International Business Machines Corporation

Other

Richard R Thomas

Stephen L Buchwalter

Jae M Park

Robert A Frosch

Alfred Viehbeck

Terrence Robert O'Toole

Charles Robert Davis

Leena Paivikki Buchwalter

Ronald Dean Goldblatt

Eldon L Jeffers

Susan A Hodgson

Caroline A Kovac

Dae Young Jung

John E Heidenreich, Iii

Grace L Picciolo

Sharon L Nunes

Emmett W Chappelle

Thomas Carl Clarke

Ernest R Frank

Domenico Tortorella

Jody W Deming

Luis M Ferreiro, Deceased

A method of making a small metallic fishing lure with an encapsulated lead core weight is disclosed comprising the steps of inserting a piece of lead wire into a precut piece of tubing and then pressing said tubing flat, trimming or shaping it, punching holes and attaching a hook and snap ring thereto.

Method of making a metallic fishing lure with an internal lead core

Method for treating surface of dielectric polymer with water vapor plasma to form reactive sites and grafting a reactive polymer thereto to tailor the properties of the dielectric polymer surface.

Reactive surface functionalization

A process is disclosed for producing a metal-organic polymer combination by contacting the polymer with a plasma followed by an aqueous solution of a metal salt. In one embodiment a water or nitrous oxide plasma is used to treat a polyimide or a fluorinated polymer. The polymer is combined with a metal cation, the metal being a catalyst for a conventional electroless coating after which it is contacted with an electroless metal plating bath for the formation of electrical circuits and especially for plating high aspect ratio vias in microcircuits. Unlike the conventional electroless process, the cationic catalytic metal is not reduced to a zero valent metal catalyst prior to the application of the electroless metal coating solution. The process also improves the wettability of the polymer, especially the fluorinated polymer and is especially useful in improving the wettability of high aspect ratio vias.

Process for producing a metal organic polymer combination

The invention relates to the formation of isoimides from amic acids, especially polyisoimides by a novel process in which polyimides are first converted to polyamic acids and then contacted with an isoimidizing agent. An acyl halide of a heterocyclic nitrogen compound or an acyl halide of a heterocyclic sulphur compound can be used as the isoimidizing agent. The isoimidization may also be carried out in the presence of a compound containing a heterocyclic nitrogen especially a solvent containing a heterocyclic nitrogen. The invention is especially applicable to conducting nucleophilic addition reactions on the surface of polyimides where the surface has been converted to a polyamic acid or on the surface of polyamic acid materials followed by isoimidization and reaction of the isoimide with a nucleophile such as an amine or organic hydroxy compound. Photosensitive metal compounds or electroless metal coating catalysts can be coordinated with the compositions obtained.

Isoimide modifications of a polyimide and reaction thereof with

The surface modification of polyimide materials by a chemical process is disclosed to provide a variety of functional groups on the surface. The surface is treated to produce polyamic acid carboxyl groups which are subsequently reacted with epoxies, hydrazines, or alcohols. The carboxyl groups can be also be subjected to other organic reactions, such as reduction with metal hydrides and the like. The versatility and controllability of this process lends itself to promoting adhesion of the polyimide to similarly treated polyimides, other polymers and other substrates as well as combining with metals such as metal catalysts used for depositing conductors on non-conductive surfaces such as circuit boards.

Surface midification of a polyimide

A reaction product of a .beta.-diketone and a polymer having groups that are reactive with the .beta.-diketone can be complexed with a metal. The reaction product having the complex metal can be activated to provide a substrate suitable for plating from an electroless metal plating bath.

Substrate of metal-complexed beta-diketone/thermosetting polymer

A process for preparing a substrate, e.g., an epoxy printed circuit board, for subsequent metallization. Active chemical sites are formed adhering to the substrate surface. The substrate is then exposed to a vapor of a volatile organometallic compound, which chemically reacts with the active sites and is decomposed to at least a species of the metal constituent of the compound. This species adheres to the substrate and can be transformed into the free metal which is useful as a seed for subsequent electroless deposition of a metal thereon. If selective deposition is desired, a resist masking layer is used prior to forming the seed layer. Volatile organopalladium compounds, such as (cyclopentadienyl)(allyl)palladium and bis(allyl)pallidium, are particularly effective for depositing a palladium seed which is particularly effective for electroless deposition of copper.

Method for preparing substrates for deposition of metal seed from an

.beta.-diketone-polymer reaction product

A bioluminescent assay for ATP in water borne bacteria is made by adding nitric acid to a water sample with concentrated bacteria to rupture the bacterial cells. The sample is diluted with sterile, deionized water, then mixed with a luciferase-luciferin mixture and the resulting light output of the bioluminescent reaction is measured and correlated with bacteria present. A standard and a blank also are processed so that the light output can be correlated to bacteria in the sample and system 'noise' can be substracted from the readings. A chemiluminescent assay for iron porphyrins in water borne bacteria is made by adding luminol reagent to a water sample with concentrated bacteria and measuring the resulting light output of the chemiluminescent reaction. The light output is correlated with bacteria present. A standard and a blank are also processed so that the light output can be correlated to bacteria in the sample and system 'noise' can be subtracted from the readings. Modifications may be made in the methodology to differentiate between live and dead bacteria. An automatic system automatically performs a biolumenscent ATP assay on a concentrated bacterial sample. Reservoirs are provided for the sample, standard and blank. These are sequentially mixed with nitric acid from a reservoir by using two channels of a peristaltic pump. This acid mixture is then mixed with sterile, dionized water from another reservoir using two additional channels of a peristaltic pump and the resulting mixture is then mixed with a luciferase-luciferin mixture from an additional reservoir by employing two more channels of a peristaltic pump. The resulting solution flows through a photometer which indicates the level of the bioluminescent light reaction.

Rapid, quantitative determination of bacteria in water

A method and apparatus for removing porphyrins from a fluid sample which are unrelated to the number of bacteria present in the sample and prior to combining the sample with luminol reagent to produce a light reaction. The method involves a pre-incubation of the sample with a dilute concentration of hydrogen peroxide which inactivates the interfering soluble porphyrins. Further, by delaying taking a light measurement for a predetermined time period after combining the hydrogen peroxide-treated water sample with a luminol reagent, the luminescence produced by the reaction of the luminol reagent with ions present in the solution, being short lived, will have died out so that only porphyrins within the bacteria which have been released by rupturing the cells with the sodium hydroxide in the luminol reagent, will be measured. The measurement thus obtained can then be related to the concentration of live and dead bacteria in the fluid sample.

Growing community of inventors

Fishkill, NY, United States of America

Richard R Thomas