Siemens Aktiengesellschaft

Robert Kugler

Dieter Noack

Hans-Eberhard Simmel

Horst Eggert

Joachim Diekmann

A method for generating a circuit-breaking signal in dependence upon the magnitude and duration of an excess current, where a measured quantity, derived from the excess current, is sampled, is converted into digital values, and these values are weighted in accordance with a predetermined function and are added in order to obtain a circuit-breaking signal when the sum exceeds a predetermined comparison value. In order to improve upon a method of this kind in such a manner that, in the case of a diminishing excess current, a false interruption of the circuit is safely prevented, an auxiliary quantity (.DELTA.i) is formed which corresponds to the difference quotient or differential quotient of the measured quantity (M) and when the absolute amount of the auxiliary quantity (.DELTA.i) is already below a predetermined limit value and the sampled value of the excess current is below a predetermined threshold (S), the addition is interrupted.

Method for generating circuit-breaking signals

A shock absorber for the absorption of vibrations acting horizontally between foundation and base of an apparatus includes two shock absorbing components which are connected to each other through a pendulum. The free ends of the pendulum are linked in wobble-like fashion to respective ones of the shock absorbing components and at least one friction surface is disposed between the shock absorbing components for absorbing the vibrations and translating the same into heat.

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Berlin, Germany

Robert Kugler