Fmc Corporation

International Technology Corporation

Brown, Richard A.

Norris, Robert D.

Brubaker, Gaylen R.

Raymond, Richard L.

O'neill, Eugene T.

Robert D Norris

Richard A Brown

Harry H Beacham

Joseph C Richards

George Edward Hoag

Gaylen R Brubaker

Frank E Caropreso

Charles J Lymburner

Lance R Byers

Eugene T O'Neill

Manuel Alvarez

E Robert Fretz, Jr

Benedicte Betermier

Bruce K McEuen

Richard L Raymond

Eugene T O'neill

George E Hoag

The invention is an apparatus for aerobically biodegrading an organic compound such as a petroleum product which is contaminating a particulate solid such as soil and a process for employing the apparatus. A preferred embodiment comprises a pit lined with an impermeable liner in which gas distributing means and contaminated soils are distributed as alternate layers and air is urged into the gas distributing means.

Apparatus and method for confining and decontaminating soil

The present invention is a method for distributing a colloid-free, aqueous solution containing a peroxygen compound in a particulate matter containing clay without causing the clay to swell. It has been found that hydrogen peroxide alone causes swelling of clays. It is well-known that monovalent ions cause clays to disperse and swell. It is unexpected to find that perborate and persulfate anions do not cause clays to swell, even in the presence of sodium ions. The process is useful for enhancing the biodegradation of contaminants in clayey soils or for winning mineral values from clayey ore deposits.

Method for distributing an aqueous solution containing a peroxygen in

The present invention provides a composition of nutrients and a method using such a composition to stimulate the growth of aerobic bacteria, and particularly bacteria capable of biooxidizing contaminants in a subterranean formation.

Nutrient for stimulating aerobic bacteria

A hydraulic process has been developed and a process to treat subterranean formations whereby the medium can maintain for a period of time a sufficient viscosity to function as a hydraulic medium and optionally to support particulate matter. Subsequently, the viscosity of the medium decreases to facilitate the removal of the medium.

Peroxygen breaker systems for well completion fluids

The invention provides a method to liquify a heavy brine completion fluid containing chlorides. The combination of a persulfate and hydrogen peroxide was found to be more effective than either compound alone, or than a peroxygen plus an activator.

Method for liquifying chloride-based heavy brine well completion fluids

The present invention is a process to oxidize a contaminant in a permeable subterranean formation by introducing an aqueous treating solution into the formation which solution contains hydrogen peroxide and a compound to control the mobility of the aqueous solution by increasing the viscosity, the density, or modifying the interfacial properties of the aqueous solution within the formation. The aqueous treating solution may also contain stabilizers for the hydrogen peroxide, free radical initiators, or free radical traps. Optionally, the formation may be pretreated to modify the permeability of the formation, to deactivate or remove hydrogen peroxide decomposition catalyst or to uniformly distribute free radical initiators therein.

Method for decontaminating a permeable subterranean formation

The present invention is a process to stimulate the biooxidation of a contaminant in a subterranean formation by introducing an aqueous solution into the formation. The concentration of the hydrogen peroxide is increased thereby acclimating the biota to higher concentrations of hydrogen peroxide. Periodically the concentration of the hydrogen peroxide is increased for a short time sufficiently to be toxic to the biota at or relatively adjacent to the site of introduction, thereby increasing the permeability of the formation at or adjacent to the site of introduction.

Stimulation of biooxidation processes in subterranean formations

An aqueous composition has been developed to treat subterranean formations whereby the compositions can maintain for a period of time a sufficient viscosity to function as a hydraulic fluid and optionally to support particulate matter. Subsequently, the viscosity of the composition decreases to facilitate the removal of the composition.

Composition and method for treating a subterranean formation

A method for preferentially oxidizing sulfide in a viscous, aqueous solution of a hydratable polymeric material suitable for use in hydraulically treating subterranean formations.

Oxidation of sulfides in polymer-thickened aqueous solution

Means are provided for increasing the productivity of a hydrocarbon formation by modifying the formation in the vicinity of the borehole by a succession of treatments utilizing a first fluid which releases energy within the borehole and a second fluid modifying the fluid within the borehole. The means provides successive treatment of steam, carbon dioxide, oxygen, and inert gases in any order desired.

Stimulation of hydrocarbon flow from a geological formation

A process for the destruction of cyanide in an aqueous solution containing an iron cyanide complex wherein the pH of the solution is adjusted to be between 11 and 12 and the solution is irradiated with ultraviolet radiation. The pH of the solution is subsequently reduced to between 8 and 11, hydrogen peroxide is added, and the solution is then reacted absent further radiation.

Destruction of iron cyanide complexes

A process was developed to optimize the thallium (III) produced by the reaction of hydrogen peroxide and thallium (I). In the optimized process, thallium (III) is removed from the reaction mixture during the oxidation reaction.

Process for oxidizing thallium (I) to thallium (III)

A process for converting a thallium (I) compound to a thallium (III) compound comprising contacting an alkaline solution of the thallium (I) compound with gaseous oxygen and in the presence of a peroxygen compound.

Process for preparing thallium (III)

Compositions comprising organic phosphorus compounds having a peroxygen group which is either a hydroperoxyalkyl (H--OO--C--) group or a peroxyether (--C--OO--C--) group. There is at least one such group per 500 phosphorus atoms in the composition. These peroxygen compounds may be made by passing oxygen through a liquid comprising a phosphorus compound which has an aliphatic carbon, having an abstractable hydrogen, directly attached to a carbon of an aryl ring; for example, an isopropylphenyl phosphate. The peroxygen compounds may be added to compositions comprising peroxide-reactive organic polymers to increase flame resistance.

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Cranbury, NJ, United States of America

Robert D Norris