Exxon Research and Engineering Company

University of Massachusetts

Research, Incorporated

Other

The Dow Chemical Company

United States of America As Represented by the Secretary of the Air Force

Exxon Chemical Patents, Inc.

Akzo N.v.

Univ. of Mass. at Amherst

Robert W Lenz

Simon W Kantor

John E Chandler

Michel Vert

William J Ward

Robert D Lundberg

Ki-Soo Kim

Sophia Dashevsky

Burnett H Johnson

Frank E Karasz

William John Ward

Toshihiro Sagane

Dean T Behm

Thomas F McCarthy

David R Gagnon

Ashok Tendolkar

James D Capistran

Sridevi Narayan

Manuela Benvenuti

Bernd Oster

Random and block copolyesters which are liquid crystalline can be formed containing: (a) alkoxy-substituted para-phenylene terephthalate groups (i.e., derived from an analogously substituted hydroquinone reagent); and (b) alkylene-terephthalate groups (e.g., where the alkylene moiety contains 2 to 10 carbon atoms).

Liquid crystal copolymer containing alkoxy-substituted para-phenylene

Thermotropic liquid crystalline poly(ester-amide) compositions are disclosed which comprise a bis(4-carbonyl phenylene) terephthalate unit and a unit derived from an N-substituted hydrocarbylenediamine (e.g., one derived from an N,N-dialkylalkylene).

Thermotropic liquid crystalline poly(ester-amides)

A copolymer of (1) a triad aromatic ester mesogenic unit containing a flexible polyalkylene spacer in the main chain thereof and (2) a polyester is disclosed.

Copolymer of liquid crystal triad aromatic ester mesogenic unit with

Liquid crystalline polyesters of the aromatic triad type are formed by reaction of an alkylene bis(acetoxybenzoate) monomer and an aromatic dicarboxylic acid monomer with removal of acetic acid by-product therefrom.

Process to synthesize liquid crystalline polyesters

Novel liquid crystal polyesters can be formed by reaction of bis(hydroxyalkoxy)biphenyls (including the novel bis(2-hydroxybutoxy)biphenyl) with terephthaloyl chloride.

Liquid crystalline polyesters formed by reaction of bis(hydroxyalkoxy)

A method of polymerizing at least one .beta.-substituted-.beta.-propiolactone in the presence of a catalytic amount of isobutylaluminoxane in a solvent for the .beta.-propiolactone(s) and isobutylaluminoxane for a time and at a temperature to produce a poly(.beta.-substituted-.beta.-propiolactone) polyester and the polyesters produced thereby are disclosed.

Catalytic polymerization of .beta.-substituted-.beta.-propiolactones by

A thermotropic polymer, having an optically anisotropic phase, comprises recurring units of the formula (1) ##STR1## wherein R is a substantially linear organic substituent having a bulkiness factor greater than about 4 .ANG., and wherein X is a direct bond, --O--CH.sub.2).sub.n (n being an integer of 1 to 8) or --OCH.sub.2 CH.sub.2).sub.m (m=1, 2 or 3). The thermotropic polymer has a molecular weight distribution (Mw/Mn) of less than about 1.4.

Liquid crystalline polymer

Poly (p-xylylidenes) having a high degree of polymerization in the form of films, foams or highly molecularly oriented films and fibers are chemically modified from insulators to conducting materials by exposure to either p- or n-type dopants. Poly (p-xylylidene) films are cast from aqueous solutions of a poly (p-xylene-.alpha.-dimethylsulfonium salt) polyelectrolyte. Processing of the films at elevated temperatures can yield both fibers and foams. Exposure of the poly (p-xylylidene) films, fibers or foams to p-type dopants result in an up to fifteen order of magnitude increase in conductivity, while n-type coping yields a nine order of magnitude increase. Doping of molecularly oriented films and fibers yields a highly anisotropic conductor with a greatly improved conductivity in the orientation direction.

Conducting poly (p-xylylidenes)

Thermotropic polymers containing ester linkages and having liquid crystalline properties in the molten state are prepared with certain aromatic diols, such as tetramethyl dihydroxy biphenyls having halogen substituents meta to the oxygen atoms.

Thermotropic liquid crystalline polymers

The present invention relates to a free radical emulsion polymerization process for the formation of substantially gel-free co- or terpolymers of a major portion of at least one conjugated diene and a minor portion of a sulfonate containing monomer, wherein the co- or terpolymers are water insoluble and have about 18 to about 100 meq of sulfonate groups per 100 grams of polymer.

Sulfonated copolymers and process for forming the sulfonated copolymers

Crystalline co-polybenzyls are prepared by the polymerization of 2,5-dimethylbenzyl chloride with a benzyl halide of the same series.

Crystalline co-polybenzyls preparation

A polymer containing repeating units of the formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are independently hydrogen, alkyl, aryl, aralkyl, substituted alkyl, substituted aryl, substituted aralkyl, R.sub.3 is hydrogen, alkyl or CH.sub.2n COOR.sub.8 where n is an integer of 0 to 10, R.sub.6 is OR or NR.sub.4 R.sub.5, wherein R and R.sub.8 are independently hydrogen or a group derived from a compound containing esterifiable hydroxyl groups, R.sub.4 and R.sub.5 are independently alkyl, aryl, aralkyl, substituted alkyl, substituted aryl, substituted aralkyl or together comprise an alkylene group.

Malic acid polymers

A polymer containing repeating units of the formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are independently hydrogen, alkyl, aryl, aralkyl, substituted alkyl, substituted aryl, substituted aralkyl, R.sub.3 is hydrogen, alkyl or --CH.sub.2).sub.n COOR.sub.8 where n is an integer of 0 to 10, R.sub.6 is OR or NR.sub.4 R.sub.5, wherein R and R.sub.8 are independently hydrogen or a group derived from a compound containing esterifiable hydroxyl groups, R.sub.4 and R.sub.5 are independently alkyl, aryl, aralkyl, substituted alkyl, substituted aryl, substituted aralkyl or together comprise an alkylene group.

Polybenzyls of high molecular weight and high crystallinity are obtained by polymerizing aralkyl halides in the presence of a catalyst comprising a complex of a Friedel-Crafts catalyst with a complexing agent which can be a nitroarene or a nitroalkane. The complex catalyst allows the polymerization to be run at higher temperatures and with higher rates. Yields are obtained up to 100%.

Preparation of linear crystalline homopolybenzyl

Crystalline co-polybenzyls are prepared by the polymerization of 2,5-dimethylbenzyl chloride with a benzyl halide of the same series. The polymers have utility in general thermoplastic applications such as, for example, the manufacture of conduits, hoses and pipes, as coatings for wire and cables, the manufacture of seals, molds and mechanical goods, tanks and pipelinings, and in other articles of manufacture.

Growing community of inventors

Amherst, MA, United States of America

Robert W Lenz