Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft

Sanofi-a Ventis Deutschland Gmbh

Aventis Pharma Deutschland, Gmbh

Richard Bicker

Javier Manero

Karl Geisen

Laszlo Vertesy

Reinhold Keller

Rudiger Erckel

Gerhard Seipke

Manfred Schrod

Werner Sievers

Tobias Metzenthin

Joachim Graeser

Frank Richard

Hans Militzer

J&ouml;rg Von Eysmondt

Dieter Desch

Claus-Jürgen Maier

A process is described for preparing compounds of formula (I)where R is H, optionally halogen-substituted alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, alkyl-aryl or heteroaryl, and, in alkyl and cycloalkyl, one or more CHgroups may be replaced by &#x2014;O&#x2014;. The compounds of the formula (I) are valuable intermediates in the synthesis of PPAR agonists.

Synthesis of 2-chloromethyl-6-methylbenzoic ester

The present invention relates to an improved procedure for the chromatographic purification of insulins wherein a pressure-stable organic polymeric chromatography material is used as a stationary phase, and the mobile phase contains at least one water-miscible organic solvent and at least one buffer substance and the pH is from about 7 to about 11.

Procedure for the chromatographic purification of insulins

The invention relates to insulin derivatives of the formula III ##STR1## in which R.sup.30 and R.sup.31 together are OH, or R.sup.30 is a radical of a neutral, genetically encodable L-amino acid and R.sup.31 is OH or a physiologically acceptable organic group of basic character having up to 50 carbon atoms, whose synthesis involves 0 to 3 .alpha.-amino acids and whose optional terminal carboxyl function can be present free, as an ester function, as an amide function, as a lactone or reduced to CH.sub.2 OH, and R.sup.A-1 is a radical of a genetically encodable L-amino acid, and physiologically acceptable salts of said insulin derivative of the formula III.

Insulin derivatives, process for their preparation, their use and a

Cyanogen halides and/or phosgene are removed from waste gases by bringing the waste gases into intimate contact with an aqueous solution of at least one amine of the formula NR.sub.3 ; in the formula, 1 or 2 of the radicals R represent an alkanol or alkylamine group having 2 or 3 carbon atoms in each case, where H and/or C.sub.1 -C.sub.2 -alkyl is bound to the nitrogen of the amine group, and the remaining groups R are H or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl.

Process for removing cyanogen halides and phosgene from waste gases

The invention relates to a process for the cleavage of peptides and proteins at the methionyl bond using cyanogen chloride.

Process for the cleavage of peptides and proteins at the methionyl bond

Pyridine is prepared by ammoxidation (=reaction with oxygen or an oxygen-containing gas and ammonia, if appropriate in the presence of steam) of cyclopentadiene in the presence of a tellurium-free silica gel catalyst, .gamma.-Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 catalyst and/or aluminum silicate catalyst, which is preferably also doped with transition metal oxides and/or the oxides of gallium and/or indium and, if appropriate, also contains trivial quantities of further customary additives. The surface area of the catalyst should be between about 75 and 800 m.sup.2 /g and the pore volume between about 0.2 and 2 cm.sup.3 /g, and the reaction temperature should be between about 200.degree. and 400.degree. C. The pyridine formed in the process is free from picolines and higher homologs.

Process for the preparation of pyridine

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Liederbach, Germany

Richard Bicker