Council of Scientific and Industrial Research

Rakesh Kumar

Arun Kumar Sinha

Anil Kumar Sinha

Mohit Anand

Rakesh Kumar Joshi

Rohit Kumar

Abhishek Sharma

Naina Sharma

Saleem Akthar Farooqui

Tasleem Khan

Parvez Alam

Sanjay Rai Kumar

Aditya Rai

Saleem Akhtar Farooqui

Gopalan Sibi Malayil

Amitava Bandopadhaya

Surya Pratap Mehrotra

The present invention discloses a catalytic process for the manufacture of hydrogen and hydrocarbons simultaneously in the same reactor from renewable source, i.e. lipids, glycerides and fatty acids from plant, animal or algae oil, where in the multiple unsaturations in the renewable feedstock and the catalytic intermediates produced in the process from renewable feedstock is converted catalytically using simultaneous combination of in-situ occurring reactions. These in-situ occurring reactions are simultaneous combination of hydroconversion, reforming and water gas shift reactions wherein the reaction is performed in the presence of one or more metal sulfides form of metals of Group VI and/or Group IX and/or Group X elements, specifically comprises of one or more active metal combinations such as Co, W, Mo, Ni, P, with Pt, Pd encapsulated inside sodalite cages for prevention against poisoning from sulfur based compounds. The hydroconversion comprises of reactions in presence of hydrogen such as hydrocracking, dehydrogenation, dehydrocyclization, hydrodeoxygenation, hydrodesulfurization, hydrodenitrogenation, decarboxylation, decarbonylation, cyclization and aromatization reactions. The catalyst along with the active metals also includes porous silica-alumina, zeolite, silica, alumina, silicoaluminophosphates or a combination of two or more thereof used as support for the above said process. These catalysts are loaded in a graded beds (two or more beds of different catalyst mixtures) or simultaneously (mixture of different catalyst systems) and reacted specifically at lower temperatures than the steam reforming conditions i.e. at pressure from 10 to 150 atmosphere, average temperature of the catalytic bed from 250&#xb0; C. to 500&#xb0; C., space-velocity of from 0.5 hto 8 h, and hydrogen to feed ratio of from 300 NL of hydrogen/L of feed to 3500 NL hydrogen/L of feed. Initially hydrogen gas is supplied for conversion of the renewable feed stocks, as the reaction process the hydrogen consumed during the conversion of plant, animal or algae oil into hydrocarbons is balanced from the in-situ reactions such as reforming, dehydrogenation, water gas shift etc occurring during the same process. This production of hydrogen makes the entire process refinery independent and more economical and sustainable. Along with hydrogen the renewable feed stock is also converted into hydrocarbons ranging between C1-C24 carbon number, comprising of n-paraffins, isoparaffins, cyclo paraffins, naphthenes, and aromatics and polynuclear aromatics.

H2 and bio-fuels production from renewable feedstocks

A single step catalytic process for the preparation of aromatic rich aviation fuel from renewable resource in the presence of a hydrogen stream, and one or more hydroprocessing catalysts, under operating conditions for hydroconversion reactions, as defined herein, with mixed hot and cold streams of the renewable feed and getting desired product after separation of water, lighter hydrocarbon gases and carbon oxides, the said product comprising of hydrocarbons C6-C24, rich in aromatic content in the aviation fuel range, including kerosene range.

Process to produce aromatics rich aviation fuel along with other C1-C24 hydrocarbons

A novel pt/pd sodalite caged catalyst combination with sulfided base metal catalyst for improved catalytic hydroprocessing of renewable feedstock. Particularly, the invention relates to a process for preparation of the said catalyst. More particularly, the invention relates to a process for the preparation of hydrocarbon fuel from the feed stock using a said catalyst. Further, the invention discloses a novel catalyst and a process for the preparation of the Pt/Pd encapsulated in sodalite cage with silica-alumina ZSM-5 synthesized around it supported with nickel, molybdenum, cobalt, tungsten or one or more thereof. The invention also provides process to convert vegetable oils, free fatty acids, and microbial lipids, bio-crude and conventional non-renewable crude based feed stocks such as diesel, naphtha, kerosene, gas oil, residue, etc., into gasoline, aviation, diesel, fuel and other hydrocarbons fuel with reduced coke formation and hydrogen generation due to formation of napthenes and aromatics using the novel catalyst.

Pt/Pd sodalite caged catalyst combination with sulfided base metal catalyst for the improved catalytic hydroprocessing of feedstock

A microwave-induced process for the preparation of 2-aryl and 2,2-diaryl aldehydes and analogs wherein halohydrin formation and subsequent rearrangement to 2-aryl aldehydes from corresponding aryl alkanols occurs without formation of an intermediate epoxide or use of transition metal catalysts or lewis acids/bases.

Microwave induced single step green synthesis of some novel 2-aryl aldehydes and their analogues

The present invention provides a process for the preparation of some novel 2-aryl and 2,2-diaryl aldehydes and analogues which are privileged intermediates for commercially important nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs including naproxen, flurbiprofen and potent anticancer drug candidates, including phenstatin through a unique single step synthetic methodology utilizing easily available substrates in the form of aryl alkenes as well as environmentally benign aqueous reaction conditions in the form of solvents such as mixtures of water and DMSO or Dioxane and reagents N-bromosuccinimide, N-iodosuccinimide, N-cholorosuccinimide and phase transfer catalyst such as cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide, N-hexyl ammonium chloride for a reaction time varying from 1 min-30 min, depending upon microwave or conventional heating, without using expensive transition metal catalysts or lewis acids/bases with yield varying from 35-55%, depending upon the solvent and substrate used. The developed method provides a clean and convenient alternative to access a diverse range of medicinally important 2-aryl and 2,2-diaryl aldehyde based scaffolds in lieu of the conventional multistep protocols employing expensive and hazardous transition metal catalysts and lewis acids/bases.

The present invention provides a method for the preparation of some novel multiconjugated 2- or 4-hydroxy substituted stilbenes. The method provides one pot multicomponent approach wherein 3-4 step reaction sequences viz. condensation, decarboxylation and Heck coupling occur simultaneously which results in an enhanced yield of desired products and reduced reaction times.

One pot multicomponent synthesis of some novel hydroxy stilbene derivatives with alpha, beta-carbonyl conjugation under microwave irradiation

Accordingly, the present invention provides an improved process for the production of Portland slag cement using granulated blast furnace slag, which comprises:

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Himachal Pradesh, India

Rakesh Kumar