International Business Machines Corporation

Roland Germann

Gian-Luca Bona

Bert Jan Offrein

Huub L Salemink

Dorothea W Wiesmann

Timothy Joseph Dalton

Chandrasekhar Narayan

Charles Thomas Black

Nicholas C M Fuller

Siegfried Friedrich Karg

Walter Heinrich Riess

Maurice McGlashan-Powell

Peter Bloechl

Huub Salemink

David V Horak

Heike E Riel

Robert L Sandstrom

Peter Mueller

Folkert Horst

Ute Drechsler

Ingmar G Meijer

Akihisa Sekiguchi

Tilman A Beierlein

Paul F Seidler

Reto R Schlittler

Santos F Alvarado

Roland W Widmer

Ingmar Meijer

Robert L Sandstorm

Brian K Crone

Lieike Riel

Beat Ruhstaller

Ilana Massarek

Illana Massarek

Horst Folkert

A device for patterning structures on a substrate includes an imaging device having a scanning tip, a light emitting device, and a space around the scanning tip. The space comprises a vapor of a material which is suitable for Chemical Vapor Deposition onto the substrate when decomposed. The light emitting device is adapted to emit a light beam, which has an intensity not capable to decompose the vapor, onto the scanning tip in such a way that an electromagnetic field induced by the light beam near the scanning tip is high enough to decompose the vapor.

Device and method for patterning structures on a substrate

A method in effectuating the redirection of light which is propagated within a waveguide, and which eliminates the necessity for a bending of the waveguide, or the drawbacks encountered in directional changes in propagated light involving the need for sharp curves of essentially small-sized radii, which would resultingly lead to excessive losses in light. In this connection, the method relates to the fabricating and the provision of a wire-grid polarization beam splitter within an optical waveguide, which utilizes a diblock copolymer template to formulate the wire-grid.

Waveguide polarization beam splitters and method of fabricating a waveguide wire-grid polarization beam splitter

The present invention discloses an electrode structure for electronic and opto-electronic devices. Such a device comprises a first electrode substantially having a conductive layer (), a nonmetal layer () formed on the conductive layer, a fluorocarbon layer () formed on the nonmetal layer, a structure () formed on the structure. The electrode may further comprise a buffer layer () between the conductive layer and the nonmetal layer.

Electrode structure for electronic and opto-electronic devices

An apparatus for self-aligning an optical fiber to an optical waveguide. The apparatus includes an optical waveguide chip including: one or more optical waveguides formed on a first substrate, each optical waveguide having a protruding portion; and one or more alignment rails formed on the first substrate, each alignment rail spaced apart from each optical waveguide by a predetermined distance; and an alignment jig including: one or more grooves formed in a second substrate, each groove adapted to receive one protruding portion and each groove supporting one optical fiber in alignment with one optical waveguide; and one or more alignment grooves formed on the second substrate, each alignment groove spaced apart from the grooves by the predetermined distance and adapted to mate with the alignment rails.

Self-aligned optical waveguide to optical fiber connection system

A method for manufacturing an optical device with a defined total device stress and a therefrom resulting defined birefringence and a therefrom resulting defined optical polarization dependence is disclosed. In a preferred embodiment, a lower cladding layer of an amorphous material with a first refractive index is provided and above that an upper cladding layer of an amorphous material with a second refractive index, which latter is manufactured from a material which is tunable in its stress. Between the lower and upper cladding layer an optical waveguide core is manufactured comprising an amorphous material having a third refractive index which is larger than the first and second refractive index. The optical waveguide core is thermally annealed, after which it has a defined waveguide core stress. The upper cladding layer is manufactured to have a cladding layer stress that together with the waveguide core stress results in the total device stress.

Method for manufacturing an optical device with a defined total device stress

A method for manufacturing an optical device with a defined total device stress, birefringence and optical polarization dependence is disclosed. The method comprises first providing a tower cladding layer of an amorphous material with a first refractive index and then providing above the lower cladding layer an upper cladding layer of an amorphous material with a second refractive index. An optical waveguide core comprising an amorphous material having a third refractive index (larger than the first refractive index and the second refractive index) is provided between the lower and the upper cladding layers. The upper cladding layer is thermally annealed by keeping the upper cladding layer at a first temperature, then raising the temperature to a second temperature, maintaining the second temperature for an annealing time period, and lowering the temperature to a third temperature, after which the temperature is lowered to a fourth temperature.

An optical waveguide device is proposed which comprises a substrate, thereupon a lower cladding layer, thereupon an upper cladding layer and between said cladding layers a waveguide element. The influence of the substrate on the stress-induced birefringence of the optical waveguide device is reduced by modification of the substrate from underneath the waveguide element.

Optical waveguide device

An optical device with a defined total device stress (&sgr; ) and a therefrom resulting defined birefringence in order to obtain a well defined optical polarization dependence is proposed. It comprises a lower cladding layer ( ) with a first refractive index (n ), thereon an upper cladding layer ( ) with a second refractive index (n ) and between an optical waveguide core ( ) with a third refractive index (n ) which is bigger than the first refractive index (n ) and the second refractive index (n ). The optical waveguide core ( ) has a waveguide core stress (&sgr; ) resulting from the manufacturing process and the upper cladding layer ( ) is manufactured to have an inherent cladding layer stress (&sgr; ) which together with the waveguide core stress (&sgr; ) results in the total device stress (&sgr; ).

Optical device with a defined total device stress and method for manufacturing it

A singlemode lightwaveguide-coupling element is positioned between an initial waveguide section which there has a basic final width (W ) and a final waveguide section which there has a basic initial width (W ) which is bigger than the basic final width (W ). The lightwave directions of both waveguide sections are inclined at a predetermined total angle (&Dgr;&agr;) towards each other. Starting from the initial waveguide section, the lightwaveguide element comprises intermediate waveguide sections each of which at its end has a lightwave direction which is inclined towards the lightwave direction at its opposite end at an inclination angle (&Dgr;&agr; ), such that the sum of all inclination angles equals the predetermined total angle (&Dgr;&agr;).

Singlemode lightwaveguide-coupling element

Optical memory for storing data

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Wangen, Switzerland

Roland Germann