Eastman-kodak Company

Johnson & Johnson Clinical Diagnostics, Inc.

Ortho-clinical Diagnostics, Inc

Other

Clinical Diagnostic Systems, Inc.

Richard C Sutton

Ignazio S Ponticello

Susan J Danielson

John Bruce Findlay

Marsha D Oenick

Dennis R Zander

Harold C Warren

Thomas J Cummins

Marsha B Oenick

Brian A Snyder

Gerald A Campbell

Fred T Oakes

Lewis R Hamilton

Kenneth R Hollister

JoAnne H Kerschner

John W Backus

William Harold Donish

Raymond F Reithel

Tobias E Ekeze

Rowland G Mowrey

Donald Arthur Smith

John C Wilson

Douglas E Bugner

Wayne A Bowman

Mark Lelental

Thomas W Martin

Pranab Bagchi

Anthony Adin

Lawrence P DeMejo

Jon N Eikenberry

David P Brust

Daniel S Daniel

John C Mauck

James R Schaeffer

James Hunter Anderson

Margaret J Smith-Lewis

Gerald W Klein

Brent A Burdick

Annie L Wu

Gregory J McClune

Richard L Detwiler

Andrew M Kirsch

Karl J Sanford

Roger W Nelson

Joseph A Verdone

John Figueras

Patricia M Scensny

Linda A Mauck

Susan Danielson

David B LaTart

Robert A Snow

Robert F Winterkorn

Nancy F Green

Elizabeth A Grogan

David J Sharkey

Jerome C Swartz

Thomas Arter

Caroline Erdrich

James E Love, Jr

Linda Mauck

Jerome Swartz

Marsha D Bale

Susan B Littlehale

Richard Troconis Belly

Paul Hong-Dze Chen

Wayne Weber

Cathy L Blakey

An assay element for analyzing a charged analyte employs an immobilized receptor and a material having a net charge which is the same as that of the analyte. In a preferred embodiment, the analyte is an aminoglycoside and the material is a polymer having a net positive charge.

Analytical elements having a surface charge

Improved dry-operative ion-selective electrodes and their use are described. The dry-operative ion-selective electrodes include an internal reference electrode comprising a water-soluble salt dispersed in a polymer binder consisting essentially of a monomer having at least one carboxyl group and a hydrophobic monomer. The polymer provides reduced brittleness, good interlayer adhesion and high salt tolerance.

Polymeric compositions for ion-selective electrodes

A multilayer dry immunoassay element comprising 1) a spreading layer having a sample application area and a signal read area and 2) a separate receptor layer residing on 3) a radiation-transmissive support characterized in that the spreading layer contains a light absorbing material.

Format for minimizing interferences in chemiluminescent thin-film

A dry analytical element is disclosed which can be used to sensitively and rapidly detect and quantitate protein. The assays are carried out using a dye that reacts with protein and molybdate ion to produce a measurable change in the spectral absorption of the dye. Also disclosed are polymers which stabilize and enhance the accuracy of the assay, and compounds which reduce interference by bicarbonate.

Dry analytical elements for the determination of protein

Nucleic acids can be amplified and detected using an element which has a sealable support on which is disposed a nucleic acid reagent composition. The composition is a mixture of a nucleic acid reagent composed of polymeric particles to which an oligonucleotide is covalently attached. The particles are prepared from a first polymer having a glass transition temperature of at least about 70.degree. C. and have an average diameter of from about 0.1 to about 3 micrometers. The reagent is adhered to the support using a water insoluble adhesive comprising a second polymer which has a glass transition temperature which is at least about 30.degree. C. less than the glass transition temperature of the first polymer. The adhesive is present in the composition at from about 1 to about 20 dry weight percent. The method provides high sensitivity and low background in the assay of nucleic acids, preferably using polymerase chain reaction.

Method for nucleic acid amplification and detection using adhered probes

A dry immunoassay analytical element, for assaying a ligand is disclosed. The element comprises, in the following order, (a) a layer containing a labeled ligand, (b) a bead spreading layer, c) a cross-linked hydrophilic polymer layer and d) a support; wherein (i) a fixed concentration of an immobilized receptor for the labeled ligand is located in a zone at the interface of layers (b) and (c); and (ii) the receptors are immobilized by being covalently bonded to polymeric beads that are smaller than the beads in layer (c).

Immunoassay elements having a receptor zone

Nucleic acids can be made available for amplification or other treatment after lysis by contacting the lysate with polyethyleneimine to form a precipitate with the nucleic acids. The nucleic acids are then released from the precipitate by contact with a strong base, and the released nucleic acids are kept in solution with an anionic phosphate ester surfactant. This method for preparing specimen samples is simple and quite rapid.

Methods for capture and selective release of nucleic acids using

Nucleic acids can be made available for amplification or other treatment after lysis by contacting the lysate with specific weakly basic polymers to form a precipitate with the nucleic acids at acidic pH. After removing non-precipitated materials, the pH is then made basic, thereby releasing the nucleic acids from the polymer. This method for preparing specimen samples is simple and quite rapid, and the released nucleic acids can be further treated in hybridization assays or amplification procedures. The weakly basic polymers are water-soluble and cationic at acidic pH, but neutral in charge at basic pH.

Methods for capture and selective release of nucleic acids using weakly

A biologically active reagent is prepared by reacting a biologically active substance covalently to a polymeric particle having pendant aldehyde groups. Such groups are provided by a polymerizable monomer represented by the structure: ##STR1## wherein Ar is arylene, R and R.sup.1 are independently hydrogen, halo or lower alkyl, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 are independently alkylene of 1 to 4 carbon atoms in the chain, R.sup.4 is arylene, m is 0 or 1, and n is an integer of 1 to 4. These reagents can be used in a variety of specific binding and affinity purification methods, and in both solution assays and dry analytical elements.

Biologically active reagent prepared from aldehyde-containing polymer,

Useful materials for diagnostic tests, affinity chromatography, enzymatic reactions and immunoassays are prepared by covalently attaching reactive compounds containing reactive amino or sulfhydryl groups to polymeric particles having pendant carboxyl groups on the outer surfaces. Such reactive compounds include biologically reactive species, such as enzymes, polypeptides and proteins. This attachment is carried out using carbamoylonium compounds which react with the carboxyl groups to form intermediate reactive groups which then react with the amino or sulfhydryl groups to form a covalent linkage between particle and reactive compound. A kit comprises polymeric particles having carboxyl groups on the outer surfaces, and a carbamoylonium compound.

Attachment of compounds to polymeric particles using carbamoylonium

An element has been prepared which is useful for the detection of nucleic acids in various formats. The element has a sealable support on which is disposed a nucleic acid reagent composition. The composition is a mixture of a nucleic acid reagent composed of polymeric particles to which an oligonucleotide is covalently attached. The particles are prepared from a first polymer having a glass transition temperature of at least about 70.degree. C. and have an average diameter of from about 0.1 to about 3 micrometers. The reagent is adhered to the support using a water insoluble adhesive comprising a second polymer which has a glass transition temperature which is at least about 30.degree. C. less than the glass transition temperature of the first polymer. The adhesive is present in the composition at from about 1 to about 20 weight percent. This element provides high sensitivity and low background in hybridization and other nucleic acid assays.

Element and method for nucleic acid amplification and detection using

Reagents have been prepared from water-insoluble polymeric particles to which are covalently attached avidin, biotin or an avidin or biotin derivative. The polymeric particles comprise a polymer on at least the outer surface which is derived from at least one ethylenically unsaturated monomer having a reactive activated 2-substituted ethylsulfonyl, vinylsulfonyl or active halogen atom. Covalent attachment of avidin, biotin or an avidin or biotin derivative is effected either directly or indirectly through these reactive groups. The resulting reagent is useful in analytical elements and various analytical methods including agglutination and sandwich assays. The immobilized avidin, biotin or derivative can be used to complex with the corresponding biotin or avidin molecule which may be conjugated to a compound of biological interest.

Avidin-and biotin immobilized reagents and methods of use

Biologically active reagents are prepared from particles of copolymers having polyoxyalkylene side chains, each of which side chains has a molecular weight of at least about 88. The reagents are prepared by covalently attaching biologically active substances, for example antibodies, to the particles, directly or indirectly through reactive groups on the particle surface. These reagents are used to advantage in analytical elements and methods for the detection of specific binding ligands (such as immunological species) and immunoassays, and in purification methods as affinity chromatography reagents. Adsorption of undesirable proteins on the particles of the reagents was considerably reduced because of the specific composition of the particles.

Method for detection of a nucleic acid using particulate reagent having

Biologically active reagents are prepared from particles of copolymers having highly active succinimid groups. The reagents are prepared by covalently attaching biologically active substances, for example antibodies, to the particles, directly or indirectly through amide groups by displacement of highly active succinimid groups on the particle surface. These reagents are used to advantage in analytical elements, methods for the detection of specific binding ligands (such as immunological species) and immunoassays, and in purification methods such as affinity chromatography.

Method of preparing biologically active reagents from

A polymeric latex composition having a hydrophobe incorporated therein can be prepared using a novel latex 'loading' method. This method includes providing a loadable latex, providing a hydrophobe dissolved in a water-miscible organic solvent, heating the loadable latex to about 30.degree. to about 90.degree. C. and gradually adding the hydrophobe solution to the heated loadable latex under conditions to keep the hydrophobe in solution and to 'load' it into the latex particles. In preferred embodiments, the latex is surfactant-free and has particles which have outer reactive groups which are capable of reacting with free amine or sulfhydryl groups of a biological compound. Such latices can be used to prepare water-insoluble biological reagents having a biological compound attached to the particles.

Methods of preparing a polymeric latex composition and water-insoluble

Growing community of inventors

Rochester, NY, United States of America

Richard C Sutton