US Government as Represented by the Secretary of the Army

Other

Reddy Damavarapu

Raja G Duddu

Paritosh R Dave

Nathaniel S Gelber

C Rao Surapaneni

Kathy Yang

Victor Stepanov

Rajen B Patel

Rao C Surapaneni

Hongwei Qiu

Keerthi Jayasuriya

Jesse J Sabatini

Gary Chen

Veera M Boddu

Sury Iyer

Thomas J Kwok

Amita Nagori

Hongwei Qui

Theodore Vladimiroff

Keerti Jayasuriya

Krishnaiah Abburi

MaoXi Zhang

John H Hoare

A single-step method for preparing nano-sized cocrystals of explosive material by preparing a coformer solution having an explosive precursor dissolved into a liquid medium and a second explosive precursor dispersed in the liquid medium. The viscosity and solubility of the coformer solution may be modified by addition of binders, plasticizers, surfactants and anti-foaming agents to the coformer solution. The coformer solution is then milled to mechanically form the cocrystals. Further milling produces the desired cocrystal sizes.

Single-step production method for nano-sized energetic cocrystals by bead milling and products thereof

A method of manufacturing a CL-20/HMX cocrystalline explosive which is coated in a polymeric binder, so as to be useful as an explosive molding powder. The cocrystalline material having a desirable average crystal size of from about 300 nm to about 1000 nm, which crystals are intimately coated with a polymeric binder and are produced as granular agglomerates that are less than on average 5 microns in size, and which crystals are relatively easy and safe to handle, transport, store and use. The method involving spray drying a CL-20 and HMX solvent solution containing a polymeric binder to form an intermediary amorphous material&#x2014;which intermediary is then heated to cocrystallize the CL-20/HMX into the desired size cocrystals and aggregates thereof&#x2014;which are coated in said polymeric binder.

Nanoscale cocrystalline explosives

A safe and simple method for synthesizing insensitive nano-size cocrystals of high explosive materials such as HMX and Cl-20 by suspending the explosive materials in a nonsolvent solution and bead milling the solution.

A one-pot process for preparing ammonium and hydroxylammonium salts of bis 5,5'-tetrazole-1,1&#x2032;-dihydroxide, specifically, diammonium bis 5,5&#x2032;-tetrazole-1,1&#x2032;-diolate (ABTOX) and dihydroxylammonium 5,5&#x2032;-bistetrazole-1,1&#x2032;-diolate (TKX-50). The process requires the reaction of sodium azide, dichloroglyoxime, HCl in dioxane solution to form bis 5,5&#x2032;-tetrazole-1,1&#x2032;-dihydroxide and treating this product with either ammonium chloride to produce ABTOX or hydroxylamine hydrochloride to produce TKX-50.

One-pot process for preparation of ammonium and hydroxyl ammonium derivatives of bis 5,5'-tetrazole-1,1&#x2032;-dihydroxide

A novel method for preparing 3-chlorocarbohydroxymoyl-4-nitro-1,2,5-oxadiazole by reacting 4-amino-3-chlorocarbohydroxymoyl-1,2,5-oxadiazole with HOand a tungsten based catalyst and use of the prepared 3-chlorocarbohydroxymoyl-4-nitro-1,2,5-oxadiazole for synthesizing 3,4-Bis(4-nitro-1,2,5-oxadizaol-3-yl)-1,2,5-oxadiazole-N-oxide (DNTF).

Synthesis of 3,4-Bis(4-nitro-1,2,5-oxadizaol-3-yl)-1,2,5-oxadizaole-N-oxide (DNTF) using 3-chlorocarbohydroxymoyl-4-nitro-1,2,5-oxadizaole

The present invention is a flare illuminant composition, useful in hand-held signals, which composition is environmentally friendly and economical, containing a commercially available, aromatic, high energy, amine-based organic compound, 5-aminotetrazole, in place of the conventional and toxic KClO, or, for the known alternative to KClO, expensive, strontium bis-(1-methyl-5-nitriminotetrazolate)monohydrate.

Environmentally friendly flare illuminant composition

Energetic candidate azido heterocycles and their synthesis are described.

Synthesis of azido heterocycles

A method for synthesizing pentanitrohexaazaisowurtzintane under neutral reaction conditions. Which synthesis involves treating a solution of hexanitrohexaazaisowurtzitane in ethyl acetate in the presence of a catalytic quantity of palladium on a carbon substrate, until a heterogeneous mixture is formed. This heterogeneous mixture is hydrogenated under a balloon atmosphere until the starting hexanitrohexaazaisowurtzitane is substantially reacted. The resulting pentanitrohexaazaisowurzitane mixture is filtered, dried and recovered from the dried residue through a Si-gel column.

Hydrogenolytic denitration of polynitro compounds: pentanitrohexaazaisowurtzitane

A method of adjusting the yield of a manufactured compound comprising primarily two energetic materials to yield a product comprising primarily one of the two energetic materials. Specifically, embodiments of the present invention provide a method of purifying a compound primarily comprising RDX and HMX to achieve a desired purity of RDX with an acceptable yield percentage. By adding sufficient acetonitrile (ACN) to the manufactured compound to dissolve it and form a solution; adding a pre-specified volume of water to the resultant solution and stirring sufficiently to precipitate at least the RDX; separating and drying the precipitate, a pre-specified purity and yield percentage of RDX may be obtained by varying the volume of water added. The process uses relatively environmentally benign recyclable solvents at ambient temperature and pressure reducing both environmental impact and energy costs.

Adjusting yield of a manufacturing process for energetic compounds through solubility modification

1-Methyl-2,4,5-Trinitroimidazole is synthesized starting from 4-nitroimidazole using stepwise nitration method and further methylation using Dimethylsulphate. It is relatively insensitive to impact and its thermal stability is excellent. The calculated detonation properties indicate that its performance is about 30% better than TATB. It can be prepared easily, with reasonable yield, starting from commercially available Imidazole. Results from impact sensitivity, friction sensitivity, time-to-explosion temperature and vacuum stability tests indicate that it is less sensitive than both RDX and HMX. The good oxygen balance and measured heat of formation data of this material indicate that its propellant performance should be good.

Melt-cast explosive material

The invention relates to a novel polyazido compound: 2,2-dinitro-1,3-diazidopropane.

Polyazido compounds

The compound 3a,8a-bis-azidomethyl-3a,4,8a,9-tetrahydro-3H,8H-bis-[1,2,3]triazolo[1,5-a;1&#x2033;,5&#x2033;-d]pyrazine, whose structure is depicted below, is disclosed:

The compound 2,2-bis(azidomethyl)oxirane, whose structure is depicted below, is disclosed:

This invention relates to a series of novel compounds having the general structures A and B:including 2-azido-2-azidomethyl-1,3-diazidopropane (1), 2-azidomethyl-2-hydroxy-1,3-diazidopropane (2), 2-azidomethyl-2-nitrato-1,3-diazidopropane (3), 2-azidomethyl-2-nitro-1,3-diazidopropane (4), 2,2-dinitro-1,3-diazidopropane (5), methallyidiazide (6), a dimer of methallyidiazide (6), comprising 3a,8a-Bis-azidomethyl-3a,4,8a,9-tetrahydro-3H,8H-bis[1,2,3]triazolo[1,5-a;1&#x2033;,5&#x2033;-d]pyrazine (6-Dimer), 1,3-diazidoacetone (7), and 2-Oximido-1,3-diazidopropane (8). Also shown are reaction intermediates of these compounds, including 2,2-bis(chloromethyl)oxirane (9), and 2,2-bis(azidomethyl)oxirane (10). In addition, a number of potentially useful energetic compounds have been prepared from the low molecular weight polyazido compounds above, including N-2(azido-1-azidomethyl-ethylidene)-N&#x2033;-(2,4-dinitrophenyl)-hydrazine (7-DNPH), 1,3-Bis(4-carboxytriazolyl)2,2-dinitropropane (12), Tris(4-carboxytriazolomethyl)methanol (13), Benzene-1,3,5-tricarboxylic acid tris(2-azido-1,1-bisazidomethyl-ethyl)ester (14), Adamantane 1,3,5,7-tetracarboxylic acid tetrakis(2-azido-1,1-bisazidomethyl-ethyl)ester (15), Adamantane carboxylic acid 2-azido-1,1-bisazidomethyl-ethyl)ester (16), cubane 1,3,5,7-tetracarboxylic acid tetrakis (2-azido-1,1-bisazidomethyl-ethyl)ester (17), cubane 1,4-dicarboxylic acid bis(2-azido-1,1-bisazidomethyl-ethyl)ester (18).

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Hackettstown, NJ, United States of America

Reddy Damavarapu