Sri International

Robert J Schmitt

Paul E Penwell

Jeffrey C Bottaro

Mark A Petrie

David C Bomberger

David S Ross

James F Wolfe

The present invention features methods for preparing stabilized &agr;-AlH and &agr;&prime;-AlH , compositions containing these alane polymorphs, e.g., energetic compositions such as rocket propellants, and methods for using the novel polymorphs as chemical reducing agents, polymerization catalysts, and as a hydrogen source in fuel cells and batteries. The method produces stabilized alane by treating &agr;-AlH with an acidic solution that optionally contains a stabilizing agent such as an electron donor, an electron acceptor, or a compound which coordinates the Al ion.

Stabilized aluminum hydride polymorphs

Novel compounds are provided in the form of nucleoside pyrophosphate and triphosphate analogs. In these analogs, the pyrophosphate or triphosphate group is replaced with a moiety that is isosterically and electronically identical thereto, but is hydrolytically and enzymatically more stable. The compounds are useful as therapeutic agents, e.g., as antiviral agents, anticancer agents, metabolic moderators and the like. The invention also provides pharmaceutical compositions containing a compound of the invention as an active agent, and in addition provides methods of treating disease, including viral infections, cancer, bacterial infections, inflammatory and/or autoimmune diseases, and the like, by administering a compound of the invention to a patient in need of such treatment.

Perchloramido phosphonyl reagents and analogs thereof

Novel compounds are provided having the structural formula R&lsqb;&mdash;N(NO )&mdash;L&mdash;R &rsqb; wherein R, L, R and n are defined herein. The compounds are useful in a variety of contexts, but are primarily to be used as high energy oxidizing agents in explosive compositions, propellant formulations, gas-generating compositions and the like. The compounds are also useful as pharmaceutical agents. Compositions containing the compounds are also provided, including energetic compositions, as are methods for using the novel compounds and compositions.

Energetic nitramine-linked azoles and related compounds as oxidizers, initiators and gas generators

Nucleoside pyrophosphate and triphosphate analogs and related compounds

Novel compounds are provided having the structural formula R&lsqb;&mdash;N(NO,)&mdash;L&mdash;R,&rsqb;,wherein R, L, R,and n are defined herein. The compounds are useful in a variety of contexts, but are primarily to be used as high energy oxidizing agents in explosive compositions, propellant formulations, gas-generating compositions and the like. The compounds are also useful as pharmaceutical agents. Compositions containing the compounds are also provided, including energetic compositions, as are methods for using the novel compounds and compositions.

Energetic nitramine-linked azoles and hydroxylammonium salts as oxidizers, initiators and gas generators

The present invention features methods for preparing stabilized &agr;-AlH,and &agr;&prime;-AlH,, compositions containing these alane polymorphs, e.g., energetic compositions such as rocket propellants, and methods for using the novel polymorphs as chemical reducing agents, polymerization catalysts, and as a hydrogen source in fuel cells and batteries. The method produces stabilized alane by treating &agr;-AlH,with an acidic solution that optionally contains a stabilizing agent such as an electron donor, an electron acceptor, or a compound which coordinates the Al,ion.

Preparation of aluminum hydride polymorphs, particularly stabilized &agr;-alh3

Novel energetic compounds are provided comprising N,N'-azobis-nitroazoles or analogs thereof. The compounds are useful as igniter materials in a variety of energetic compositions, particularly gas-generating compositions for inflating automobile or aircraft occupant restraint devices. The compounds are also useful in solid rocket propellant compositions, and as primary explosives to be used as detonators, blasting caps, firearms, and the like. Methods for synthesizing the compounds and manufacturing energetic compositions therewith are provided as well.

N,N'-azobis-nitroazoles and analogs thereof as igniter compounds for use

Novel compounds are provided having the structural formula R[--N(NO.sub.2)--L--R.sup.1 ].sub.n wherein R, L, R.sup.1 and n are defined herein. The compounds are useful in a variety of contexts, but are primarily to be used as high energy oxidizing agents in explosive compositions, propellant formulations, gas-generating compositions and the like. The compounds are also useful as pharmaceutical agents. Compositions containing the compounds are also provided, including energetic compositions, as are methods for using the novel compounds and compositions.

Energetic nitramine-linked azoles and hydroxylammonium salts as

Novel energetic compounds are provided comprising N,N'-azobis-nitroazoles or analogs thereof. The compounds are useful as igniter materials in a variety of energetic compositions, particularly gas-generating compositions for inflating automobile or aircraft occupant restraint devices. The compounds are also useful in solid rocket propellant compositions, and as primary explosives to be used as detonators, blasting caps, firearms, and the like. Methods for synthesizing the compounds and manufacturing energetic compositions herewith are provided as well.

A method is disclosed for forming an ionically bonded dinitramide salt or acid useful as a stable oxidizer for solid fuel rocket propellant or explosive formulations is disclosed. The dinitramide salt is formed by the reaction of an N(alkoxycarbonyl)N-nitroamide and a nitronium-containing compound, at a temperature of from about +60.degree. C. to about -120.degree. C., followed by contacting the reaction mass with a base to form the dinitramide salt, or an alcohol to form the corresponding dinitramidic acid. The N(alkoxycarbonyl)N-nitroamide may be formed by first mixing the corresponding alkylcarbamate with an anhydride of one or more 1-20 carbon organic acids, then adding nitric acid to the reaction mixture. If the salt of the N(alkoxycarbonyl)N-nitroamide is to be formed, a base is then added until the pH reaches about 7-10. The nitronium-containing reactant may be a covalently bonded compound containing a NO.sub.2 -- group; a nitryl halide; or a nitronium salt having the formula (NO.sub.2.sup.+).sub.q X.sup.-q, where X is the anion of the nitronium salt and q=1-2.

Process for forming a dinitramide salt or acid by reaction of a salt or

A method for forming an ionically bonded ammonium dinitramide salt having the formula NH.sub.4.sup.30 N(NO.sub.2).sub.2 - useful as a stable oxidizer for solid fuel rocket propellant or explosive formulations is disclosed. The ammonium dinitramide salt is formed by the reaction of ammonia and a nitronium-containing compound, such as a nitronium salt or a covalently bonded compound containing a NO.sub.2 - group, at a temperature of from about - 20.degree. C. to about 120.degree. C. The nitronium-containing compound may be either a covalently bonded compound containing a NO.sub.2 - group or a nitronium salt having the formula (NO.sub.2.sup.+).sub.n X.sup.-n, where X is the anion of the nitronium salt and n= 1-2.

Process for forming ammonium dinitramide salt by reaction between

A N,N-dinitramide salt is disclosed having the formula MN(NO.sub.2).sub.2 where M is a cation selected from the class consisting of a metal ion and a nitrogen-containing ion. The dinitramide salt exhibits high temperature stability, high energy density, and an absence of smoke generating halogens, rendering it useful as an oxidizer in rocket fuels. The dinitramide salts are meltable and pumpable oxidizers which may be used in start-stop rocket engines instead of other less stable oxidizers.

Dinitramide salts and method of making same

A method is disclosed for forming a N,N-dinitramide salt having the formula MN(NO.sub.2).sub.2 where M is a cation selected form the class consisting of a metal ion and a nitrogen-containing ion, which comprises contacting a carbamate with a nitrating agent to form an acidic dinitramide intermediate reaction product, and neutralizing the acidic dinitramide with a compound selected from the class consisting of ammonia (NH.sub.3), hydrazine (N.sub.2 H.sub.4), a primary amine having the formula RNH.sub.2, a secondary amine having the formula RR'NH, and a salt having the formula AX; where R and R' are the same or different 1-6 carbon alkyls, A is a metal ion or a nitrogen-containing ion, and X is an anion selected from the class consisting of fluoride, chloride, hydroxyl, carbonate, alkoxide, and carboxyl anion, to form the corresponding dinitramide salt.

Method of forming dinitramide salts

A method of nitrating resorcinol which is selective for the production of the 4,6-dinitro resorcinal isomer. A resorcinol-based starting material is admixed with a nitrating solution from which substantially all nitrogen dioxide and nitrous has been removed. The nitrating solution contains white fuming nitric acid, a nitrosonium ion control agent such as urea, and, optionally, concentrated sulfuric acid. The 4,6-dinitroresorcinal isomer is provided in yields of about 65-85% with minimal production of undesirable side products.

Growing community of inventors

Palo Alto, CA, United States of America

Robert J Schmitt