U.S. Philips Corporation

U.S. Phillips Corporation

Rolf E Linde

Erhard P Klotz

Reiner H Koppe

Paul R Haaker

Hermann Weiss

Ulf Tiemens

Wilfried Mauser

Horst Peemoller

William J Dallas

Karsten P Hansen

Holger Moller

A memory arrangement for fast geometric transformation of an image is formed by a first memory for storing image values generated by an image-generating system, a second memory for storing image values corresponding to an image resulting from geometric transformation of image values from the first memory, and a third memory with the same number of memory addresses as the second memory and in which an assignment between the addresses of the first and second memories is stored.

Circuit arrangement for geometric image transformation including a

An X-ray diagnostic apparatus, comprises an X-ray source (1), an imaging surface (6) on which the intensity distribution of the X-rays to be applied to a test object (4) is imaged, an optical imaging device for imaging an overall image (10) of the imaging surface (6) onto the entrance surface of a first image sensor (11), a device (12) for the visual display of the overall image (10), and an imaging enlargement device for the enlarged visual display of a selectable detail of the overall image. Strongly enlarged and still high-resolution detail images are generated in that the selectable detail (20) of the overall image is directed onto a second image sensor 16) which discriminates a substantially higher number of pixels relative to the unit of surface area of the overall image.

X-ray diagnostic apparatus comprising means for the enlarged visual

The invention relates to a method of forming images of layers of an object, and a device for performing this method. The layer images are formed from single-shadow images produced from different radiation source positions. The image values of the single-shadow images are first stored in a first as well as in a second memory. From the values of given image points in the second memory, a layer image value is calculated. The layer image value is added to the corresponding image points in a third memory. From the differences between these standardized sums in the third memory and the original image values in the first memory, there are formed correction values for correcting the image values in the second memory. Improved layer images are thus obtained.

Method of and device for forming layer images of an object

The invention relates to a method which enables spatial display in cases where X-ray images are formed from different perspectives which are situated far apart. To this end, from the single images a synthetic image of the examination zone is calculated for at least one position which neighbors one of the radiation source positions, which synthetic image is used for imaging the examination zone.

Method of generating an image of a layer of an object

The invention relates to a method of generating a layer image from a plurality of single images, the image processing errors which locally occur in the single images being substantially eliminated in the layer image. To this end, the image values for the individual layer image points are formed by that image value of the image points geometrically situated with the layer image point which corresponds to the next to the lowest absorption value.

Method of generating an X-ray layer image of an examination zone, and

The invention relates to an X-ray subtraction method, and equipment for implementing this method, in which a moving structure is subtracted from the fixed background. The picture values corresponding to the minimum absorption are used as the mask image for each picture element from the projection images.

Method for separating moving structures from a fixed background in a

A method of generating layer images from a number of single-shadow images and a device for performing this method. The absorption values associated with the image points of the single-shadow images are stored in a memory. The image value of the layer-image point is formed from the lowest absorption values associated with this layer-image point. Structures or artefacts which are situated outside the layer being imaged can thus be eliminated from the image.

Method of generating layer images

A tomosynthesis apparatus for the formation of layer images of a body. The apparatus has a large number of radiation source positions which are situated in one radiation source plane. The radiation from the sources in stopped by a diaphragm device so that the radiation beams passing through the diaphragm apertures irradiate a common superposition zone and are incident on a detector surface which is arranged behind the superposition zone. The diaphragm apertures are shaped so that in the detector plane the edge of the radiation beam of each radiation source is at least locally tangent to the edge of a cylinder which is centrally projected onto the detector surface by the radiation source and which is situated within the superposition zone. The axis of the cylinder extends at least approximately perpendicular to the radiation source plane.

Tomosynthesis apparatus

In a short-time tomosynthesis apparatus for imaging layers of a body to be examined, the body is irradiated by radiation beams from a large number of different directions in order to form perspective images. The radiation beams are detected by a detector which is arranged underneath the body. The perspective images appearing on the exit of the detector will overlap when the radiation beams have a comparatively large angle of aperture. For separating the perspective images, an image separating system is provided at the exit of the detector. The image separating system may comprise a fiber-optical system or an electron-optical deflection unit.

Device for imaging layers of a body

Apparatus for the layer-wise imaging of an object by means of a large number of radiation sources which are situated in a radiation source plane and whose radiation beams intersect one another so that the approximately equally large radiation beam cross-sections which are situated in one irradiation plane almost completely cover one another. A record carrier is arranged on the other side of the object in order to record perspective images produced by the radiation beams. A imaging matrix which comprises imaging elements for the superposition of the perspective images on an image display device is disposed behind the record carrier. Displacement means are provided in order to realize a relative movement between the irradiation plane and the object or an object table carrying the object.

Fluoroscopy apparatus for forming layer images of a three-dimensional

The invention relates to a device for producing images of a layer of a three-dimensional object, with radiation sources arranged in a radiation source plane, for irradiating the object with beams of rays from different directions, and with several planar recording layers, arranged parallel to one another, of recording all said shadow images, wherein before each recording layer there is arranged a diaphragm arrangement that has been allocated to it for (stepwise) masking of the beams of rays, and wherein the diaphragm apertures of each diaphragm arrangement are so much the smaller, the greater the distance the diaphragm arrangement is from the radiation sources.

Device for producing images of a layer of an object from multiple shadow

A device for imaging layers of the interior of a three-dimensional object. The object is irradiated from a large number of radiation source positions which are distributed in one plane from this, a coded image of the object which coded image consists of separate perspective images is produced. The coded image is illuminated and imaged by means of an imaging matrix whose imaging elements are distributed in the matrix plane according to the flat distribution of the radiation source positions. Layer images of the object are formed on a photosensitive element by the superposition of the perspective images. For forming different layer images of the object, the imaging elements are positioned in different distributions of changed scale with respect to the distribution of the radiation source positions.

Device for reconstructing layer images of a three-dimensional object by

For the formation of layer images of a three-dimensional object, the object is irradiated from a large number of radiation source positions which are situated in one plane. Thus, a coded image of the object, consisting of individual perspective images, is formed. Subsequently, the coded image is illuminated and the perspective images thereof are superposed for the reconstruction of the object by means of a lens matrix which extends parallel to the plane of the coded image and whose flat lens distribution corresponds to the distribution of the radiation source positions. In the superposition zone of the perspective images, a photosensitive element is introduced in order to form individual layer images of the object. For the formation of the different layer images on the photosensitive element, the lens matrix is displaced in the direction of the optical axis, and the photosensitive element is positioned each time within the depth of focus range of the lenses of the lens matrix.

Device for forming layer images of a three-dimensional object by means

Disclosed is a method of making an inverse filter wherein a single photographic plate is illuminated by the object and reference waves so as to expose the photographic material in the logarithmic portion of its transmittance versus illumination curve to thereby form a holographic image which upon development forms the inverse filter.

Method of manufacturing inverse filters by holographic techniques

Apparatus for examining objects includes a group of X-ray sources, which are activated group-wise by a generator. A group of sub-images are separately projected onto a photographic film. During a subsequent step, the film is re-imaged with the aid of an optical lens matrix the lenses in the matrix are arranged in a manner similar to the X-ray sources.

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Haseldorf, Germany

Rolf E Linde