Hewlett-packard Company

Robert E Watson

Jack M Walden

Wayne F Covington

Fred Wenninger, Jr

Francis J Yockey

Rex L James

Homer C Russell

Ivar W Larson

Emil E Olander, Jr

Freddie W Wenninger

Richard M Spangler

Chris J Christopher

Frank E Cada

Kent W Simcoe

Charles W Near

Eugene V Burmeister

Myles A Judd

John C Keith

Douglas M Clifford

Bradley W Miller

Franklin T Hickenlooper

David C Uhlrich

Marl D Godfrey

Alan C Mortensen

Rex I James

Rex J James

Allen C Mortensen

Emil E Olander Jr

An electronic calculator includes keyboard control means for enabling the user to either immediately execute a line of one or more alphanumeric statements entered into the calculator or store that entered line of one or more alphanumeric statements in the calculator memory.

Self-contained electronic computer including means for immediately

An electronic calculator includes modular read-write and read-only memory units, a central processing unit, an output display unit, an output printer unit, a keyboard input unit, and input/output interface circuitry for facilitating the connection of one or more peripheral input/output units, such as an X-Y plotter, for example, to the calculator. When the calculator is coupled to an X-Y plotter, the user may employ commands entered from the keyboard input unit to move the plotter pen to an arbitrary position on the plotter platen whose X and Y coordinates are unknown to him and to subsequently cause the calculator to determine and display the X and Y coordinates of that arbitrary pen position.

Programmable calculator including means for digitizing the position of

A programmable calculator utilizes an initialization key for setting all program variables, including array variables that are stored as part of a program in the calculator memory, to a predetermined initial value.

Programmable calculator including program variable initialization means

A programmable calculator having modular read-write and read-only memory units, a central processing unit, a keyboard input unit, and an output display unit includes keys on the keyboard input unit for enabling the user to efficiently and effectively edit programs stored in the read-write memory unit.

Programmable calculator including editing capability

An electronic calculator is provided by employing read-write and read-only memory units, a central processing unit, and an input-output control unit capable of bidirectionally transferring information between the memory or central processing units and a number of input and output units. The input and output units include a keyboard input unit and an alphanumeric display unit. The keyboard input unit includes means for entering a data entry statement into the read-write memory as part of a program of statements stored therein. The central processing unit includes logic means responsive to a data entry statement encountered during processing of a program stored in the read-write memory for controlling the alphanumeric display unit to indicate the nature of the data to be entered and thereby prompt the user as to the need for and nature of a data entry at the time such data entry is required during processing of that program.

Calculator including means for displaying alphanumeric prompting

A programmable calculator having modular read-write and read-only memory units, a central processing unit, a keyboard input unit, and an output display unit, includes keys on the keyboard input unit for performing angular measurement unit conversion.

Programmable calculator having keys for performing angular measurement

A modular read-write and read-only memory unit capable of employing both direct and indirect decimal and symbolic addressing, a central processing unit capable of performing both serial binary and parallel binary-coded-decimal direct and indirect memory register arithmetic, and an input-output control unit capable of bidirectionally transferring information between the central processing unit and a number of input and output units are controlled by a microprocessor included in the central processing unit. The input and output units include a keyboard input unit with a section capable of being defined by plug-in read-only memory modules and stored programs added by the user, a magnetic card reading and recording unit capable of bidirectionally transferring information between an external magnetic card and the calculator, and a solid state output display unit capable of displaying three lines of numeric information. An output printer unit capable of printing out every alphabetic and numeric character and many other symbols individually and in messages may also be included with the other input and output units. The memory, central processing, input-output control, input, and output units are employed to provide an adaptable programmable calculator that may be operated manually by the user from the keyboard input unit or automatically by a program stored in the memory unit. This calculator may also be employed to load programs into the memory unit from the keyboard input unit, to separately transfer either data or programs bidirectionally between the memory unit and an external magnetic card, to code programs stored in the memory unit as being secure when they are transferred to an external magnetic card and thereby prevent users of the calculator from re-transferring them to an external magnetic card or obtaining any indication of the individual program steps once they are reloaded into the calculator, to edit programs stored in the memory unit and to print out keystroke logs, program lists, labels, and messages. The read-write memory available to the user may be expanded by the addition of program storage memory modules or by the alteration of the data storage memory control.

Programmable calculator including alphabetic output capability

A modular read-write and read-only memory unit capable of employing both direct and indirect decimal and symbolic addressing, a central processing unit capable of performing both serial binary and parallel binary-coded-decimal direct and indirect memory register arithmetic, and an input-output control unit capable of bidirectionally transferring information between the central processing unit and a number of input and output units are controlled by a microprocessor included in the central processing unit. The input and output units include a keyboard input unit, a magnetic card reading and recording unit capable of bidirectionally transferring information between an external magnetic card and the read-write memory unit, and a solid state output display unit capable of displaying three lines of numeric information. The memory, central processing, input-output control, input, and output units are employed to provide an adaptable programmable calculator that may be operated manually by the user from the keyboard input unit or automatically by a program stored in the read-write memory unit. The calculator may also be employed to load programs into the read-write memory unit from the keyboard input unit, to separately transfer either data or programs bidirectionally between the read-write memory unit and an external magnetic card, and to code programs stored in the read-write memory unit as being secure when they are transferred to an external magnetic card, thereby preventing users of the calculator from re-transferring them to an external magnetic card or obtaining any indication of the individual program steps once they are reloaded into the calculator.

Programmable calculator including magnetic reading and recording means

An adaptable programmable calculator is provided by employing a modular read-write and read-only memory unit capable of being expanded to provide the calculator with additional program and data storage functions oriented towards the environment of the user, a central processing unit capable of performing both serial binary and parallel binary-coded-decimal arithmetic, and an input-output control unit capable of bidirectionally transferring information between the memory or central processing units and a number of input and output units. The memory, central processor, and input-output control units are controlled by a microprocessor included in the central processing unit. Also the calculator may be operated manually by the user from an alphanumeric keyboard input unit or automatically by a program stored within the memory unit to perform calculations and provide an output indication of the results thereof. It may also be employed to load programs into the memory unit from the keyboard input unit. Also, the computer language allows the user to enter a line comprising an alphanumeric statement into the calculator from the keyboard input unit while visually observing an alphanumeric display of that line to check for errors therein, permitting the user to cause the entered lines to be immediately executed by the calculator or stored as part of a program within the memory unit, and permitting the user to subsequently recall the executed or stored line so that it may be reinspected, reevaluated, and, if necessary, edited and executed or re-executed, or restored in edited form. The calculator employs a compiler for converting each statement entered into the calculator in BASIC language into an internal stored format. It also employs an uncompiler for regenerating in the BASIC language statement any entered line converted to the internal stored format. The compiler and uncompiler operate on a line-by-line basis.

Electronic computing apparatus employing basic language

An adaptable programmable calculator employs modular read-write and read-only memories separately expandable to provide additional program and data storage functions within the calculator oriented toward the environment of the user, an LSI NMOS central processing unit, and LSI NMOS peripheral interface adaptor capable of bidirectionally transferring information between the read-write memory and central processing unit and a number of input/output units. The input/output units include a keyboard input unit with a plurality of alphanumeric keys, a magnetic tape cassette reading and recording unit capable of bidirectionally transferring programs and data between a magnetic tape and the calculator, a seven-segment gas discharge display, and a 16-column alphanumeric thermal printer. The calculator includes switch means for selecting an auto start mode of calculator operation whereby, upon the application of operating power to the calculator, a program stored on an external magnetic record member is automatically loaded into the calculator read-write memory and execution of that program is commenced.

Programmable calculator including means for automatically processing

An adaptable programmable calculator is provided by employing a modular read-write and read-only memory unit capable of being expanded to provide the calculator with additional program and data storage functions oriented towards the environment of the user, a central processing unit capable of performing both serial binary and parallel binary-coded-decimal arithmetic, and an input-output control unit capable of bidirectionally transferring information between the memory or central processing units and a number of input and output units. The memory, central processor, and input-output control units are controlled by a microprocessor included in the central processing unit. The input and output units include a keyboard input unit with a plurality of alphanumeric keys, a magnetic tape cassette reading and recording unit capable of bidirectionally transferring programs and data between a magnetic tape and the calculator, and a solid state output display unit capable of displaying every alphabetic and numeric character and many other symbols individually or in combination. All of these input and output units are included within the calculator itself. An output printer, an X-Y plotter, a typewriter, a teletypewriter, a magnetic or paper tape reading and recording unit, an extended read-write memory unit, a magnetic disc reading and recording unit, a modem for connecting the calculator via telephone lines to a remotely located computer, and many other peripheral input and output units may also be employed with the calculator. The calculator may be operated manually by the user from the keyboard input unit or automatically by a program stored within the memory unit to perform calculations and provide an output indication of the results thereof. It may also be employed to load programs into the memory unit from the keyboard input unit, to separately or collectively transfer data and programs bidirectionally between the memory unit and an external magnetic tape and to code programs or sections thereof stored in the memory unit as being secure when they are transferred to an external magnetic tape, whereby preventing users of the calculator from again transferring them to an external magnetic tape or obtaining any indication of the individual program steps once they are reloaded into the calculator. In addition, the calculator may be employed to edit programs stored in the memory unit and to print out program lists, labels, and messages. The calculator employs an extended version of BASIC computer language and allows the user to enter a line comprising an alphanumeric statement into the calculator from the keyboard input unit while visually observing an alphanumeric display of that line to check for errors therein, permitting the user to cause the entered lines to be immediately executed by the calculator or stored as part of a program within the memory unit, and permitting the user to subsequently recall the executed or stored line so that it may be reinspected, reevaluated, and, if necessary edited and executed or re-executed, or restored in edited form. Any entered or recalled information may be edited by employing the keyboard input unit to selectively delete or replace incorrect or undesired portions of the information or to selectively insert corrected or previously omitted portions thereof on a line-by-line or character-by-character basis. Syntax errors are automatically detected by the calculator when the entered statement is terminated, and execution errors are automatically detected upon attempted execution of the statement or statements. Both types of errors are indicated to the user via error messages displayed by the output display unit. In the event the calculator is being used in combination with an external printer unit indications of syntax or execution errors may, if desired, be printed. The calculator employs a compiler for converting each statement entered into the calculator in BASIC language into an internal stored format. It also employs an uncompiler for regenerating in the BASIC language statement any entered line converted to the internal stored format. The compiler and uncompiler operate on a line-by-line basis. The magnetic tape cassette reading and recording unit employed in the calculator allows the user to chain together several program segments and allows program manipulation of several blocks of data on an individual basis, thereby providing more efficient utilization of the available calculator memory. An interrupt feature of the cassette unit facilitates searching for a particular file located on a magnetic tape at the same time the calculator is performing other functions.

Programmable calculator having structure for controlling an x-y plotter

An adaptable programmable calculator is provided by employing modular read-write and read-only memory units capable of being expanded to provide the calculator with additional program and data storage functions oriented towards the environment of the user, a central processing unit, and an input-output control unit capable of bidirectionally transferring information between the memory or central processing units and a number of input and output units. The memory, central processor, and input-output control units are controlled by a microprocessor included in the central processing unit. The input and output units include a keyboard input unit with a plurality of sections capable of being defined by plug-in read-only memory modules and stored programs added by the user, a magnetic card reading and recording unit capable of bidirectionally transferring information between an external magnetic card and the calculator, a display unit capable of displaying every alphabetic and numeric character and many other symbols individually and in a line of one or more alphameric statements, and a printer unit capable of printing on thermally sensitive paper every alphabetic and numeric character and many other symbols individually and in alphameric statements or messages. The keyboard input unit includes a JUMP key for entering computed and uncomputed relative branch statements as part of a program stored in the calculator read-write memory. Upon execution of a relative branch statement, program execution is transferred a number of program lines forward or backward from the line containing the relative branch statement, as specified by that relative branch statement.

Programmable calculator including means for performing computed and

The modular read-write and read-only memory, central processing, input-output control keyboard input and output printer units of the calculator described herein provide an adaptable programmable calculator that may be operated manually by the user from the keyboard input unit or automatically by a program stored in memory. Programs may be loaded directly into memory from the keyboard and either data or programs may be separately transferred bi-directionally between the memory unit and an external magnetic card. Programs stored in the memory unit may be edited and key-coded logs, program lists, labels, and messages may be printed by the output printer unit by specifying one of several modes of the calculator. In one of the modes, the printer will print a log comprising a listing of a key code for each key actuated, of nearly all programmable operations performed from the keyboard.

Programmable calculator including key-log printing means

An adaptable programmable calculator is provided by employing modular read-write and read-only memory units capable of being expanded to provide the calculator with additional program and data storage functions oriented towards the environment of the user, a central processing unit, and an input-output control unit capable of bidirectionally transferring information between the memory or central processing units and a number of input and output units. The memory, central processor, and input-output control units are controlled by a microprocessor included in the central processing unit. The input and output units include a keyboard input unit with a plurality of sections capable of being defined by plug-in read-only memory modules and stored programs added by the user, a magnetic card reading and recording unit capable of bidirectionally transferring information between an external magnetic card and the calculator, a solid state output display unit capable of displaying every alphabetic and numeric character and many other symbols individually and in a line of one or more alphameric statements, and a line printer capable of printing on thermally sensitive paper every alphabetic and numeric character and many other symbols individually and in alphameric statements or messages. A printer spacing control command that may be executed either from the keyboard input unit or under control of a program stored in the read-write memory unit enables the user to introduce a blank space between printed lines on the paper, the blank space being equal to the number of lines specified in the printer spacing control command.

Programmable calculator including means for controllably introducing

An adaptable programmable calculator is provided by employing modular read-write and read-only memory units capable of being expanded to provide the calculator with additional program and data storage functions, a central processing unit, and an input-output control unit capable of bidirectionally transferring information between the memory or central processing units and a number of input and output units. The memory, central processing, and input-output control units are controlled by a microprocessor included in the central processing unit. The input and output units include a keyboard input unit, a magnetic card reading and recording unit, a solid state multi-character display unit capable of displaying every alphabetic and numeric character and many other symbols individually and in a line of one or more alphameric statements, and an alphameric printer unit. The calculator includes a TRACE key that permits the user to manually or programmably obtain an alphameric print-out of the number of each line of alphameric statements executed by the calculator and the value of each numeric assignment made therein. The calculator includes a NORMAL key for permitting the user to manually or programmably terminate a previously established TRACE mode of operation. An alphameric listing of each line of one or more alphameric statements, as that line is being executed by the calculator or stored as part of a program in the calculator read-write memory, may be obtained when the calculator is operating in the TRACE mode.

Growing community of inventors

Loveland, CO, United States of America

Robert E Watson