Nokia Technologies Oy

Nokia Corporation

Emberion Oy

Lyten, Inc.

Provenance Asset Group LLC

Nokie Technologies Oy

Richard White

Jani Kivioja

Stefano Marco Borini

Michael Robert Astley

Piers Andrew

Samiul Md Haque

Chris Bower

Darryl Cotton

Di Wei

Mark Allen

Alan Colli

Alexander Bessonov

Elisabetta Spigone

Adam Robinson

Yinglin Liu

Teuvo Tapani Ryhanen

Nadine Harris

Zoran Radivojevic

Juha Backman

Antti Niskanen

Hongwei Li

Markku Antti Kyosti Rouvala

Andrew Peter Matthews

Surama Malik

Christopher Bower

Marc Bailey

Marc James Ashton Bailey

Jani Kivoja

Ivonne Medina-salazar

Teuvo RYHÄNEN

Michael Astley

A method and apparatus, the method comprising: forming a layer of two dimensional material (), in particular graphene, on a first release layer; forming, possibly a (gate) insulating layer (), and at least two, preferably three, electrodes (); forming a second release layer overlaying at least a portion of the layer of two dimensional material; providing a mouldable polymer () overlaying the at least two electrodes and the second release layer; and removing the first and second release layers to provide a cavity () between the mouldable polymer () and the layer of two dimensional material ().

Method for forming apparatus comprising two dimensional material

Apparatus comprising an inlet region for receiving a gas mixture; an ionizer for supplying hydronium ions to the received gas mixture to generate ions, wherein the ionizer comprises a membrane for receiving the gas mixture, and wherein the membrane, preferably made of graphene oxide, is capable of generating hydronium ions from water; and an ion detector for detecting ions generated from the gas mixture.

Method and apparatus for analysis of gases

An apparatus and method, the apparatus comprising: at least one electrode configured to provide an electrical connection to a channel of two dimensional material wherein the electrode comprises a conductive layer and plurality of nanostructures wherein at least some of the nanostructures comprise a conductive core and a coating of two dimensional material.

Apparatus comprising two dimensional material

An apparatus comprising: a plurality of sensors () arranged in an array (), each sensor having a source electrode (), a drain electrode (), a gate electrode () and a channel, wherein the source electrode and drain electrode are elongate and the channel has a channel width defined by the longitudinal extent of the source and/or drain electrode and a channel length defined by the separation between the source and drain electrodes; a common conductive or semiconductive layer (), which may be made of graphene, comprising the channels of the sensors () and arranged to extend over the plurality of sensors of the array and configured to be in electrical contact with at least the source electrode and the drain electrode of each sensor; and wherein the source electrode or drain electrode of each sensor forms a substantially continuous sensor perimeter at least along the channel width, which substantially encloses the other electrode of each sensor to inhibit the flow of charge carriers beyond the sensor perimeter to inhibit crosstalk between sensors in the array.

Apparatus comprising a sensor arrangement and associated fabrication methods

A composite nanoparticle () comprises an inner core () made of a transparent dielectric material, a first coating layer () made of a plasmonic material which overlays the inner core () and a second coating layer () made of a semiconductor material overlaying the first coating layer (). Incident light is absorbed by generating surface plasmons at a boundary () between the inner core () and the first coating layer () and at a boundary () between the first coating layer () and the second coating layer () in order to increase the light absorption and thus the exciton generation by the second coating layer (). The structure of composite particle () also allows for tuning of the resonance of the surface plasmons which tunes the frequency of light, or other electromagnetic radiation, that is detected. A photodetector for detecting the absorbed light comprises a channel () which is a layer of a two-dimensional material between a source electrode () and a drain electrode (), and a layer () of a plurality of composite particles (). The layer () acts as a photogate of the field effect transistor ().

Composite nanoparticle and photodetector comprising the nanoparticle

A method comprising: depositing a quantum dot solution onto an as-grown layer of channel material to form a layer of quantum dot material having a substantially uniform thickness across the area of the layer of quantum dot material; and transferring the layers of channel and quantum dot material as a single stack onto a substrate comprising source and drain electrodes such that both the layers of channel and quantum dot material substantially conform to the topography of the underlying substrate and electrodes whilst maintaining the substantially uniform thickness of quantum dot material, the source and drain electrodes configured to enable a flow of electrical current through the layer of channel material, the layer of quantum dot material configured to generate electron-hole pairs on exposure to incident electromagnetic radiation to produce a detectable change in the flow of electrical current which is indicative of one or more of the presence and magnitude of the incident electromagnetic radiation.

Quantum dot photodetector apparatus and associated methods

An apparatus comprises a layer of channel material, source and drain electrodes configured to enable a flow of electrical current through the channel material, and a layer of quantum dot material configured to generate electron-hole pairs on exposure to electromagnetic radiation to produce a detectable change in the electrical current indicative of one or more of the presence and magnitude of the electromagnetic radiation. The layer of quantum dot material is positioned between the channel material and a layer of conductive material. The layers of channel and conductive material have work functions such that respective built-in electric fields are created at the interfaces between the layer of quantum dot material and the channel and conductive material. The electric field at each interface acts in the same direction to promote separation of the electrons and holes of the electron-hole pairs to facilitate production of the detectable change in electrical current.

A photodetector has a two dimensional conductive channel and a quantum dot layer configured to generate charge on exposure to incident electromagnetic radiation. The surface texture of the quantum dot layer has texturing to provide surface roughness which increases the amount of electromagnetic radiation absorbed in the quantum dot layer in comparison to a photodetector having a flat (non-textured) incident electromagnetic radiation surface.

Photodetector with conductive channel made from two dimensional material

An apparatus, method and computer program where the apparatus comprises: a plurality of sensors () configured to detect a physiological parameter: wherein at least one first () sensor is configured to have a first sensitivity to the physiological parameter and at least one second sensor () is configured to have a second sensitivity to the physiological parameter; such that a parameter profile, comprising a plurality of measurements of the physiological parameter at different is provided by the apparatus.

Apparatus, method and computer program for detecting physiological parameters

A method and apparatus, the method comprising: forming at least two electrodes () on a release layer wherein the at least two electrodes are configured to enable a layer of two dimensional material () to be provided between the at least two electrodes; providing moldable polymer () overlaying the at least two electrodes; wherein the at least two electrodes and the moldable polymer form at least part of a planar surface ().

An apparatus and method, the apparatus including a charge carrier wherein the charge carrier includes a continuous three dimensional framework including a plurality of cavities throughout the framework; sensor material provided throughout the charge carrier; wherein the sensor material is configured to transduce a detected input and change conductivity of the charge carrier in dependence of the detected input.

Transducing apparatus and method for providing such apparatus

A device for direct X-ray detection () comprises a plurality of substantially parallel conductive channels () separated from one another by a quantum dot material (), thereby forming a composite material layer (). The parallel conductive channels () are electrically connected to source and drain electrodes () which enable a flow of electrical current through the conductive channels (). The quantum dot material () generates electron hole pairs upon exposure to incident electromagnetic radiation and the thus generated charge results in an electric field which causes a change in electrical current passing through at least one of the conductive channels (). The change in electrical current is indicative of one or more of the presence and magnitude of the incident electromagnetic radiation. Since the conductive channels () are oriented in a direction perpendicular to the plane of the substrate (), the distances between the conductive channels can be chosen under consideration of the diffusion lengths of the generated charge carriers and independently from the thickness of the composite material layer () required for X-ray radiation.

Device for direct X-ray detection

A single device for emitting and detecting photons. The device comprises a semiconductive layer (), active material (), further dielectric layer () and overlying electrode (). In a first mode of operation an electrical field is applied between the semiconductive layer () and the overlying electrode (). This enables photons to be emitted from the active material (). In a second mode of operation, the semiconductive layer () constitutes a channel of a field effect transistor (). The field effect transistor further comprises source electrode (), drain electrode (), gate electrode () and dielectric layer (). Photons absorbed by the active material () causes charge to be transferred to the semiconductive layer (), thereby changing the channel resistance. A plurality of such devices can be arranged in a configurable array.

Device for emitting and detecting photons and method of producing the same

An apparatus () comprising first and second plasmonic nanoparticles () connected to one another by a deformable member (), the first and second plasmonic nanoparticles each configured to exhibit a respective plasmon resonance when exposed to incident electromagnetic radiation (), wherein, in a first configuration, the first and second plasmonic nanoparticles are in sufficient proximity to one another that their respective plasmon resonances can interact to produce a resulting plasmon resonance, and wherein mechanical deformation of the deformable member causes a variation in the relative position of the plasmonic nanoparticles to a second configuration to produce a detectable change in the resulting plasmon resonance of the first configuration which can be used to determine said mechanical deformation.

Mechanical deformation sensor based on plasmonic nanoparticles

A method and apparatus, the method comprising: forming first electrode portions on a substrate; providing a sheet of two dimensional material overlaying at least part of the first electrode portions; forming second electrode portions on a superstrate; positioning the superstrate overlaying the substrate so that the second electrode portions are aligned with the first electrode portions; and laminating the substrate and the superstrate together so that the sheet of two dimensional material is positioned between the aligned first electrode portions and the second electrode portions.

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Huntingdon, United Kingdom

Richard White