Alzeta Corporation

Gas Research Institute

Acurex Corporation

Other

Robert M Kendall

John P Kesselring

Richard J Schreiber

Frederick E Moreno

Wayne V Krill

Andrew C Minden

David Frederick Bartz

Scott H Smith

Steven J Greenberg

Richard K Tidball

Richard L Pam

Thomas Wong

John D Sullivan

William F Lapson

Martin G Carswell

John J Lannutti

Nathan Saito

Michael J Duret

James A Gotterba

Michael A Lukasiewicz

Jeffrey M Kennedy

William R Casey

A segmented radiant gas burner features wide modulation of thermal output simply by the independent control of fuel gas flow to each burner segment. The burner also features a porous fiber burner face, preferably having dual porosities, and a metal liner positioned to provide a compact combustion zone adjacent the burner face. The segmented radiant burner is ideally suited for use with gas turbines not only because of its compactness and broad thermal modulation but also because only the flow of fuel gas to each burner segment requires control while the flow of compressed air into all segments of the burner remains unchanged.

Method of using segmented gas burner with gas turbines

A segmented surface-stabilized gas burner features wide modulation of thermal output simply by the independent control of fuel gas flow to each burner segment. The burner also features a porous fiber burner face, preferably having dual porosities, and a metal liner positioned to provide a compact combustion zone adjacent the burner face. The segmented surface-stabilized burner is ideally suited for use with gas turbines not only because of its compactness and broad thermal modulation but also because only the flow of fuel gas to each burner segment requires control while the relative flow of compressed air into the segments of the burner remains unchanged.

Segmented surface-stabilized gas burner and method of use with gas turbines

A porous, low-conductivity material formed of metal or ceramic fibers provides the burner face of a gaseous fuel combustor for gas turbines capable of minimizing nitrogen oxides (NO,) emissions in the combustion product gases. A preferred burner face, when fired at atmospheric pressure, yields radiant surface combustion with interspersed areas of blue flame combustion. A rigid but porous mat of sintered metal fibers with interspersed bands of perforations is illustrative of a preferred burner face that can be fired at pressures exceeding 3 atmospheres at the rate of at least about 500,000 BTU/hr/sf/atm. By controlling the excess air admixed with the fuel in the range of about 40% to 150% to maintain an adiabatic flame temperature in the range of about 2600&deg; F. to 3300&deg; F., the NO,emissions are suppressed to 5 ppm and even below 2 ppm. At all times, carbon monoxide and unburned hydrocarbons emissions do not exceed 10 ppm, combined.

Burner for operating gas turbines with minimal NOx emissions

A porous, low-conductivity material formed of metal or ceramic fibers provides the burner face of a gaseous fuel combustor for gas turbines capable of minimizing nitrogen oxides (NO,) emissions in the combustion product gases. A preferred burner face, when fired at atmospheric pressure, yields radiant surface combustion with interspersed areas of blue flame combustion. A rigid but porous mat of sintered metal fibers with interspersed bands of perforations is illustrative of a preferred burner face that can be fired at pressures exceeding 3 atmospheres at the rate of at least about 500,000 BTU/her/sf/atm. By controlling the excess air admixed with the fuel in the range of about 40% to 150% to maintain an adiabatic flame temperature in the range of about 2600&deg; F. to 3300&deg; F., the NO,emissions are suppressed to 5 ppm and even below 2 ppm. At all times, carbon monoxide and unburned hydrocarbons emissions do not exceed 10 ppm, combined.

Burner and process for operating gas turbines with minimal NOx emissions

The adsorption of at least one component of a gas mixture is improved by passing the gas through an adsorption zone wherein the adsorbent is distributed in rectilinear channels that stepwise both diminish in transverse size and hold a diminished weight of adsorbent. An adsorption zone with only two steps or stages of reduced channel size and reduced adsorbent weight in the flow direction of a gas passed therethrough permits much greater capture of the adsorbate component with an equivalent total weight of adsorbent when compared with the same adsorption zone with a single channel size and a uniform weight of adsorbent. Three or more stages of diminishing channel size and adsorbent weight in the flow direction of the gas passed therethrough may be chosen for separating some gas mixtures. Greater adsorbent capture effectiveness leads to longer adsorption periods between regeneration periods and reduced fuel consumption in regenerating an adsorbent distributed in two or more stages of diminishing weight and diminishing channel size. Fuel economy is an additional benefit of the novel system.

Adsorption process and apparatus

The disposal of troublesome substances, especially global-warming halogenated compounds is difficult enough, but is particularly difficult when associated with particulate-forming matter, such as silane and arsine commonly encountered in waste gas streams of the semiconductor industry. The combustive destruction of the troublesome substances in such a waste gas stream is simply and successfully achieved by injecting the stream admixed with fuel gas into a combustion zone surrounded by the radiant surface of a foraminous gas burner that is separately fed fuel gas and excess air sufficient to burn all the combustibles entering the combustion zone. A simple apparatus integrates the combustion zone with a quenching zone for the combustion product stream.

Apparatus for combustive destruction of troublesome substances

Combustive destruction of halogenated compounds

A gaseous fuel burner and method in which a high-firing rate (blue/non-surface radiant) zone is created between two lower firing rate (red/surface radiant) combustion zones. The method of the invention can be achieved by selective perforation of porous sintered fiber mat burner surfaces to achieve improved burner performance and relatively low NO.sub.x emissions.

Multiple firing rate zone burner and method

A watertube boiler system is disclosed which provides a plurality of radiant burners mounted within a housing in parallel, spaced-apart relationship. Individual burners are encircled by heat cells comprised of watertube coils which are in tangential juxtaposed relationship achieving a high view factor to the burner surfaces. Premixed fuel and air combusts on the outer surfaces of the burners which radiate energy to the tubes forming the heat cells. The ratio of combustion surface area to heat cell volume is within an optimum range for minimizing NOX and CO emissions.

Radiant cell watertube boiler and method

An unsintered metal fiber burner is produced by mixing ceramic fibers with the metal fibers and binding the mixed metal-ceramic fibers together as a porous layer adherent to a foraminous support. By mixing ceramic fibers with metal fibers, the cost of a sintered metal fiber burner is reduced while the novel burner, because of the metal fiber therein, exhibits improved properties such as greater radiant efficiency, lower NO.sub.x emissions and increased durability.

Unsintered fiber burner made with metal fibers, ceramic fibers and

Remarkable suppression of the formation of pollutants: NO.sub.x, CO and UHC, in the flameless combustion of gaseous fuel with excess air is achieved by passing the fuel and air through a porous surface combustor directly into an adiabatic zone, and by controlling the amount of excess air to be greater than about 50% but not greater than about 150% in excess of the stoichiometric requirement. The furnace with the adiabatic zone for the suppression of pollutants will preferably have a refractory body as part of the adiabatic zone.

Adiabatic surface combustion with excess air

A peep sight for use with an archer's bow is fabricated from a non-opaque material to which a light enhancing color has been added. The available light is thereby intensified in the peep sight so that visibility is increased at low light levels. The peep sight has four notched corners for mounting the peep sight on the bowstring. When so mounted the strands of the bowstring do not obstruct the vision of the archer. Furthermore, the peep hole in the peep sight may be angled to increase the field of vision of the archer. A dark annular ledge is provided about the peep hole to further improve viewing definition through the peep sight. In a second embodiment, a source of energy, and a light source connected to the peep sight by a fiber optic cord also provides a peep sight for improved visibility for the archer.

Light saver peep sight for archers

An efficient gas-fired bayonet-type heater has been developed to challenge the dominant position long enjoyed by the electric bayonet-type heater. The new heater replaces the electric resistance element in the bayonet-type heat exchange shell with a tubular porous fiber burner having a high length-to-diameter ratio attached to a long feed tube for the gas-air mixture. An annular space around the burner and feed tube within the shell provides the path for the combustion gases to flow to a discharge opening near the entry point of the gas-air mixture.

Gas-fired bayonet-type heater

A gas-fired radiant tube that employs heterogeneous catalytic combustion, and a high combustion efficiency, low NO.sub.x catalytic combustion radiant tube heating system, incorporating the radiant tube, are disclosed. In the system, essentially mirror image, combined inlet/exhaust units containing heat regenerator units are connected at opposite ends of the catalytic combustion tube. Combustion flow is cycled back and forth through the units and the combustion tube so that during any given cycle the hot exhaust gases heat the regenerator in the exhaust side of the flow for preheating the inlet gases during the next, reversed flow cycle and the natural gas fuel is completely oxidized. Thus, the cycled flow completely consumes the fuel and constantly preheats inlet air so that the sytem provides both high combustion efficiency and high thermal efficiency.

Radiant tube heating system

Zone-controlled radiant burners are provided for retrofit installation in existing heaters. The burners comprise hollow cylindrical fiber matrix layers with baffles forming separate plena. A main stream of pre-mixed fuel and air is directed into the middle plenum, with the mixture flowing through the fiber matrix layer and incandescently combusting on the active surface zones to radiantly heat the tube coils. A reduced flow of fuel/air mixture, or only air, is directed into the remaining plenum so that the surrounding surface zones are combustibly less active or inactive to avoid destructive overheating of the burner surfaces.

Growing community of inventors

Sunnyvale, CA, United States of America

Robert M Kendall