Gte Products Corporation

Osram Sylvania Inc.

Gte Sylvania Incorporated

Other

Robert L Garrison

George J English

Harold L Rothwell, Jr

James C Morris

Orville R Burr

Elliott F Wyner

Kun Huang

Andre C Bouchard

Ralph J Johnson

Steven C Sidwell

Open LED chips may be arranged directly on the surface of a replaceable lamp capsule without intervening packages that reduce overall light emission. The chips may be oriented in such a way that the lamp generates a unique 'donut' shape radiation pattern, which is suitable for a flat and shallow secondary optics to collimate the light into a desired beam pattern, and to reduce the unaesthetic appearance of points of light in an onlooker's view. The LED chips are driven in such a way that one chip fails, the whole lamp fails to avoid a partially lit appearance. At the same time the heat generated by the LED chips may be conducted away by the support structure to possibly vehicle's sheet metal to enhance life of the LED chip. The standardization of this LED lamp makes this product more cost effective thus to be used in broader lighting applications.

Replaceable LED lamp capsule

Open LED chips may be arranged directly on the surface of a replaceable lamp capsule without intervening packages that reduce overall light emission. The chips may be oriented in such a way that the lamp generates a unique &ldquo;donut&rdquo; shape radiation pattern, which is suitable for a flat and shallow secondary optics to collimate the light into a desired beam pattern, and to reduce the unaesthetic appearance of points of light in an onlooker's view. The LED chips are driven in such a way that one chip fails, the whole lamp fails to avoid a partially lit appearance. At the same time the heat generated by the LED chips may be conducted away by the support structure to possibly vehicle's sheet metal to enhance life of the LED chip. The standardization of this LED lamp makes this product more cost effective thus to be used in broader lighting applications.

A discharge lamp, such as a neon lamp or a subminiature fluorescent lamp, includes an elongated tubular lamp envelope containing a fill material for supporting a light-emitting discharge and electrodes mounted at opposite ends of the lamp envelope. A light-transmissive conductive coating on the lamp envelope substantially attenuates emission of RF energy. A conductor in electrical contact with the conductive coating couples the conductive coating to a reference potential, such as ground. The conductor may be a metal or conductive silicone strip in electrical contact with the conductive coating along the length of the lamp envelope. The discharge lamp may be connected to a ballast circuit by coaxial cables. The outer conductor of each coaxial cable is connected to the conductive coating to form a continuous RF shield. The conductive coating and/or the metal strip may be used for heating of the discharge lamp.

Discharge lamp having light-transmissive conductive coating for RF

A circuit for starting and operating a high intensity discharge (HID) lamp in a dc mode includes a dc-to-dc converter coupled to a pair of direct current input terminals. The dc-to-dc converter includes a semiconductor switch, a power transformer, input and output capacitors and a diode rectifier. A pulse width modulator is coupled to the dc-to-dc converter and includes a high frequency generator for developing a signal for driving the semiconductor switch of the dc-to-dc converter. A reverse recovery circuit coupled to the diode rectifier of the dc-to-dc converter reduces heat losses, eliminates noise and also returns energy to the input of the dc-to-dc converter. The starting and operating circuit further includes voltage and current sensing circuits coupled to a power control summing amplifier. The output of the power control summing amplifier is coupled to the pulse width modulator so as to control the power delivered to the lamp. A warm-up power control circuit allows operation of the lamp at an elevated power level for a predetermined period of time during start-up of the lamp. Also, the warm-up power control circuit includes circuitry for tracking the amount of time the lamp is off and for adjusting the initial lamp power to a hot lamp to a predetermined level.

Starting and operating circuit for ARC discharge lamp

A ballast for starting and operating a high intensity discharge (HID) lamp in a dc mode includes an oscillator coupled to first and second direct current input terminals. The oscillator includes a high frequency generator driving a pair of semiconductor switches. A first transformer having primary and secondary windings is coupled to the semiconductor switches. A rectifier and voltage multiplier circuit converts the voltage across the secondary winding of the first transformer to a dc voltage. A first energy storage circuit coupled to the rectifier and voltage multiplier circuit stores energy for generating a negative-going, high-voltage spike sufficient for initiating a glow condition in the lamp. A second energy storage circuit, which stores energy for application to the HID lamp during starting, insures proper glow-to-arc transition. The starting and operating circuit further includes a control circuit for regulating lamp power in response to control signals received from voltage and current monitoring circuits. A portion of the ballast is adapted to permit the lamp to reach full light output in a relatively short period of time by briefly operating the lamp at an elevated power level during starting.

Fast warm-up ballast for arc discharge lamp

A circuit for starting and operating a high intensity discharge (HID)lamp in a dc mode includes a pulse width modulator (PWM) coupled to first and second direct current input terminals. The PWM includes a high frequency generator driving a pair of semiconductor switches. A first transformer having primary and secondary windings is coupled to the semiconductor switches. A rectifier and voltage multiplier circuit converts the voltage across the secondary winding of the first transformer to a direct current voltage. A first energy storage circuit coupled to the rectifier and voltage multiplier circuit stores energy for generating a high voltage spike which initiates a glow condition in the lamp. A secondary energy storage circuit, which stores energy for application to the HID lamp during starting, insures proper glow-to-arc transition. The starting and operating circuit further includes a second transformer having first and second secondary windings coupled to the HID lamp and a pulse winding coupled to the first energy storage circuit. Preferably, the windings of the second transformer are adapted to apply a negative-going pulse across the lamp. The application of a negative-going pulse prevents failure of the quartz region of the glass around the lamp cathode by insuring that electrons properly migrate from the cathode to the anode. Moreover, the use of the negative-going pulse improves hot restriking.

Arc discharge ballast suitable for automotive applications

A lamp operating circuit comprising a DC power source, an inverter including step-up transformer inductance windings and a controlled transistor switch connected across the output of the DC source, and a high frequency oscillator coupled to the transistor switch for operating the same at predetermined intervals. A low wattage HID lamp is connected across the inverter through a ballast capacitor series connected to one terminal of the lamp and a ballast inductance coupled in series with the other lamp terminal. The ballast inductance and ballast capacitor are selected to resonate sinusoidally at a frequency having a half period coinciding with the on-time of the transistor.

Discharge lamp operating circuit

An adaptor for use with incandescent lamp sockets includes a circuit for igniting a high intensity arc discharge lamp and limiting the current flow thereto. The adaptor includes means for connecting to a source of electrical power and means for connecting to an incandescent lamp socket.

Adaptor for high intensity arc discharge lamps

A circuit for starting and operating an arc lamp includes a full wave rectifier having an input connected to a source of alternating current line voltage and a pair of output terminals having a filter capacitor connected thereacross for providing a source of direct current voltage. Connected to one of the direct current terminals is a resonant charging circuit comprising a controlled rectifier switch, an inductor and a capacitor serially connected in a circuit loop. Another inductor, which may comprise the secondary winding of a starting pulse transformer, is connected between the output of the resonant circuit and one of the supply terminals for the arc lamp to provide the dual function of both averaging filter and lamp ballast. The reference terminal of the direct current source is connected to the other arc lamp supply terminal and through a back swing diode to the output of the resonant circuit. A trigger pulse generator is coupled to the resonant charging circuit for intermittently operating the controlled rectifier switch, and a voltage divider is connected across the direct current source for sensing changes in the line voltage and adjusting the pulse rate of the trigger generator in response thereto. In this manner, once the arc lamp is started and operating, the resonant charging circuit maintains a source of constant power to the arc lamp regardless of line voltage variations. Protective sensing circuitry is also provided for controlling the trigger generator output in the event the line voltage is too low, the load current is too high, or the resonant circuit capacitor has not discharged to zero.

Control circuit providing constant power source

An intrusion alarm system and method is provided which includes one or more sound pulse transmitters that are triggered upon the opening of an entryway, such as a door or window, to produce a high-intensity sound pulse having a decibel level above a predetermined minimum. For example, each transmitter may comprise a percussive photoflash unit in combination with a pyrotechnic device which responds to the radiant output of the fired photoflash unit to emit the intense sound pulse. A centralized detector responds to the sound pulse above a predetermined threshold level to produce an alarm signal. Preferably, the detector comprises an electroacoustical transducer arrangement which provides the dual functions of both sound pulse detection and generation of an audible alarm.

Intrusion alarm system

An intrusion alarm circuit including a single electroacoustical transducer, such as a diaphragm-supported piezoelectric element, connected to an amplifier in a positive feedback loop configuration. The transducer functions as both a sound pickup and sound generator. When the ambient sound level exceeds a preselected threshold level, the resulting vibration of the transducer generates a voltage which activates the amplifier, whereupon the transducer vibrations are sustained and amplified in the manner of an oscillator, thereby producing an audible alarm.

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Henniker, NH, United States of America

Robert L Garrison