped sheets are painted with a sol-gel paint consisting of a polysiloxane to create a second protective layer and the second protective layer is dried and cured in a furnace. The shaped parts that are produced by the method are characterized by excellent weather- corrosion- and abrasion resistance.

Method for producing shaped aluminium sheets with a decorative finish

Reflectors, for example, for lamps used for technical lighting purposes, having a surface which is resistant to mechanical and chemical attack and has high total reflectivity. The body () of the reflector, which is, for example, a rolled aluminum product such as a foil, a strip of a sheet, has a surface layer in the form of a layer system containing (a) a pretreatment layer (), onto which is deposited (b) a functional layer () with silanes, having organo-functional groups, of a metal compound, and onto which is deposited (c) a metal-containing reflective layer (). Layer (a) is deposited on the reflector body and increases the strength of bonding to the above lying layers (a) and (b). Layer (b) effects a flattening and increase in the mechanical strength of the above lying layer (c). The pretreatment layer can be a layer produced by anodic oxidation. The functional layer (b) can be a sol-gel layer. The reflective layer (c) can be a metallic reflective layer, in some cases with one or more protective layers, which are deposited, e.g., by vacuum thin layer deposition process.

Reflector with resistant surface

A weather and corrosion-resistant reflector with high overall reflection in the visible and infrared wavelength ranges. The reflector contains a reflector body with a reflection surface of an aluminum or aluminum alloy or a reflector body with a reflection coating of an aluminum or aluminum alloy. The reflector also contains an outer, final transparent protective layer of a sol-gel coating which is thicker than 1 &#x3bc;m. The transparent sol-gel coating is a polymer of cross-linked inorganic siloxanes with alcohol groups that are bonded to the silicon with a carbon bond. The sol-gel coating is produced in a sol-gel process and, after having been applied to the reflector body, is dried and hardened using heat. The protective layer has excellent resistance to weather, corrosion and abrasion.

Reflector

A reflector with high total reflection which is resistant to mechanical stresses. The reflector comprises a reflector body and superimposed thereon (a) a functional coating such as a varnish, (b) a reflecting layer structure composed of a reflecting metallic layer and optionally arranged thereon one or several transparent ceramic layers, for example, layers having an optical depth of &#x3bb;/2. The reflecting layer structure contains, as its surface layer, a protective layer. The protective layer is a silicon oxide of general formula SiO, wherein x is a number from 1.1 to 2.0, or it is aluminum oxide of formula AlO, in a thickness of 3 nm or more. The protective layer protects the underlying layers from mechanical damages. In the DIN 58196 abrasion test the protected surface does not show any damages after 50 test cycles with 100 abrasion strokes.

Reflector with a resistant surface

A reflector with high total reflection which is resistant to mechanical stresses. The reflector includes a reflector body and superimposed thereon (a) a functional coating such as a varnish, (b) a reflecting layer structure composed of a reflecting metallic layer and optionally arranged thereon one or several transparent ceramic layers, for example, layers having an optical depth of &lgr;/2. The reflecting layer structure contains, as its surface layer, a protective layer. The protective layer is a silicon oxide of general formula SiO , wherein x is a number from 1.1 to 2.0, or it is aluminum oxide of formula Al O , in a thickness of 3 nm or more. The protective layer protects the underlying layers from mechanical damages. In the DIN 58196 abrasion test the protected surface does not show any damages after 50 test cycles with 100 abrasion strokes.

Resistant surface reflector

A reflector, with high total reflection, resisting mechanical stress, and having a reflector body on which the following components are superimposed (a) a functional coating, e.g., a varnish, (b) a reflection layer structure composed of a reflecting metallic layer and, optionally, one or more transparent ceramic layers, having for instance an optical depth of &lgr;/2, applied on the top of the metallic layer. The reflection layer structure is a protection layer as a surface layer. The protection layer is a silicon oxide of general formula SiO where x is a number from 1.1 to 2.0, or is an aluminum oxide of formula Al O , with a thickness of 3nm or more. The protection layer protects the underlying layers from mechanical stresses. In the DIN 58196 wipe test, the protected layer shows no damage after 50 test cycles, each with 100 wiping strokes. These reflectors are useful in the field of lighting and illumination where they can be used for lighting of display units with screens, primary lighting, secondary lighting, raster lighting, light ceilings or light deflector lamella.

A process for manufacturing a panel light-guiding element, including the step of rolling a metal body of one of aluminum and an aluminum alloy in at least one pass between at least two rolls to form a rolled product having at least one structured surface as a light guiding structure having a rib pattern of height h and a tooth-like cross-section. The tooth-like cross-section have a periodic structure of rows of triangles. The triangles have bases which follow each other, a first side of each of the triangles running at an angle &agr;, and a second side at an angle &bgr; from the base which has a length l. At least one of the rolls exhibits an embossed pattern that is structured to form the rib pattern in a rolling direction over a full length of the rolled product and is tooth-like in cross-section so that the angle &agr; is in a range of 5 to 60&deg;, the angle &bgr; in a range of 10 to 90&deg;, the length l in a range of 0.01 to 10 mm and the height h is 0.1 to 2 mm.

Rolled metal product used as a light-guiding structure

A light-guiding panel element arrangeable on a wall or a ceiling for lighting purposes. The light-guiding panel element including a walled metal body having at least one structured surface as a light deflecting structure with a ray of the pattern height h and a toothed-like cross-section. The tooth-like cross-section represents a period structure of rows of triangles. The triangles have bases that follow each other. A first side of each triangle runs at an angle &agr; and a second side at an angle &bgr; from the base which is length 1. The rib structure runs in a rolling direction, &agr; is an angle of 5 to 60&deg;, &bgr; at an angle of 10 to 90&deg;, a length l is 0.01 to 10 mm and the height h of the rib pattern is 0.1 to 2 mm. A line of contact of both sides of each triangle forms an edge with a radius r that is less than l/10.

A rolled product of metal with at least one structured surface with light spreading structure. The structured surface exhibits a groove-type pattern in the form of a series of circular arc lengths that runs in the roiling direction and is wave-like in cross-section. The maximum angle of inclination of a tangent to the circular arc lengths with respect to a plane defined by the surface is 1 to 15&deg;, and the radius of the arc lengths is between 0.1 and 20 mm.

Rolled product of metal exhibiting a light-spreading surface structure

A reflector, with high total reflection, resisting mechanical stress and having a reflector body on which the following components are superimposed (a) a functional coating, e.g., a varnish, (b) a reflection layer structure composed of a reflecting metallic layer and a transparent ceramic layer, having for instance a geometric thickness of 3 nm or more or an optical depth of &lgr;2, applied on the top of the metallic layer. The layer arranged on the surface of the reflection layer structure is formed by the transparent layer which acts simultaneously as a protection layer. The protection layer is a silicon oxide of general formula SiO,, where x is a number from 1.1 to 2.0, or is an aluminum oxide of formula Al,O,. The protection layer protects the underlying layers from mechanical stresses. In the DIN 58196 wipe test, the protected layer shows no damage after 50 test cycles, each with 100 wiping strokes. These reflectors are useful in the field of lighting and illumination where they can be used for lighting of display units with screens, primary lighting, secondary lighting, raster lighting, light ceilings or light deflector lamella.

Structured surface, having a support layer and, connected electrically to it, peak-shaped elements, each peak-shaped element exhibiting a cylindrical or conical shaped stem region adjacent to the support layer and at least two, preferably 2 to 4 peaks at the free end of the stem region. The structured surface is suitable in particular as electron emission source for ultra-flat image screens, for electron lithography or for scanning or transmission microscopy.

Method of making structured surface with peak-shaped elements

Reflectors, for example, for lamps used for technical lighting purposes, having a surface which is resistant to mechanical and chemical attack and has high total reflectivity. The body (10) of the reflector, which is, for example, a rolled aluminum product such as a foil, a strip of a sheet, has a surface layer in the form of a layer system containing (a) a pretreatment layer (11), onto which is deposited (b) a functional layer (12) with silanes, having organo-functional groups, of a metal compound, and onto which is deposited (c) a metal-containing reflective layer (13). Layer (a) is deposited on the reflector body and increases the strength of bonding to the above lying layers (a) and (b). Layer (b) effects a flattening and increase in the mechanical strength of the above lying layer (c). The pretreatment layer can be a layer produced by anodic oxidation. The functional layer (b) can be a sol-gel layer. The reflective layer (c) can be a metallic reflective layer, in some cases with one or more protective layers, which are deposited, e.g., by vacuum thin layer deposition process.

Interference layer which acts as a coloring surface layer on aluminum items, said layer containing an aluminum oxide layer and, deposited on this, a partially transparent layer. The aluminum oxide layer is a transparent, pore-free barrier layer produced by anodizing, of predetermined thickness d corresponding to the desired surface color of the interference layer; the thickness d of the barrier layer lies between 20 and 900 nm, and the partially transparent layer exhibits a wavelength dependent transmission .tau.(.lambda.) which is greater than 0.01 and smaller than 1. The side of the partially transparent layer facing away from the barrier layer is preferably protected from mechanical and chemical effects by an additional, transparent protective layer.

Aluminum surface with interference colors

Structured surface, having a support layer and, connected electrically to it, peak-shaped elements each peak-shaped element exhibiting a cylindrical or conical shaped stem region adjacent to the support layer and at least two, preferably 2 to 4 peaks at the free end of the stem region. The structured surface is suitable in particular as electron emission source for ultra-flat image screens, for electron lithography or for scanning or transmission microscopy.

Growing community of inventors

Schaffhausen, Switzerland

Roman Fuchs