The Ohio State University

Lanxide Technology Company, LP

Aluminum Company of America

Kb Alloys

Other

The United States of America As Represented by the United States

Robert A Rapp

Siba P Ray

Marc S Newkirk

William B Johnson

Terry D Claar

Andrew W Urquhart

Alan S Nagelberg

Michael J Pryor

William C Setzer

Noel Jarrett

David K Young

Francis P Koch

Endang Pangestuti

Ge Wang

E Allen LaRoche, Jr

Stephen C Byrne

Chiang Y Yang

Carroll E Mobley

Mark A Harper

The present invention includes a conceptually new process to produce primary aluminum through the modification/adaptation for the HHC of a non-consumable anode of the type used for solid oxide fuel cells (SOFC) with the provision to electrochemically utilize/burn a fuel. The present invention is believed to work most effectively when the dissolution and fragility problems of the zirconia-base solid electrolyte can be sufficiently alleviated, e.g., through the use of a lower electrolysis temperature, through the use of melt additives to restrict dissolution, and/or through modem methods for the fabrication/deposition of the electrolyte onto an appropriate internal metal anode. The present invention thus achieves, through the use of the solid-electrolyte-coated anode, the long-sought non-consumable anode. The electrochemical oxidation, inside the NCA in accordance with the present invention, of an inexpensive fuel, e.g., reformed natural gas (as is done in the modern SOFC), constitutes a significantly more favorable anodic oxidation reaction than the evolution of pure oxygen disclosed by Marincek.

Method featuring a non-consumable anode for the electrowinning of

The present invention includes a conceptually new process to produce primary aluminum through the modification/adaptation for the HHC of a non-consumable anode of the type used for solid oxide fuel cells (SOFC) with the provision to electrochemically utilize/burn a fuel. The present invention is believed to work most effectively when the dissolution and fragility problems of the zirconia-base solid electrolyte can be sufficiently alleviated, e.g., through the use of a lower electrolysis temperature, through the use of melt additives to restrict dissolution, and/or through modern methods for the fabrication/deposition of the electrolyte onto an appropriate internal metal anode. The present invention thus achieves, through the use of the solid-electrolyte-coated anode, the long-sought non-consumable anode. The electrochemical oxidation, inside the NCA in accordance with the present invention, of an inexpensive fuel, e.g., reformed natural gas (as is done in the modern SOFC), constitutes a significantly more favorable anodic oxidation reaction than the evolution of pure oxygen disclosed by Marincek.

Method and apparatus featuring a non-consumable anode for the

Offgas recycling processes, including an argon degassing embodiment which cyclically regenerates one treatment flow path while the other treatment flow path is treating the offgas. The system is changed into a second mode to regenerate the previously treating portion of the system while the offgas is being treated by the previously regenerated treatment device. A second embodiment oxidizes a copper chloride bed to release chlorine, which is injected into the melt. The offgas contains chlorine and HCl, which react with a second bed, containing oxides of copper, forming copper chloride. Water vapor and nitrogen are exhausted to the environment. Before the beds are fully reacted, the flow of gas through the beds is reversed, oxidizing the CuCl bed and reducing the copper oxides.

Degassing of liquid aluminum and other metals

A method for the simultaneous deposition of chromium and silicon to form a diffusion coating on a workpiece uses a halide-activated cementation pack with a dual halide activator. Elemental metal powders may be employed with the dual activator. A two-step heating schedule prevents blocking a chromium carbide from forming at the surface of the workpiece. Small contents of either Ce or V can be added to the Cr+Si contents of the coating by introducing oxides of Ce or V into the filler of the pack.

Method of depositing chromium and silicon on a metal to form a diffusion

The present invention broadly relates to novel complex oxidation reaction products such as perovskite bodies, including shaped complex oxidation reaction products. This invention also includes complex oxidation reaction products which exhibit superconducting properties.

Complex perovskite oxidation reaction products

Aluminum base alloy consisting essentially of from 0.1 to 3.0% boron, from 1 to 10% titanium and the balance essentially aluminum wherein the aluminum matrix contains TiB.sub.2 particles dispersed throughout said matrix having an average particle size of less than 1 micron, and wherein the matrix contains clusters of said TiB.sub.2 particles greater than 10 microns in size with an average of less than 4 of said clusters per 2 cm.sup.2. The alloy is prepared by adding a boron containing material selected from the group consisting of borax, boron oxide, boric acid and mixtures thereof, and K.sub.2 TiF.sub.6 to a bath of molten aluminum and stirring the molten mixture.

Aluminum base alloy

Aluminum base alloy and method for preparing same

Diffusion coatings incorporating approximately 18 to 35 wt % Cr and 1 to 3% Si in 2.25Cr-1.0Mo steel and 1018 steel have been produced using a pack cementation method. The codeposition of these concentrations of Cr and Si into the 2.25Cr-1.0Mo and 1018 steel requires the use of a 'mixed activator' (fused salt solution of NaF and NaCl). Cyclic oxidation tests in air at 700.degree. C. of a coated 2.25Cr-1.0Mo steel coupon with a surface concentration of 34Cr-3Si have shown excellent cyclic oxidation resistance. Furthermore, a 1018 coupon coated to a surface concentration of Fe-30 wt % Cr-3Si shows negligible aqueous corrosion in an aerated 3.5% NaCl solution at room temperature. These coatings have provided similar protection in more complex oxidizing and reducing atmospheres.

Codeposition of chromium and silicon diffusion coatings in FE-base

The present invention relates to a novel method of manufacturing a composite body, such as a ZrB.sub.2 --ZrC--Zr composite body, by utilizing a post-treatment technique which may improve the oxidation resistance of the composite body. Moreover, the invention relates to novel products made according to the process. The novel process modifies at least a portion of a composite body by exposing said body to a source of second metal.

Method of modifying ceramic composite bodies by a post-treatment process

The present invention relates to a novel method of manufacturing a composite body, such as a ZrB.sub.2 -ZrC-Zr composite body, by utilizing a post-treatment technique which may improve the oxidation resistance of the composite body. Moreover, the invention relates to novel products made according to the process. The novel process modifies at least a portion of a composite body by exposing said body to a source of second metal.

A complex oxidation reaction product of two or more metals in an oxidized state is formed by positioning a suitable precursor metal adjacent to a permeable mass of a metal-containing compound in an oxidizing atmosphere and heating the assembly to form a body of molten precursor metal. The molten metal infiltrates the permeable mass and reacts therewith and with the oxidizing atmosphere to form a complex oxidation reaction product. Methods for determining the shape of the resulting article are described. The disclosed methods can be used to form superconducting perovskites.

Methods for forming complex oxidation reaction products including

The present invention relates to a novel method of manufacturing a composite body, such as a ZrB.sub.2 --ZrC--Z composite body, by utilizing a post-treatment technique. Moreover, the invention relates to novel products made according to the process. The novel process modifies at least a portion of a composite body by exposing said body to a source of second metal.

A heat storage medium comprising a body of parent metal and an intrinsically cohesive ceramic layer formed integrally with the metal body and encapsulating said metal body is produced by the directed oxidation of a body of parent metal outwardly from the surface of said body to form integrally with the body of parent metal a layer of oxidation reaction product which encapsulates unreacted parent metal and forms a cavity resulting from the depletion of aprent metal.

Growing community of inventors

Columbus, OH, United States of America

Robert A Rapp