T&n Materials Research Limited

Turner & Newall Limited

Robert A Lancaster

Brian Hargreaves

Noel C McKenzie

Alan W Atkinson

Alan K Cousens

Richard H Clucas

Brian Healey

Allen M Perkins

John D Crabtree

Non-asbestos flexible sheet material suitable for use in the manufacture of spiral wound gaskets is made by dewatering on a water-permeable conveyor a layer of aqueous slurry and compressing and drying the dewatered layer, the aqueous slurry employed being one that contains the following ingredients in the following proportions by dry weight:

Asbestos-free sheet material for spiral-wound gaskets

Non-asbestos flexible sheet material suitable for use in gaskets for the exhaust manifold of an internal combustion engine is made by dewatering on a water-permeable conveyor a layer of aqueous slurry and compressing and drying the dewatered layer, the aqueous slurry employed being one that contains the following ingredients in the following proportions by dry weight:

Flexible, asbestos-free gasket material

Non-asbestos flexible sheet material suitable for use in gaskets for the cylinder head of an internal combustion engine is made by dewatering on a water-permeable conveyor a layer of aqueous slurry and compressing and drying the dewatered layer, the aqueous slurry employed being one that contains the following ingredients in the following proportions by dry weight:

Non-asbestos alternatives to starch-bound asbestos papers comprise a matrix of unfired ball clay which is reinforced by vitreous fibres derived from wool-form materials and by organic web-forming fibres, the whole being bound together by hydrolysed starch.

Starch bound paper

A board product containing glassy inorganic fibre such as mineral wool, in a matrix of a plastic clay such as ball clay. The amounts of clay and inorganic fibre are in the respective ranges 29 to 80 percent by weight and 15 to 55 percent by weight of the product, and its density is at least 500 kg/m.sup.3. The board can replace asbestos millboard and has the advantage of being asbestos-free. It can be made by the standard paper and board-making techniques, when preferred ingredients are pulp fibres e.g. cellulose pulp, and a complementary binder, particularly hydrolyzable starch, the latter enabling the product to be re-mouldable upon moistening with water.

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Littleborough, United Kingdom

Robert A Lancaster