Siemens Aktiengesellschaft

Other

Siemens Aktiengesell Schaft

Reinhold Noe

David Sandel

Christofer Hierold

Thomas Scheiter

Max Steger

Franz Auracher

Alfred Ebberg

Bernd Noll

Cornelius Fuerst

Hergen Kapels

Harald Geiger

Ulrich Naher

Philipp Sasse

Robert Aigner

Device for detecting polarization mode dispersion of an optical data signal, which has at least one EXOR gate together with an averaging device for measuring at least one value of the autocorrelation function of a baseband signal distorted by polarization mode dispersion.

Device for detecting polarization mode dispersion

A polarization scrambler and associated method for polarization scrambling are provided, wherein light is passed through a retarder whose eigen modes and delay vary with time and which is driven with alternating signals at two harmonic frequencies. One exemplary embodiment with an electrooptical wave plate operates with a horizontal or vertical input polarization and supplies output polarizations which vary with time and have uncorrelated normalized Stokes parameters. The polarization scrambler which is produced can be used in devices for detection of polarization mode dispersion.

Polarization scrambler and a method for polarization scrambling

A polarization scrambler, and associated method for polarization scrambling, is provided wherein light is passed through a time-variant retarder. At least after upstream connection or downstream connection of a time-invariant retarder, this time-variant retarder may be represented as a retarder with eigen modes which are uniformly distributed on the Poincar&#xe9; sphere and with a delay of 5&#x3c0;/6. An exemplary embodiment contains only two electro-optical wave plates, which are actuated by alternating signals containing harmonics. The polarization scrambler which is produced is independent of the input polarization of the light and can be used in devices for detection of polarization mode dispersion.

Polarization scrambler, and a method for polarization scrambling

A device is provided for detecting polarization mode dispersion of an optical data signal, wherein the device includes at least two filters, each of which is respectively followed by a power detector. A better compensation can ensue due to the combination of a large monotony range and great steepness in the employment of a number of filters.

Device for detecting polarization mode dispersions

A polarization transformer/PMD compensator chip contains a differential TE-TM phase modulator at its input. The modulator generates a TE-TM phase modulation. The mode converter voltages are driven with driving signals that are free of DC components. DC drift is thereby safely avoided.

Polarization transformer for DC drift-free polarization transformation or polarization mode dispersion compensation

A method and apparatus for determining polarization dispersion of optical signals by measuring respective deviations between output signals that correspond to spectral power densities of the optical signal, and the output signals in undistorted conditions. The present method and apparatus uses output voltages from a plurality of filters in determining the polarization dispersion.

Device and method for detecting polarization mode dispersion

Method for DC drift-free polarization transformation and DC drift-free polarization transformer

The invention specifies a method and apparatus for optical polarization control which enable non-ideal component behavior to be corrected by means of a calibration table. This ensures shorter constructional length, lower operating voltages or higher level functions (ER instead of GSBA).

Method for optical polarization control

For characterizing polarization transformers or PMD compensators, a polarization transformer to be characterized is operated as a mode converter with full mode conversion and variable orientation. A polarization control sees to it that a further polarization transformer assures the desired, overall polarization transformation. Conclusions about the precision with which the polarization transformer to be characterized works can be drawn from the nature and strength or, too, from the absence of changes of control signals of this further polarization transformer, and this can be improved. The method is particularly suited for the automatic follow-up of DC drift in polarization transformers or PMD compensators with lithium niobate components.

Method for characterizing polarization transformers

For the purpose of optical transmission, narrow pulses are generated with the aid of at least two modulators (M , M ), in which use is made of drive signals (TS , TS ) of the same frequency with different amplitudes, the modulators having different working points.

Method and system for generating return-to-zero signals

A polarization mode dispersion compensator including a number of polarization mode converters. At least three mode converters, or at least three groups of mode converters, are individually actuated by at least three control voltages to compensate for PMD.

Method for compensating polarization mode dispersion in a waveguide and a polarization mode dispersion compensator

Resonator which can be produced by micromachining and has a mass part (DF , DF , V , V ) which is fixed by means of a resilient suspension (FA) to an anchoring point (AN) in such a way that it can perform rotary oscillations in its plane, in which, in the rest position of the mass part, the resilient suspension is aligned only along an axis (SAX) of symmetry with regard to which the mass part is of mirror-symmetrical design.

Mechanical resonator for a rotation sensor

Rotation rate sensor

A capacitance to be measured is connected together with three further capacitances to form a bridge circuit, in which each two of the capacitors are connected in series, and these two series circuits are connected in parallel to one another, and which replaces a part of the input stage of a .SIGMA.-.DELTA. modulator. As inputs of this bridge circuit, terminals are provided at the ends of these series circuits, and as outputs terminals are respectively provided between the capacitors connected one after the other in series. In a sensor realized thereby, two capacitively measuring sensor elements of the same type are used. These capacitors are built into the bridge circuit together with two equally large reference capacitors in such a way that exactly one measurement capacitor and one reference capacitor is La connected is connected to each input and to each output of the bridge circuit.

Capacitively measuring sensor and readout circuit

Apparatus and methods are disclosed for readjusting a modulation shift of a transmission light modulated optical signal. In these systems and methods, a first modulated portion of the modulated transmission light is removed to obtain a first modulated signal which is divided into first and second light beams. The first light beam is delayed by a specific delay time and the first and second light beams are coherently superimposed to obtain an optical superposition signal which is detected to produce a detector signal that is proportional to a power of the superposition signal. An error signal is subsequently generated from the detector signal which is representative of a modulation shift from a desired shift value which is used for substantially correcting a modulation of the transmission light.

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Paderborn, Germany

Reinhold Noe