At&t Bell Laboratories

Bell Telephone Laboratories

At+t Corp.

American Telephone & Telegraph Co., At&t Bell Laboratories

Lucent Technologies Inc.

American Telephone and Telegraph, Co.

Raymond Wolfe

Ernst M Gyorgy

Jay K Trautman

Robert E Betzig

Terence J Nelson

Roy C LeCraw

John Hegarty

Joseph F Dillon, Jr

Sungho Jin

Greg E Blonder

David John DiGiovanni

Douglas Max Gill

Kenneth L Walker

Charles H Henry

George Philip Vella-Coleiro

Yuan P Li

Rudolf F Kazarinov

Charles D Brandle, Jr

Stuart L Blank

Dirk Joachim Muehlner

Vincent J Fratello

John E Graebner

Weyl-Kuo Wang

Robert A Lieberman

Roy Conway Le Craw

Dale Conrad Jacobson

The specification describes a Mach-Zehnder electro-optic modulator device in which the ridge containing the waveguides in the interactive electro-optic regions have re-entrant sidewalls. This shifts the peak in the RF field profile to below the surface of the ridge and closer to the peak of the optical field, thereby producing a device with reduced drive voltage.

Electro-optic modulators

Integrated optical devices which utilize a magnetostrictively, electrostrictively or photostrictively induced stress to alter the optical properties of one or more waveguides in the device are disclosed. The integrated optical devices consist of at least one pair of optical waveguides preferably fabricated in a cladding material formed on a substrate. A stress applying material, which may be a magnetostrictive, electrostrictive or photostrictive material, is affixed to the upper surface of the cladding material near at least one of the optical waveguides. When the appropriate magnetic, electric or photonic field is applied to the stress applying material, a dimensional change tends to be induced in the stress applying material. The constrained state of the stress applying material, however, caused by its adhesion to the cladding material, causes regions of tensile and compressive stress, as well as any associated strains, to be created in the integrated optical device. By positioning one or more optical waveguides in a region of the device which will be subjected to a tensile or compressive stress, the optical properties of the stressed waveguide may be varied to achieve switching and modulation. Latchable integrated optical devices are achieved by utilizing a controlled induced stress to 'tune' one or more waveguides in an integrated optical device to a desired refractive index or birefringence, which will be retained after the field is removed.

Integrated optical devices utilizing magnetostrictively,

A technique that involves selective removal of material from a surface of a polycrystalline diamond (polyD) film such that a non-planar surface results. Exemplarily the technique is used to form polyD optical elements, e.g., convex or concave lenses, or Fresnel lenses, including arrays of such lenses. The technique involves maintaining on appropriately shaped hot template body in intimate contact with a polyD surface for a time (e.g., in the range 1-1000 hours) sufficient to result in formation of the desired feature in the polyD surface. The template body involves a rare earth metal (La and Ce are preferred), Mn and/or Fe, and the temperature is below the melting temperature of the template body. Removal of 'spent' template material by, e.g., chemical etching and finishing of the polyD feature, e.g., by laser ablation and/or polishing, are contemplated.

Method of shaping polycrystalline diamond

In accordance with the invention, an optical fiber phase shifter comprises a length of asymmetrical optical fiber disposed perpendicular to a magnetic field for providing a non-reciprocal phase shift. Preferably the fiber is wound in a circular coil and exposed to an axial field as from a pancake magnet. In an isolator, the fiber length and magnet strength are chosen to provide non-reciprocal phase shifts of .+-.45.degree. or .+-.90.degree.. The isolator including the phase shifter can be any of several configurations.

Optical fiber non-reciprocal phase shifters and optical isolators using

An optical system useful, e.g., for near-field scanning optical microscopy is provided. The system incorporates a probe having improved properties. In one embodiment, the probe comprises a tapered and partially metallized portion of a single-mode optical fiber.

Manufacturing method including near-field optical microscopic

Manufacturing method including photoresist processing using a near-field

Manufacturing method, including near-field optical microscopic

Near-field optical microscopic examination of genetic material

Data recording using a near field optical probe

Near field optical microscopic examination of a biological specimen

The invention relates to optical systems comprising thin film optical waveguide isolators that are characterized by linear birefringence at least some wavelengths and temperatures. Disclosed is a method for using such a system at more than one wavelength and temperature.

Apparatus comprising a waveguide magneto-optic isolator

An optical circulator/isolator is implemented in a semiconductor package formed by a semiconductor substrate, which supports integral thin film waveguide polarization splitters and combiners, and a semiconductor lid, which supports four spherical lenses and a polarization rotator. The latter is a composite of at least two adjacent slabs of optically active material, one slab serving as a nonreciprocal 45.degree. rotator (e.g., a Faraday rotator) and the other as a reciprocal 45.degree. rotator (e.g., half-wave device). The lenses, serving both as beam expanders/condensers and as collimators, are positioned between the waveguide ends and major surfaces of the composite slab. When used with means for reversing the direction of the magnetic field in the nonreciprocal rotator, the device functions also as a switch. Also described are system architectures made possible by these devices; e.g., a single-fiber LAN having a ring architecture for non-interfering counter flow of information and a single fiber, bidirectional FTTH system for handling CATV and POTS.

Hybrid optical isolator, circulator or switch, and systems utilizing same

An optical system, useful as a magnetometer and as a polarization contoller, is disclosed. The system includes a source of electromagnetic radiation, a detector of electromagnetic radiation, and a magnetizable medium via which the source and detector communicate with one another. The system further includes apparatus for forming at least two adjacent magnetic domains separated by at least one domain wall.

Optical systems with thin film polarization rotators and method for

A method for fabricating a polarization rotator which includes a thin film waveguide exhibiting essentially zero linear birefringence in the absence of an externally applied stress, as well as an optical system incorporating said rotator, is disclosed.

An optical system, e.g., an optical fiber communication system or an optical mass storage device, which includes a linearly birefringent polarization rotator useful in an optical isolator or optical circulator, is disclosed. The rotator, which compensates for the effects of linear birefringence and is substantially antireciprocal, includes two or more material regions which are capable of subjecting incident light to elliptic birefringences. However, the sign and/or magnitude of the linear, or the sign and/or magnitude of the circular, components of the elliptic birefringences differ from region to region. Moreover, the length of each region, except the first or last region, is substantially equal to one-half the birefringent period of the region. The length of the first or last region, by contrast, is substantially equal to one-quarter the birefringent period of the region.

Optical systems with antireciprocal polarization rotators

Growing community of inventors

New Providence, NJ, United States of America

Raymond Wolfe