Suntech, Inc.

Adamantech, Inc.

Sun Ventures, Inc.

Children's Hospital Medical Center

Sun Oil Company of Pennsylvania

Sun Oil Company, (sun Research and Development Co.)

Robert E Moore

Leland C Clark, Jr

Robert L Goodman

Irl N Duling

David S Gates

Frederick P Glazier

Abraham Daniel Schneider

Edward J Janoski

Thomas D Newingham

Peter G Simmonds

John M Yuhas, Deceased

John M Yuhas

Method of sensitizing hypoxic tumor cells to radiotherapy and chemotherapy by contacting the cells or the vasculature thereof with an aqueous dispersion of an oxygen carrying perfluoro compound and a dispersant for the compound, and sensitizing chemotherapeutic and protective compositions therefor.

Sensitization of hypoxic tumor cells and control of growth thereof

An inert, water-immiscible inert organic liquid having gas transport properties, water and a suitable emulsifying agent are formed into a stable gel by emulsifying a mixture of the same, concentrating the emulsion to form a gel phase and a liquid phase and separating the two phases. The resulting gel can be used as an ointment or cosmetic for skin irritations or wounds, or as a coating in industrial applications where extended contact of a surface with a gas, such as oxygen, is desired. Fluorocarbons or low viscosity silicone oils are suitable organic liquid components of the gels.

Preparation of a gel having gas transporting capability

An inert, water-immiscible inert organic liquid having gas transport properties, water and a suitable emulsifying agent are formed into a stable gel by emulsifying a mixture of the same, concentrating the emulsion to form a gel phase and a liquid phase, and separating the two phases. The resulting gel can be used as an ointment or cosmetic for skin irritations or wounds, or as a coating in industrial applications where extended contact of a surface with a gas, such as oxygen, is desired. Fluorocarbons or low viscosity silicone oils are suitable organic liquid components of the gels.

A material is traced to its origin or the flow pattern of a fluid medium is defined by incorporating into the material or fluid medium a perfluorinated C.sub.9 -C.sub.18 polycyclic hydrocarbon containing at least two bridgehead carbon atoms linked through a bridge containing at least one carbon atom, collecting a sample of the material or fluid medium after distribution or flow, and analyzing the sample for the presence of the perfluoro compound.

Fluorocarbon tracers and tracing method

Aqueous dispersions of a non-aromatizable perfluorinated C.sub.9 -C.sub.18 polycyclic hydrocarbon having gas carrying properties, and a minor amount of an amidoamine oxide surfactant, the dispersions having at room temperature an average particle size of not over 0.1 micron initially and less than 0.3 micron for up to about one year or more. The ability of the dispersions to maintain low particle size over long periods at room temperature indicates exceptional stability, making them valuable as blood substitutes and therapeutic agents.

Stable gas-carrying compositions

Perfluoroadamantane and 1-hydropentadecafluoroadamantane are prepared by perfluorinating adamantane and/or bromoadamantane by contacting CoF.sub.3 at an elevated temperature. The fluoroadamantanes have utility as synthetic blood substitutes or perfusion media.

Preparation of 1-hydropentadecafluoroadamantane and perfluoroadamantane

A process for selecting a perfluorocarbon compound from those having about 9 to 12 carbon atoms for preparing synthetic blood compositions. The process involves determining the critical solution temperature of the perfluorocarbon compound in a solvent such as n-hexane. The perfluorocarbon compound is accepted as suitable for preparing a synthetic blood composition if its critical solution temperature falls below a selected temperature set by the number of carbon atoms in the perfluorocarbon compound.

Selecting perfluorocarbon compounds for synthetic blood

Perfluorinated polycyclic hydrocarbons may be produced in high yield by a three-stage process comprising contacting a cyclic hydrocarbon such as an alkyladamantane with a fluoride of silver, manganese, sulfur or the like under varying reaction conditions, generally in the liquid state, to provide a partially fluorinated cyclic hydrocarbon. This fluorination is followed by a second stage vapor phase reaction with a fluoride of cobalt or the like at temperatures generally just above the boiling point of the material to yield highly fluorinated cyclic compounds, followed by a third stage reaction with the same reagent at substantially higher temperatures to provide the desired perfluorinated material. Alternatively, the partially fluorinated material for use in the second stage may be derived from known sources, using any known partially fluorinated cyclic hydrocarbon. In a further embodiment, a fluidized bed reactor may be substituted for the second and third vapor phase stages described above.

Cyclic hydrocarbon perfluorination process

Pinene can be converted to perfluoro-p-menthane in high yield by first hydrogenating pinene to form pinane, and then perfluorinating the same with CoF.sub.3. Ring cleavage of the pinane to form p-menthane is achieved simultaneously with the perfluorination in a single step to obtain perfluoro-p-menthane, a valuable synthetic blood substitute material.

Novel process for production of perfluoro p-methane from pinene

Novel emulsions of non-aromatizable perfluorinated compounds are useful as blood substitutes or as perfusion materials for the storage of organs such as kidneys prior to transplant. The compounds employed are polycyclic compounds and emulsions prepared from the perfluorinated derivatives thereof possess extremely high stability, zero or extremely low ultimate residue in the body, and a vapor pressure which is just about right for use in the body without adverse effects thereon.

Perfluoro polycyclic compounds for use as synthetic blood and perfusion

A friction or tractive drive comprises at least two relatively rotatable members in torque transmitting relationship, the tractive surfaces of the members having disposed thereon a tractant selected from the following groups (A) or (B):

Friction or tractive drive containing ethers of adamantanes

Novel, highly fluorinated hydrocarbons derived from the fluorination of alkyladamantanes, may be produced by known means, as for example by the process comprising contacting an alkyladamantane hydrocarbon, in vapor phase, with a fluoride of a transition metal (e.g., CoF.sub.3, MnF.sub.3, AgF.sub.2) at 200.degree.-400.degree. C. The preferred adamantane hydrocarbons contain in the range of 11-30 (more preferred 12 to 14) carbon atoms and contain methyl and/or ethyl groups.

Process of manufacture of flourinated alkyladamantanes

Alkyladamantanes and/or alkyladamantanols of the C.sub.12 -C.sub.19 range containing 1-3 alkyl groups of the C.sub.1 -C.sub.3 range are converted to hydrocarbon dimers in which two adamantane nuclei are linked to each other through an alkylene radical derived from and having the same number of carbon atoms as an alkyl group of the starting material. The reaction is effected by contacting the starting material with sulfuric acid having a strength in the range of 94-102% H.sub.2 SO.sub.4 in the absence of any other reactant material. When the reactant is a dimethyladamantane or ethyldimethyladamantane or a monool corresponding thereto, ether products in which two adamantane nuclei are joined both through an ether linkage and through a methylene or ethylene radical can also be produced. Some of the linked products are oily liquids while others are normally solid. Usually a small amount of alkyladamantanone is formed. Both the hydrocarbon dimers and ethers have unusually high traction coefficients and are particularly useful as component of traction fluids. These products also have various other uses, such as in coating, investment casting, caulking and potting compositions and as stiffening agents in candles.

Reaction of alkyladamantane compounds to form products having two linked

A composition useful as a base stock for a lubricant in a traction drive transmission has a kinematic viscosity at 210.degree.F in the range of 1.5-200.0 cs. and contains A. from 1-25 parts by weight of a hydrogenated polymer of C.sub.3 -C.sub.8 aliphatic monoolefin, said polymer having an average molecular weight in the range of 180-2000, and B. one part by weight of at least one member selected from

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Wilmington, DE, United States of America

Robert E Moore