General Electric Company

Rajasingh Schwartz Israel

Tianji Zhao

Peter William Brown

Ashfaqul Islam Chowdhury

Carl V Gunter

Young Jin Kim

Thomas G Parham

Kevin Henry Janora

Frederick W Dynys

David Wesley Sandusky

Catherine Procik Dulka

Charles D Tschetter

Ching-Pang Lee

Gary Robert Allen

Bangalore Aswatha Nagaraj

John Frederick Ackerman

William Randolph Stowell

Clifford L Spiro

Zhibo Zhao

Rolf S Bergman

Barry Preston

Thomas M Golz

Roger Alan Hume

Laurence Bigio

Denis A Lynch

Laszlo V Lieszkovszky

Bart P Terburg

Yutao Zhou

Kenneth Marsik

Ashfaq Chowdhury

Nathaniel Miller

Ashfaqui Islam Chowdhury

Jiawei Li

Example embodiments relate to a method and apparatus for reducing electrostatic deposition of charged particles on wetted surfaces that are exposed, periodically or substantially continuously, to high velocity fluid flow within a coolant flow path in a nuclear reactor. The method may include depositing a first or base dielectric layer and a second or outer dielectric layer on a conductive surface that forms a portion of a high velocity flow path to attain the apparatus. The first dielectric layer material is selected to provide improved adhesion and insulation to the conductive surface and the second dielectric layer material is selected to provide suitable adhesion to the first dielectric layer and improved corrosion and/or mechanical resistance in the anticipated operating environment.

Dielectric coating for surfaces exposed to high temperature water

Disclosed herein are optical interference multilayer coatings having region provided by a physical vapor deposition process and region provided by a chemical vapor deposition process. Also disclosed herein are methods of making such coatings, as well as lamps comprising a light-transmissive envelope, at least a portion of the surface of the light-transmissive envelope being provided with the optical interference multilayer coating noted above. Such coatings, when used on lamps, may advantageously offer improved energy efficiencies for such lamps.

Hybrid interference coatings, lamps, and methods

Disclosed is a method for reducing electrostatic deposition of charged particles on wetted surfaces that are exposed, periodically or substantially continuously to high velocity fluid flow within a coolant flow path in a nuclear reactor. The method includes depositing a first or base dielectric layer and a second or outer dielectric layer on a conductive surface that forms a portion of a high velocity flow path. The first dielectric layer material is selected to provide improved adhesion and insulation to the conductive surface and the second dielectric layer material is selected to provide suitable adhesion to the first dielectric layer and improved corrosion and/or mechanical resistance in the anticipated operating environment.

An improved seal for an electric lamp is provided. An oxidation-resistant coating is provided on the current conductor where the outer lead joins the seal foil, preferably at the pinch seal. The coating is preferably a chromium layer covered by a chromium layer or a silver layer covered by a layer of hydrogenated silicon oxy carbon polymer. The coating is preferably applied via sputtering where the coating is subject to high energy electron or ion bombardment during sputtering. Preferably the coating is applied via sputtering at increased deposition pressure.

High temperature seal for electric lamp

A reflector lamp has a generally parabolic shaped housing () with an interior surface coated with a layer () of silver having a protective layer () of a stable protective material, such as silica, disposed thereon. The thickness of the protective layer is selected such that at least one of the following relationships is satisfied: a color correction temperature of the lamp is no less than about 60 K below that of the light source, and a % reflectance of the reflective interior surface is no less than about 3% below that of an equivalent reflective interior surface without the protective layer.

Optimal silicon dioxide protection layer thickness for silver lamp reflector

A metal halide lamp () includes a light-transmissive envelope () which encloses a metal halide pool () for generating a discharge when spaced apart electrodes () within the envelope are supplied with an electric current. A multi-layer coating () is deposited on a surface () of the envelope. The coating includes several layers of at least two materials of different refractive index, which, in combination, reflect radiation in the UV region of the electromagnetic spectrum. Rather than optimizing the coating for a normal (i.e., 0&#xb0;) angle of incidence on the coating, the multi-layer coating is optimized at an angle which is selected to be within 10&#xb0; of the mean angle (&#x3b1;) of incidence of the UV radiation on the arctube surface, thereby increasing the amount of UV radiation which is returned to the metal halide pool. The coating is preferably optimized for high reflectivity in the UV-region of the spectrum and high transmission in the visible region of the spectrum to maximize useful light output while reflecting UV light back to the metal halide pool for improved heating of the pool.

Optimized ultraviolet reflecting multi-layer coating for energy efficient lamps

An electric lamp assemblyfor emitting near infrared radiation includes a reflector housingand a lamp vesselpositioned within the reflector housing. A source of illuminationis enclosed within the lamp vessel. A continuous multi-layer interference filmon an exterior surfaceof the lamp vessel transmits near infrared radiation within the range of 850-1100 nm and is substantially non-transmissive towards visible radiation.

Lamp for night vision system

A halogen infrared lamp () having an infrared reflective coating () along with a totally reflecting coating () on ends of an ellipsoidal portion of the envelope. The totally reflecting coating reflects the infrared radiation escaping at acute angles and directs the infrared radiation towards the filament to increase the temperature of the filament and thus increase the efficacy of the lamp. The totally reflecting coating may also extend to portions of tubular members extending from the ellipsoidal portion of the envelope.

IR-coated halogen lamp using reflective end coats

A reflector lamp has a generally parabolic shaped housing ( ) with an interior surface coated with a layer ( ) of silver having a protective layer ( ) of a stable protective oxide, such as silica, disposed thereon. An intermediate layer ( ), such as a layer of elemental silicon, protects the silver layer during deposition of the silica layer and is completely or substantially consumed during formation of the silica layer. The lamp includes a light source ( ) having a longitudinal axis (x) disposed on the parabolic reflector axis and preferably disposed outward of the parabolic focus (F). During lamp fabrication, the protective coating is preferably annealed to improve reflectance. The preferred lamp will have a lumens per watt greater than 14.

Protected coating for energy efficient lamp

A parabolic reflector lamp is provided wherein lamp efficiency is improved by more substantially approximating the shape of a complete parabola at the inner reflective surface. In a first embodiment, the heat shield is placed at the mouth of the opening at the base of the lamp, thereby &ldquo;filling in&rdquo; the opening and substantially completing the parabolic shape of the reflector. In a second embodiment, the opening at the base of the lamp is narrowed to minimize its cross-sectional area and maximizing reflective surface area. In a third embodiment, the glass shell of the lamp is provided in a two-piece configuration, allowing the size of the hole through the base of the glass shell to be reduced. The openings required to accommodate electrodes (and an exhaust tube in sealed lamps) are located in a second cup-shaped piece attached via a flange to the main body of the glass shell.

Reflector lamps

An optical interference coating for reflecting infra-red radiation and transmitting visible light. The coating comprises alternating layers of high index of refraction material and low index of refraction material. As the total number of layers increases, the ratio of high index of refraction material to low index of refraction material must also increase.

Stress relief mechanism for optical interference coatings

An interference coating ( ) for reflecting both visible light and a portion of the region of the infrared spectrum is disclosed. The coating includes a dichroic structure of a plurality of layers of a material having a low index of refraction and a plurality of layers of a material having a high index of refraction. The coating has an average spectral high reflectance of at least 80% for wavelengths in the visible light section of the electromagnetic spectrum and of at least 50% for wavelengths in a portion of the infrared section of the electromagnetic spectrum at least 150 nm wide.

Broad spectrum reflective coating for an electric lamp

A magnetron sputtering device and method for applying an interference layer to a substrate includes a magnetron sputtering chamber (A) which houses a substrate carrying assembly (B). The substrate carrying assembly comprises a primary rotation table ( ), rotating about its central vertical axis ( ) and at least one secondary table ( ) mounted to an upper surface ( ) of the primary rotation table. Substrates ( ) are either horizontally or vertically loaded on to the secondary table. The substrates rotate about their symmetrical axis. First and second targets ( ) are housed by the chamber and are disposed on opposite sides of the chamber. The primary rotation table rotates the substrates between a position adjacent a first target where a layer having a low refractive index is applied to the substrates and a position adjacent a second target where a layer having a high refractive index is applied to the substrates.

Radio frequency magnetron sputtering for lighting applications

A light source comprising a light generating element and a reflector, said reflector comprised of a generally parabolic shaped body including an at least substantially closed end and an open end, the light source disposed generally adjacent said closed end, said reflector including a light reflecting coating on both an internal and an external surface of said body, wherein a portion of said external surface of said body adjacent the closed end of the reflector is substantially devoid of said coating.

Increased life reflector lamps

A shroud ( ) for a light producing element ( ). The shroud having an elongated reflecting portion ( ) with a curved cross-section and an elongated light-transmissive portion ( ) with a curved cross-section. A cavity in which the light producing element is disposed is formed between the reflecting portion and the light-transmissive portion. A lamp ( ) having a shroud ( ) according to the invention is also disclosed as is a method of fabricating a shroud according to the invention.

Growing community of inventors

Westlake, OH, United States of America

Rajasingh Schwartz Israel