Atlantic Richfield Company

Katalistiks, Inc.

Robert R Edison

Thorpe Dresser

Martin P Grosboll

Richard L Holloway

Stanley Ohlswager

Stephen J Wachtel

Edward D Burger

Daniel J Curtin

Disclosed is a hydrocarbon conversion process in which solid particles capable of promoting the conversion of a sulfur-containing hydrocarbon feedstock in intimate admixture with a minor amount of discrete entities effective to reduce atmospheric emissions of sulfur oxides from the process are circulated between at least one reaction zone wherein sulfur-containing deposits are formed on the solid particles, and at least one regeneration zone wherein at least a portion of the deposits is removed from the solid particles to produce regenerated solid particles which are circulated to the reaction zone and sulfur oxides; and the discrete entities are capable of associating with sulfur trioxide in the regeneration zone and of disassociating with sulfur trioxide in the reaction zone. The improvement comprises contacting the regenerated solid particles and discrete entities with at least one gaseous reducing medium prior to the solid particles and discrete entities entering the reaction zone.

Hydrocarbon cracking process

An apparatus for distributing a liquid-vapor mixture into two or more separate streams or paths involving a hollow vessel having a fluid inlet means; at least two pipe means each of which have one end extending into the vessel, each pipe means being in fluid communication with a different pass of a heat-exchanger system having at least two passes, each pipe means providing a different path for liquid-vapor flow from the hollow vessel; at least one aperture in that part of each of the pipe means extending into the vessel and restrictive means located in the vessel to restrict fluid flow directly into the top openings of the pipe means. In an additional embodiment, each of the pipe means is in fluid communication with a different chemical reaction zone. Improved methods of distributing a liquid-vapor mixture are also disclosed.

Method and apparatus for the distribution of liquid-vapor mixture

Improved method and apparatus for distributing a fluid, e.g., a liquid-vapor mixture, through a conduit, e.g., a tube in a direct fired heater, involving at least one reduction means located inside the conduit to abruptly reduce the inside cross-sectional area of the conduit available for flow of the fluid, provided that the inside cross-sectional area of the conduit is substantially the same both before and after the reduction means.

Apparatus and method for improved fluid distribution in a tube of a

Liquid vapor distribution apparatus

A method for producing a hydrocarbon material having a reduced nitrogen content involves contacting a nitrogen-containing hydrocarbon feedstock, e.g., crude shale oil, shale oil derived gas oil, mixtures thereof and the like, in at least one reaction zone with a catalyst to polymerize at least a portion of the contained nitrogen compounds, e.g., refractory high boiling nitrogen-containing compounds, and, thereafter, separating, e.g., flashing, the resulting reactor effluent to produce a hydrocarbon material having a reduced nitrogen content relative to the feedstock and effluent. This hydrocarbon material may be advantageously used in hydrocarbon hydrotreating. Also provided is an apparatus comprising a catalytic reactor-fractionator which can be used to carry out the method of the present invention comprising upper and lower rectification sections separated by a catalyst bed, means for introducing feedstock into the lower section and removing bottoms therefrom, and means for removing effluent from the upper section.

Catalytic reactor-fractionator apparatus

Disclosed is an apparatus for distributing a generally downwardly flowing liquid-vapor mixture through a bed of solid particles comprising:

Apparatus and process for distributing a mixed phase through solids

A method for producing a hydrocarbon material having a reduced nitrogen content involves contacting a nitrogen-containing hydrocarbon feedstock, e.g., crude shale oil, shale oil derived gas oil, mixtures thereof and the like, in at least one reaction zone with a catalyst to polymerize at least a portion of the contained nitrogen compounds, e.g., refractory high boiling nitrogen-containing compounds, and, thereafter, separating, e.g., flashing, the resulting reactor effluent to produce a hydrocarbon material having a reduced nitrogen content relative to the feedstock and effluent. This hydrocarbon material may be advantageously used in hydrocarbon hydrotreating. Also provided is a novel apparatus which can be used to carry out the method of the present invention.

Reduced nitrogen content of hydrocarbon fraction by catalytic

In a process in which a hydrocarbon stream is hydrogenatively dealkylated to prepare benzene, small amounts of naphthalene may occur in the crude product. Instead of isolating and recovering such naphthalene, it is recycled to extinction so that the process comprises the hydrogenative conversion of the minor amount of naphthalene to benzene and methane.

Benzene by hydrogenative dealkylation

Method of removing a contaminant, such as arsenic or selenium, from a synthetic hydrocarbonaceous fluid comprising providing a guard bed having a plurality of sections, a first section having from about 10 to about 75 percent of its volume occupied by a contaminant-removing material comprising, alone or on a carrier, either iron, cobalt, nickel, oxides or sulfides of these metals, or combinations thereof; the remainder being inert material. A second section of the guard bed has a major portion of its volume occupied by the contaminant-removing material. The feed oil, in the presence of hydrogen is contacted with the particles in the respective sections of the guard bed.

Method of removing contaminant from a hydrocarbonaceous fluid

Apparatus and method for removing particulate impurities from a fluid stream flowing into a bed of discrete solid elements, such as a bed of catalyst particles. An improved basket design is provided which maximizes the use of the bed and the mesh area of the basket to remove the particulate impurities in such a manner that the cycle life of the bed of catalyst particles or the like is extended.

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Olympia Fields, IL, United States of America

Robert R Edison