Siemens Aktiengesellschaft

Litricity, Llc.

Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft Zur Foerderung Der Angewandten Forschung E.V.

Siemens Energy, Inc.

Siemens Power Generation, Inc.

Forschungszentrum Julich Gmbh

Primetals Technologies Austria Gmbh

Primetals Technologies Germany Gmbh

Robert Fleck

Holger Wolfschmidt

Barbara Schricker

Thomas Jansing

Jochen Friedl

Harald Landes

Ulrich Stimming

Wolfram Kaiser

Werner Hartmann

Eckart Schumann

Horst Greiner

Hans Peter Buchkremer

Gérard Barbezat

Wolfgang Krieglstein

Nikolai Trofimenko

Peter Otschik

Lilla Grossmann

Alessandro Zampieri

Stefan Blendinger

Ludger Blum

Michael Loch

Winfried Schaffrath

Michael Kuznecov

Matthäa Holland-Cunz

Matthäa Schwob

Sonja Wolfrum

Gerold Franke

Günter Blass

Udo Flesch

Various embodiments include a redox flow battery comprising: a cell divided into half-cells by a membrane; an electrolyte able to flow through the interior of the respective half-cell; an electrode; and a guide structure for guiding the electrolyte integrated into and defined by the associated electrode. Each half-cell comprises a current collector and an electrode element arranged in an interior of the respective half-cell.

Redox flow battery and method for producing a guide structure of an electrode element of a redox flow battery

Various embodiments include a method for operating an electrically rechargeable redox flow battery comprising a first chamber and a second chamber separated by a membrane, with the first chamber comprising a cathode and the second chamber comprising an anode. The method comprises: introducting a first electrolyte as catholyte into the first chamber; and introducing a second electrolyte as anolyte into the second chamber. At least one of the first electrolyte or the second electrolyte comprises a reduction-oxidation pair. The oxidation number of the reduction-oxidation pair is changed by addition of a first component.

Redox flow battery and method for operating a redox flow battery

Various embodiments include a method for operating an electrically rechargeable redox flow battery comprising: using a redox flow battery having a first chamber and a second chamber separated by a membrane, wherein the first chamber comprises a cathode and the second chamber comprises an anode; conducting a first electrolyte as catholyte into the first chamber and conducting a second electrolyte as anolyte into the second chamber; and charging or discharging the redox flow battery. The first electrolyte comprises a first reduction-oxidation pair and the second electrolyte comprises a second reduction-oxidation pair. At least one of the first electrolyte and the second electrolyte comprises a pH-stabilizing buffer for chemically stabilizing the reduction-oxidation pair.

Various embodiments include an electrically rechargeable redox flow battery comprising: a first chamber; a second chamber; a membrane separating the first chamber from the second chamber; a cathode in the first chamber; and an anode in the second chamber. At least one of the cathode and the anode comprises a first planar surface including elevations enlarging the surface area. The elevations form flow channels for an electrolyte. The at least one of the cathode and the anode further comprises a material selected from the group consisting of: lead, bismuth, zinc, titanium, molybdenum, and tungsten.

Redox flow battery

A planar high temperature fuel cell, a use and a method of manufacture are discloses. The planar high-temperature fuel cell with includes a layer structure. The layer structure includes a cathode layer, an anode layer and a solid electrolyte layer disposed between the cathode layer and the anode layer. Each of the layers are planar. A porous metal structure is used as the support for the layer structure and is also planar.

Planar high-temperature fuel cell

A sparging device for a flotation cell may include a central gas tube with a central gas orifice which is adjoined by at least two connecting tubes each having a connecting gas orifice, the connecting tubes being aligned at a right angle ss to a longitudinal axis LZ of the central gas tube, the central gas orifice being connected to the connecting gas orifices, and each connecting tube being connected to at least one gas injection unit at its end remote from the central gas tube. A flotation cell with such a sparging device and a flotation method are also disclosed.

Sparging device for a flotation cell

A high-temperature fuel cell system includes individual SOFC fuel cells which are in contact with each other for electrically connecting the same in parallel or in series. In at least one embodiment, contacting elements that are suitable for the fuel cell system with a certain flexibility in addition to the required electrical conductivity for continuous operation. The contacting elements between two fuel cells are formed by a metal wire mesh that is advantageously made of nickel. Such nickel wires can be mechanically transformed into a continuous mesh, especially a tube, from which sections having a suitable length can be cut and be provided with the proper shape.

High-temperature fuel cell system and method for the production of contacting elements for such a fuel cell system

Disclosed is a high-temperature fuel cell system including individual SOFC fuel cells which are in contact with each other to be electrically connected in parallel or in series. Contacting elements are provided, in at least one embodiment, that are suitable for the fuel cell system with a certain flexibility in addition to electrical conductivity for continuous operation. The contacting elements are provided, in at least one embodiment, between two fuel cells with an outer, metallically conductive jacket and a ceramic core. For example, ceramic felts can be enveloped by a nickel net by adequately shaping the same.

According to a method for producing a solid ceramic fuel cell, a solid electrolyte layer is gas-tightly deposited on an electrode inside a coating chamber, using a plasma spraying technique. The pressure inside the coating chamber is set at less than approximately 15 mbar for this purpose. A coating material is powder form, preferably with a particle diameter of significantly less than 10 &#x3bc;m, is finely dispersed in the plasma jet in such a way that the individual particles are isolated from each other when they meet the electrode. This enables a very homogenous and impervious solid electrolyte layer to be deposited.

Method for producing a solid ceramic fuel cell

A method for producing a solid electrolyte layer, of a fully stabilized zirconium oxide layer on a substrate includes adding a sintering additive to a ZrO2-starting material, a liquid phase is formed during a sintering process and liquid phase sintering is possible at a reduced temperature in comparison with the required sintering temperature without the sintering additive. The reduced sintering temperature substantially prevents the formation of a foreign phase layer between the substrate and the gas-tight layer applied thereon, being of fully stabilized ZrO2. The method is particularly suitable for producing a solid electrolyte layer on a cathode of a high temperature fuel cell and in a sensor.

Process for producing a solid electrolyte layer on a substrate, in a fuel cell, and in a sensor

Disclosed is a gas turbine blade () having a ceramic heat-insulating layer (). The ceramic heat-insulating layer () consists of 10-95% wt. % magnesium aluminate, 5-90 wt. % magnesium oxide and 0-20 wt. % aluminum oxide. Magnesium oxide particles are incorporated into a matrix made of spindle-shaped magnesium aluminate, enabling the thermal expansion coefficient of the ceramic heat-insulating layer () to be adapted in a particularly suitable manner to a metallic base body () of the gas turbine blade (). The ceramic heat-insulating layer () also has a porosity which is greater that 3 vol. %, thereby guaranteeing sufficiently low heat conductivity.

Gas turbine blade

In a high-temperature fuel cell, the problem exists that a series electrical resistance rises while the high-temperature fuel cell is operating. This rise is caused by oxidation of the fuel-gas-side surface of the bipolar plate. Oxidation of this nature is largely suppressed by an oxidation buffer that is disposed in the fuel gas chamber and takes up the oxygen.

High-temperature fuel cell

During operation of a high-temperature fuel cell the problem of corrosion of the interconnector on the anode side arises. Accordingly, this problem is substantially prevented by use of at least two metallic functional layers that are applied one above the other on the interconnector. A lower functional layer contains copper and an upper functional layer contains nickel. Functional layers of this type construct a potential threshold for oxygen ions toward the interconnector.

In a high-temperature fuel cell having two components that are joined together by a layer. The layer includes at least one ply of a glass solder and at least one ply of a glass ceramic. Because of this provision, the components are joined together mechanically and chemically in a stable and economic manner.

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Adelsdorf, Germany

Robert Fleck