Other

Atlas Powder Company

Glow-tec

Robert B Clay

Gary L Hansen

Richard E Trapp

Merrill A Cook

Robert S Olney

Lex L Udy

Lawrence J Dubetsky

The phosphorescent toy gel composition is produced by suspending phosphorescent particles in an aqueous solution, thickened with guar gum and crosslinked by a borate compound. The method for manufacturing the phosphorescent gel composition comprises, in one aspect, the steps of providing a water-based solution with a borate ion-containing compound dissolved in the water, providing guar gum and phosphorescent particles suspended and dispersed in propylene glycol, and mixing the water-based solution and the propylene glycol dispersion in a proportion to provide a phosphorescent gel composition.

Phosphorescent toy gel composition and methods of manufacture

Process for the formulation of a multi-component explosive composition from non-detonable components comprising a defined body of unconsolidated particulate aluminum fuel granules and an oxidizing liquid. Specific particulate aluminum fuel has an average particle size within the range of about 1/64-1/4 inch and is packed within a container or other confining structure to provide an average bulk density within the range of 0.2-1.0 gm/cc. The aluminum fuel particles are generally wadded-up aluminum foil granules. The oxidizing liquid added to the body of aluminum fuel fills the void space between granules of aluminum entrapping some voids within the granules to provide an average bulk density of the mixture of oxidizing liquid and particulate aluminum within the of 1.2-1.7 gm/cc, creating an explosive, formulation which is detonable in a diameter of 4 inches at 20.degree. C. by a one pound pentolite booster and normally by a 1/2 pound pentolite booster. The oxidizing liquid can comprise an aqueous solution of an oxidizing agent selected from the group consisting of alkali metal and ammonium nitrates, alkali metal and ammonium perchlorates, alkaline earth metal nitrates, alkaline earth metal perchlorates and mixtures thereof and may also include a hygroscopic freezing point depressant which may act as a sensitizer. An alternative oxidizing liquid for use with the particulate aluminum fuel comprises a nitroparaffin selected from the group of nitromethane, nitroethane, nitropropane and mixtures thereof. A specific oxidizing liquid is a nitromethane and nitroethane mixture having a nitromethane to nitroethane ratio of 0.6-1.2, more particularly, about 1.0.

Formulation of multi-component explosives

A multicomponent explosive composition and its use as a blasting agent in ditching operations and the like. The explosive comprises a fuel component and an oxidizer compnent, both of which are retained in the liquid state over wide temperature ranges and are stable over long storage intervals. The fuel component comprises a suspension of a particulate metal fuel, specifically aluminum, in a carrier liquid formed of a mixture of a water-miscible polyhydric alcohol and a pyrrolidone solvent. The carrier liquid contains a thickening agent to provide thixotropic rheological properties such that the particulate metal fuel remains in suspension at rest, but with shear forces induced by pumping, the components become more fluid for mixing and pumping easily. The oxidizer component comprises an aqueous solution of an inorganic oxidizer salt. The oxidizer solution contains void-containing materials such as glass or saran microbubbles. The void-containing materials may be suspended in the fuel component also. The fuel and oxidizer components are stored in separate reservoirs and transported to the location of the detonation site. The components are separately metered from their respective reservoirs and supplied to a static mixing zone where they are mixed together.

Multicomponent explosives

A blasting composition of high solids content, usually of plastic solid consistency, is composed of 60 to 90 parts by weight of solid particulate oxidizer salt, which is mainly ammonium nitrate, preferably fertilizer grade prills, and 10 to 40% of liquid slurry partially filling the interstices and voids in and between the solid particles. The slurry is one that will not appreciably dissolve or soften the granules, hence it is preferably a substantially saturated and thickened solution, in non-aqueous solvent, of strong oxidizer salt, typically ammonium and/or calcium nitrate to which sodium nitrate may be added. The preferred solvent is a low molecular weight polar organic liquid, selected from the group consisting of methanol, ethylene glycol, formamide and ethanol. In some cases isopropanol or propylene glycol may be included. The slurry is of greater density than the bulk granular solids so that it will significantly increase the overall bulk density of the composition which should contain enough dispersed air to improve its sensitivity to detonation over that of a similar composition containing no air filled voids.

Blasting composition

The present invention relates to a pump truck for handling aqueous slurry blasting agents. The truck is designed to mix and pump the slurry without the use of augers, electrical drives, hydraulic drives, ingredient flow drive motors or other such equipment, resulting in increased safety and improved function.

Blasting slurry pump truck

A pourable blasting agent of high water resistance, having controlled density and bulk blasting strength greater than that of conventional ammonium nitrate-fuel oil (ANFO) mixtures, comprises two main essential components, i.e. (1) 40 to 60% by weight of a dry or essentially dry, solid, particulate oxidizer salt, with or without added fuel oil for oxygen balance and (2) 60 to 40% of a water-in-oil emulsion containing oxidizer salt dissolved in water and combined with an oily vehicle held in stable emulsion condition with a small quantity of water-in-oil emulsifier, the emulsion also containing a density controlled sensitizer such as hollow glass beads, polystyrene beads, microballoons or equivalent. The first component is preferably a fertilizer grade prilled ammonium nitrate, with or without added oil; the second is of heavy oil or grease consistency having high resistance to the extraction of salt therefrom in water and being of substantially higher bulk density than the particulate material. The components are thoroughly mixed together to substantially eliminate voids between the solid granules. The oily or greasy emulsion contains enough oil, with or without other fuels, to give substantial oxygen balance to the whole mixture. The required quantity of a highly effective emulsifier is minimized by high shear mixing to insure a stable emulsion of the second component.

Water resistant blasting agent and method of use

A blasting composition is disclosed having bulk density and hence explosive energy superior to that of conventional ammonium nitrate fuel oil mixtures, e.g. 94% AN, 6% fuel oil mixtures, but of nearly comparable cost. It comprises two major constituents blended together, namely, (1) about 10 to 40% by weight of a water in oil emulsion which includes aqueous solution of a powerful oxidizer salt as the disperse or inner phase and an oil serving to provide oxygen balance as the external or continuous phase, this emulsion being mixed or blended with (2) a mass of essentially solid particulate oxidizer salt in proportions of 60 to 90% of the total. The emulsion, which may be also a slurry, is mixed to partially but not completely fill the pores or interstices in the solid particulate mass, thereby to increase bulk density, part of the spaces being left unfilled to provide aeration and active sites or 'hot spots' to facilitate detonation of the composition by standard detonation devices. Ammonium nitrate preferably constitutes most or all the particulate solid salts; the dissolved salts in the emulsion or slurry preferably comprise a mixture of AN with calcium nitrate to enhance solubility. Other salts such as nitrates, chlorates and perchlorates of ammonium, alkali metals and alkaline earth metals may be added or substituted, at least in part.

Water-in-oil blasting composition

A simple dewatering system comprises hollow expandable bore-plugging body which can be set in place and locked there in the borehole, at any desired level, by simply pumping compressed air into it. An orifice of calculated size in the bottom of the body allows compressed air to escape and build up pressure below to raise the water in the lower part of the hole to the ground surface through a conduit which extends from the borehole bottom to a level above the ground. The orifice, which may be adjustable, maintains a predetermined minimum pressure differential inside the body which pressure is enough higher than the water-expelling pressure below to keep the body tightly inflated so it cannot slide upwardly. Compressed air escapes continuously through the orifice so that outflow of water from the borehole bottom is continuous until the water level reaches the bottom of the outflow conduit, when the conduit is blown clear, preventing run-back of the water in the conduit. The body and the outflow conduit may be enclosed in a sleeve or liner of impervious flexible sheet material which lines the inner borehole surface and prevents loss of compressed air through fissures or other pores or openings in the rock formation where the hole is located. To withstand high pressures, a protective shroud of metal mesh is used to limit stretching of the expandable body.

Growing community of inventors

Bountiful, UT, United States of America

Robert B Clay