E Ink Corporation

Nuclera Ltd

Nuclera Nucleics Ltd.

Advanced Functional Fabrics of America, Inc.

Richard J Paolini, Jr

Stephen J Telfer

George G Harris

Jay William Anseth

Thomas Henry Whitesides

Charles Howie Honeyman

Craig A Herb

Sunil Krishna Sainis

Michael D McCreary

Alain Bouchard

Stephen Bull

Lee Yezek

Kosta Ladavac

Seth J Bishop

Peter Carsten Bailey Widger

Karl Raymond Amundson

Luke M Slominski

Guy Danner

David Darrell Miller

Jonathan D Albert

Bin Wu

Kenneth R Crounse

Barrett Comiskey

Richard M Webber

Jennifer M Morrison

Isaac W Moran

Gregg Michael Duthaler

Ana L Lattes

Christopher L Hoogeboom

Lan Cao

Matthew Joseph Kayal

Joseph M Jacobson

Robert Waverly Zehner

Michael L Steiner

Michael T Regan

William T Vetterling

Randal M Hill

Shamus Ford Patry

Hywel Morgan

Benjamin Harris Paletsky

Craig Alan Breen

Samantha Morrill

Russell J Wilcox

Libing Zhang

Jason D Feick

Mark Benjamin Romanowsky

Steven Joseph Battista

Kimberly L Houde

J Ryan Kruse

Jillian Smith

Andrew L Loxley

Anthony Edward Pullen

Steven J O'Neil

Dirk Hertel

Cristina Visani

Stephen P Dudek

Nishit Murari

David Zhitomirsky

Shyamala A Subramanian

Evan Griffith

Carl Philip Taussig

Ian D Morrison

Michael D Walls

Crystal Nguyen

Andrew A Drabek

Andrew Y Oleson

Rajesh Chebiyam

Ara N Knaian

Jian Lin

Teck Ping Sim

Holly G Gates

John Cronin

Jianna Wang

Mihai Ibanescu

John E Ritter

Alexi Arango

Pavel Kamaev

Yelena Kann

Jonathan L Zalesky

Joshua Ritchey

Timothy J O'Malley

Brian D Bean

Justin J Abramson

Seungman Sohn

Harit Doshi

Lynne A McCullough

Jonathan Kim Nguyen

Matthew A King

Emily J Pratt

John L Marshall

Stephen D Fantone

Yoel Fink

Ian French

Gordon R McInroy

Joanna F Au

Charles Howard Honeyman

Eugene Bzowej

David Paul Biss

Michael Chun Hao Chen

Michael Rein

A method for making electrophoretic displays layers including various thin films that are deposited directly onto a layer of microcapsules of electrophoretic media. In an embodiment, a thin film of a light-transmissive conductive material is deposited to create a clear front electrode for an electrophoretic display. In some embodiments, both a dielectric layer and a thin film of a light-transmissive conductive material will be deposited onto the microcapsules.

Electrophoretic display layer with thin film top electrode

Improved methods for driving an active matrix of pixel electrodes controlled with thin film transistors when the voltage on a top electrode is being altered between driving frames. The methods described increase performance by providing smaller swings in the overall voltage between the top electrode and pixel electrode while reducing stress on the thin film transistor.

High voltage driving using top plane switching with zero voltage frames between driving frames

A variable transmission film may include an electrophoretic medium having a plurality of capsules and a binder, each capsule containing a plurality of electrically charged particles and a fluid, the charged particles being movable by application of an electric field and being capable of being switched between an open state and a closed state. The film may include at least one of a binder containing fish gelatin and a polyanion; a binder containing one or more tinting agents; capsules containing charge control agents, such as an oligoamine-terminated polyolefin and a branched chain fatty acid comprising at least 8 carbon atoms; a selection of capsules in which at least 60% have a diameter between 50 μm and 90 μm and at least 15% have a diameter between 20 μm and 49 μm; a tinted adhesive layer; and a fluid selected from one or more nonconjugated olefinic hydrocarbons.

Method of forming an electro-optic medium

A display apparatus including: a plurality of display tiles; a controller configured to control the display tiles; a mounting structure for mounting the plurality of display tiles, the mounting structure including a conductive interconnect layer having a plurality of traces configured to connected the plurality of display tiles to the controller, and a connector connecting at least one display tile to the mounting structure. The at least one display tile is sufficiently flexible to have a curvature, wherein the curvature produces a space between the at least one display tile and the mounting structure to house the controller.

Electro-optic display apparatus

Systems and methods are disclosed for pressure-sensitive, electrophoretic displays, which may optionally include haptic feedback. A display may comprise a first conductive layer having a pressure-sensitive conductivity and an electrophoretic layer positioned adjacent to the first conductive layer, wherein the electrophoretic layer is in electrical communication with the first conductive layer and is configured to locally change state based on a pressure applied to the first conductive layer. Local and global writing and erasing of the display can also be achieved.

Pressure-sensitive writing media comprising electrophoretic materials

A variable light transmission device has at least one layer of electrophoretic medium comprising charged particles. Application of a an electric field having a waveform formed by a superposition of a carrier and a modulator waveform enables the switching of the device from a closed state to an open state, wherein the open state has higher light transmission than the closed state. As a result, the device enables the selection of the desired optical state by the user.

Driving methods for a variable light transmission device

An electrophoretic display comprising a fluid including a first species of particles and a charge control agent disposed between first and second electrodes. When a first addressing impulse have an electrical polarity is applied to the medium, the first species of particles move in one direction relative to the electric field, but when a second addressing impulse, larger than the first addressing impulse but having the same electrical polarity, is applied to the medium, the first species of particles move in the opposed direction relative to the electric field.

Colored electrophoretic displays using same polarity reversing address pulse

An active molecule delivery system whereby active molecules can be released on demand and/or a variety of different active molecules can be delivered from the same system and/or different concentrations of active molecules can be delivered from the same system. The invention is well-suited for delivering pharmaceuticals to patients transdermally. In some embodiments, the system includes two separate reservoirs and a mixing area thereby allowing precursors to be mixed immediately before transdermal delivery.

Digital microfluidic delivery device

Light-transmissive conductors including oriented conductors disposed in a light-transmissive polymer having a volume resistivity between 1×10ohm-cm and 1×10ohm-cm. The oriented conductors typically have very high conductivity along their length. Light-transmissive conductors described herein are well-suited for front electrodes for electro-optic displays, especially elongated displays in the shape of ribbons, stripes, or rulers.

Light-transmissive conductor with directional conductivity

An electro-optic display comprising at least two separate layers of electro-optic material, with one of these layers being capable of displaying at least one optical state which cannot be displayed by the other layer. The display is driven by a single set of electrodes between which both layers are sandwiched, the two layers being controllable at least partially independently of one another. Another form of the invention uses three different types of particles within a single electrophoretic layer, with the three types of particles being arranged to shutter independently of one another.

Method for driving two layer variable transmission display

An image is formed on an architectural surface by applying to the surface, in order: a rear electrode layer; a light-transmissive front electrode layer; a photoconductive layer disposed between the front and rear electrode layers; and an electro-optic layer disposed between the front and rear electrode layers. A potential difference is applied between the front and rear electrode layers and the front electrode layer is imagewise exposed to radiation which causes a change in the conductivity of the photoconductive layer, thereby causing an imagewise change in the optical state of the electro-optic layer. Films for application to architectural surfaces are also provided.

Applications of electro-optic displays

An electro-optic media includes either a plurality of microcapsules in a binder, a polymeric sheet containing sealed microcells, or droplets in a continuous polymeric phase. Each of the microcapsules, microcells, or droplets contain a dispersion that includes a plurality of charged composite particles and a suspending fluid, and the charged particles move through the suspending fluid under the influence of an electric field. The composite particles include one or more types of pigment particles that are at least partially coated with a polymeric material. Each of the binder, polymeric sheet, continuous polymeric phase, the charged composite particles, and the suspending fluid have an index of refraction, and a difference between the index of refraction of the composite particles and at least one of the binder, polymeric sheet, continuous polymeric phase, and solvent is less than or equal to 0.05 at 550 nm.

Composite electrophoretic particles and variable transmission films containing the same

An electrowetting system is disclosed. The system includes electrodes configured to manipulate droplets of fluid in a microfluidic space. Each electrode is coupled to circuitry operative to selectively apply a driving voltage to the electrode. The system includes a dielectric stack including a first dielectric pair comprising a first layer having a first dielectric constant and a second layer having a second dielectric constant. The second dielectric constant is larger than the first dielectric constant. The dielectric stack includes a second dielectric pair comprising a third layer having a third dielectric constant and a fourth layer having a fourth dielectric constant. The fourth dielectric constant is larger than the third dielectric constant. A ratio of a thickness of the fourth layer to a thickness of the third layer (T:T) is in the range from about 2:1 to about 8:1. The second dielectric pair is thinner than the first dielectric pair.

Dielectric layers for digital microfluidic devices

An electrical connection between the backplane and the light-transmissive front electrode of an electrowetting device is provided by forming an aperture through the top front electrode coupled and a substrate coupled thereto and subsequently introducing a flowable, electrically-conductive material into the aperture. The flowable, electrically-conductive material provides an electrical contact between the light-transmissive electrically-conductive layer and the backplane.

Method of forming a top plane connection in an electro-optic device

Methods and systems for driving an active matrix electrowetting on dielectric device including thin-film-transistors to increase the switching frequency of the propulsion electrodes beyond what is typical for line-by-line active matrix driving. By using a latching circuit, it is possible to selectively switch specific propulsion (pixel) electrodes between an 'on' and an “off” state, wherein a propulsion electrode in an “on” state can be driven by a time varying drive voltage on the top electrode that is a much higher frequency than is typically possible with amorphous silicon thin-film-transistor arrays. The faster drive frequency improves the performance of electrowetting devices, especially when used with aqueous droplets having a high ionic strength.

Latched transistor driving for high frequency AC driving of EWoD arrays

Growing community of inventors

Framingham, MA, United States of America

Richard J Paolini, Jr