Ford Global Technolgoies, LLC

Ford Motor Company Limited

Robert J Kudla

Mohinder S Chattha

Somasundaram Subramanian

Andrew Robert Drews

Tjenga E Hoost

Chaitanya Kumar Narula

William L Watkins

Xiao Guang Yang

Theodore James Miller

Chi Paik

Clifford Norman Montreuil

William Lewis Henderson Watkins

Jun (John) Li

Hui Huang

Wenkui Zhang

Chu Liang

T E Hoost

Yang Xia

Liyuang Zhang

Diane L Guttridge

Yishun Wang

A method of forming a high energy density composite cathode material is disclosed. The method includes providing a lithium-rich manganese layered oxide (LRMO), coating the LRMO with a TiOprecursor, and ball-milling the TiOcoated LRMO with LiH to form a LiTiOcoated LRMO composite, wherein x is less than or equal to 1 and greater than zero.

LTO coated LRMO cathode and synthesis

An electrode material is provided to include a Li-containing oxide of the formula of Li(NiCoM)O, wherein M is an element different from Li, Ni, Co, or O, wherein x, y, and z are each independently between 0 and 1 and the sum of x, y, z is 1; and an oxygen scavenger material contacting at least a portion of the Li-containing oxide. In another embodiment, the electrode material further includes a second Li-containing oxide having the formula of Li(NiCoM)O, wherein M is an element different from Li, Ni, Co, or O, wherein x2, y2, and z2 are each independently between 0 and 1 and the sum of x2, y2, z2 is 1, wherein the oxide composite is configured as a first material layer, wherein the second Li-containing oxide is configured as a second material layer disposed next to the first material layer.

Lithium-containing electrode material for electrochemical cell systems

A method of using a hybrid oxidation catalyst system for remediating a lean emission from a vehicle includes the step of oxidizing the hydrocarbons and carbon monoxide in an engine emission comprising hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide, NOincluding NO and NO, and oxygen with a first catalyst. The first catalyst includes noble metal particles supported in a first ceramic layer. The method further includes oxidizing the NO with a second catalyst having base metal oxide particles supported in a second ceramic layer to form NO. The first catalyst is disposed upstream of the second catalyst and the system is capable of converting at least 10% of the amount of NO to NOat a temperature ranging from 75&#xb0; C. to 225&#xb0; C.

System for remediating emissions and method of use

One aspect of the present invention relates to a system for remediating emissions using a hybrid oxidation catalyst system. The hybrid oxidation catalyst system includes a noble metal oxidation catalyst having noble metal particles in a first ceramic layer. The system also includes a base metal oxide catalyst disposed in a second ceramic layer situated downstream of the noble metal oxidation catalyst. The noble metal oxidation catalyst is effective to substantially prevent hydrocarbon or carbon monoxide inhibition of the base metal oxide catalyst when enhancing the NO+Oconversion effectiveness of the base metal oxide catalyst.

An integrated lean NO trap. The integrated lean NO trap includes a lean NO trap containing a composite metal oxide mixture consisting essentially of about 80-100 wt % stoichiometric spinel MgAl O and between about 0-20 wt % of CeO or CeO &mdash;ZrO . A method for removing NO and SO impurities from exhaust gases using the integrated lean NO trap is also described.

Sulfur tolerant lean NOx trap

The invention is a selective reduction catalyst useful for converting exhaust gases generated by a diesel engine where the atmosphere is oxidizing. The catalyst comprises 5-40 wt. % silica of a silica/alumina sol-gel produced support carrying 0.25-4.0 wt. % platinum.

Method for treating diesel engine exhaust gas

The invention is a method of treating exhaust gases generated by an internal combustion engine using a NOx trap in the exhaust gas system. The method comprises locating a nitrogen oxide trap in the exhaust gas passage and cycling the air/fuel ratio of the exhaust gases entering the trap between lean and rich, such that the trap absorbs nitrogen oxides during the lean cycle and desorbs the nitrogen oxides when the concentration of the oxygen in the exhaust gas is lowered as during a rich cycle. The trap comprises: (a) a tri-metal oxides made of aluminum-manganese-zirconium and (b) at least 0.1 wt. % platinum, the wt. % being based on the weight of said tri-metal oxide material. The desorbed nitrogen oxides may be converted over the precious metal to N.sub.2 and O.sub.2 by reductants like hydrocarbons present in the exhaust gas. The invention is also the catalyst trap material.

NOx trap catalyst for lean burn engines

A method is provided for treating diesel engine exhaust gas with a catalyst containing a physical mixture of particles. The catalyst contains a physical mixture of particles of (i) a bi-metal oxide of manganese and zirconium and (ii) a precious metal, such as platinum, supported on an alumina, such as gamma alumina.

Treating diesel exhaust with a catalytic particulate mixture

The invention is a method of treating exhaust gases generated by an internal combustion engine using a NOx trap in the exhaust gas system. The method comprises locating an essentially alkaline earth-free nitrogen oxide trap in the exhaust gas passage and cycling the air/fuel ratio of the exhaust gases entering the trap between lean and rich, such that the trap absorbs nitrogen oxides during the lean cycle and desorbs the nitrogen oxides when the concentration of the oxygen in the exhaust gas is lowered as during a rich cycle. The trap comprises: (a) a porous support material comprising mostly .gamma.-alumina and (b) metals consisting essentially of 0.1 to 2 wt. % tungsten oxide and precious metal comprising 0.5 to 4 wt. % platinum deposited on the support, the amount of said metals being individually based on the weight of said support material. The desorbed nitrogen oxides may be converted over the precious metal to N.sub.2 and O.sub.2 by reductants like hydrocarbons present in the exhaust gas.

Tungsten-modified platinum NOx traps for automotive emission reduction

The invention is a nitrogen oxide trap comprising a porous support of alumina; and loaded thereon materials consisting essentially of particular amounts of: (I) tungstophosphoric acid and (II) precious metal selected from platinum, palladium, rhodium and mixtures thereof. The trap is useful for trapping nitrogen oxides produced in the exhaust gas generated by an internal combustion gasoline engine during lean-burn operation of the engine. The trap releases the nitrogen oxides during decreased oxygen concentration in the exhaust gas. The desorbed NOx may be converted over the precious metal to N.sub.2 and O.sub.2 by reductants like hydrocarbons present in the exhaust gas.

Sulfur-resistant NO.sub.x traps containing tungstophosphoric acid and

This invention is a bimetallic catalyst comprising tungsten oxide and platinum in critical amounts on a mostly .gamma.-alumina support material. It is particularly optimal for use in lean-burn engine exhaust systems, including gasoline and diesel, where it efficiently reduces NOx in the exhaust gas.

Bimetallic tungsten/platinum catalysts for lean-burn emissions

A catalyst system for attaining high conversions of NO, HC, and CO in a fuel-lean emission flow (i.e., containing SO.sub.2, H.sub.2 O, H.sub.2, and considerable excess oxygen), the system comprising: (a) a first stage reducing catalyst for treating the nitric oxide emissions, the catalyst containing highly acidic gamma alumina (i.e., with a pH.sub.pzc of less than 3); (b) means for injecting gaseous or liquid reductants into the emission stream prior to entering said first stage catalyst, said first stage catalyst temperature being selected to be in the range of 550.degree.-650.degree. C.; and (c) an oxidation catalyst effective for treating the effluent from the first stage catalyst. Another aspect of this invention is a method of treating the exhaust gas from a fuel-lean emission flow from a fossil-fueled internal combustion engine having a redox ratio of 0.02-0.09, the method comprising: (a) injecting a gaseous or liquid HC or oxygenated HC reductant into the emission stream at a location where the stream is within the temperature range of 550.degree.-650.degree. C.; (b) immediately exposing the injected stream to a first stage catalyst containing acidic gamma alumina with a Ph.sub.pzc of less than 3; and (c) exposing the effluent from the first stage catalyst to an oxidation catalyst that is effective in ensuring that the NO, HC, and CO in the emissions are each converted to at least 80%.

Catalyst system for converting emissions of a lean-burn engine

The invention is a method for treating exhaust gases generated by a diesel engine by providing a sulfur-tolerant lean-NOx catalyst in an exhaust gas passage of the engine and contacting the catalyst with the exhaust gases. The sulfur-tolerant lean-NOx catalyst comprises a support of titania aerogel; and loaded thereon, using impregnation techniques from a solution of their precursors, at least 0.25 weight percent precious metal selected from platinum, palladium, rhodium, or mixtures thereof. The method converts the hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide and nitrogen oxides into more desirable gases. In particular, the NOx is converted to N.sub.2 and O.sub.2 over the catalyst.

Diesel emission treatment using precious metal on titania aerogel

The present invention broadly relates to a catalyst for promoting oxidation-reduction reactions of the exhaust gases produced by an internal combustion engine wherein the catalyst comprises a first-stage high temperature catalyst and a second-stage lower temperature catalyst. The first-stage catalyst comprises between about 0.1 and 3% by weight tungsten carried on a support material comprising mostly .gamma.-alumina. The second-stage catalyst comprises a base metal catalyst carried on a support material and preferably comprises between 0.1 and 6% by weight copper carried on a support material comprising mostly .gamma.-alumina.

Method for converting lean-burn engine exhust gases using a two stage

This invention is a catalyst for treating the exhaust gases produced during lean-burn engine operation, the gases comprising nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide and hydrocarbons. The catalyst comprises a support material comprising gamma-alumina, a layer of about 0.01 to 1.5 wt. % tungsten deposited onto the support followed by a layer of about 1 to 3 wt. % silver, both being individually based on the weight of the support material.

Growing community of inventors

Warren, MI, United States of America

Robert J Kudla