Chevron Research Company

Robert P Sieg

Byron G Spars

P Henrik Wallman

James Richard Ouimette

Jacob D Kemp

Burned oil shale recycled as heat transfer solids in retorting process conditioned under reducing conditions with hydrocarbon to improve product yield.

Conditioning of recycle shale in retorting process

A temperature gradient in staged turbulent bed retort established by adding heat transfer material at different levels along vertical length of retort to prevent thermal cracking of product vapors.

Temperature gradient in retort for pyrolysis of carbon containing solids

A fluid-contacting process wherein fluid is contacted with convex and polylobal particles, the contacting stopped, a mixture of the particles formed and subsequently separated by screening. Also disclosed is a catalytic conversion process wherein a reaction is carried out in the presence of convex and polylobal catalysts, the reacting stopped, the catalysts withdrawn as a physical mixture from which one of the catalysts is separated, regenerated and returned to the process.

Fluid-contacting process

Disclosed is an oil shale retorting process which is suitable for retorting lean oil shale containing less than 0.13 liters of oil per kilogram of shale. The raw shale is preferably retorted in a staged turbulent bed and the retorted hydrocarbonaceous vapors containing entrained shale fines are withdrawn therefrom. The fines are concentrated in a portion of the liquid product and fed to a combustion with the previously retorted shale to provide the heat required for retorting the raw shale.

Shale retorting with supplemental combustion fuel

A process for producing a high-octane gasoline having reduced smog-forming tendencies, which comprises:

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Walnut Creek, CA, United States of America

Robert P Sieg